Verrucous antral gastritis in relation to Helicobacter pylori infection, nutrition, and gastric atrophy

Abstract Background There have been few studies in the English literature regarding verrucous gastritis (VG). The present study investigated the clinical and endoscopic features of verrucous antral gastritis, especially focusing on Helicobacter pylori infection, nutrition, and gastric atrophy. Methods We performed a retrospective study of patients who underwent routine endoscopy with indigo carmine chromoendoscopy and a comparative study was conducted between VG-positive and VG-negative groups. VG was subdivided into classical and numerous types based on the number and distribution of verrucous lesions. Demographic, clinical, and endoscopic data including body mass index (BMI), serum albumin and cholesterol, gastric atrophy, reflux oesophagitis, Barrett’s oesophagus, and H. pylori status were collected. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify factors associated with VG. Results We analysed the data of 621 patients undergoing routine endoscopy and found that VG (n = 352) was significantly associated with increased BMI (1.12 [1.05–1.18], P < 0.01), reflux esophagitis (1.96 [1.10–3.28], P < 0.01), and H. pylori negativity with or without a history of eradication (9.94 [6.00–16.47] and 6.12 [3.51–10.68], P < 0.001, respectively). Numerous-type (n = 163) VG was associated with both closed- and open-type gastric atrophy (9.9 [4.04–21.37] and 8.10 [3.41–19.24], P < 0.001, respectively). There were no statistical differences between groups regarding age, sex, total cholesterol, albumin, and bile-colored gastric juice. Conclusions Verrucous antral gastritis was related to increased BMI, reflux esophagitis, and H. pylori negativity. Numerous-type verrucous lesions were associated with gastric atrophy. These indicate that VG may be a physiological phenomenon due to high gastric acidity, mechanical overload, and vulnerability of background mucosa.

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Low Incidence of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children With Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Philadelphia

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.95.4.618 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 95 (4) ◽

pp. 618-618

Author(s):

Uwe Blecker ◽

Devendra I. Mehta ◽

Sophie Lanciers ◽

Idris D. Dahodwala ◽

Emanuel Lebenthal

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Young Children ◽

Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Antral Gastritis ◽

The World ◽

Low Incidence ◽

H Pylori

Reports from many parts of the world show that Helicobacter pylori infection is widely distributed geographically.1 Both chronic active (antral) gastritis and H pylori colonization are common, even in an asymptomatic population2 and H pylori gastritis has been recognized as an important cause for recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) in children.3 Although the prevalence of H pylori positivity increases with age,4 an important number of relatively young children have been shown to be already infected with this bacteria.5

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Tissue transglutaminase activity in human gastric mucosa according to Helicobacter pylori infection

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1177/1535370218819423 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 243 (15-16) ◽

pp. 1161-1164

Author(s):

Maria Pina Dore ◽

Giovanni Mario Pes ◽

Alessandra Errigo ◽

Alessandra Manca ◽

Giuseppe Realdi

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Animal Models ◽

Gastric Mucosa ◽

Natural History ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Human Gastric Mucosa ◽

Antral Mucosa ◽

History Of ◽

H Pylori

Tissue transglutaminase (t-TG) is a multifunctional protein involved in the healing of gastric erosions and ulcers in animal models. The aim of this study was to measure gastric t-TG activity in patients with dyspepsia according to Helicobacter pylori infection and cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA) subtype status. Patients undergoing upper endoscopy not taking any medications were enrolled. Tissue-TG activity was determined in homogenates of antral specimens using a radiometric assay and was expressed in pmol/mg. The cagA and vacA genotypes were determined by PCR amplification using gene-specific oligoprimers. Data from 46 patients were available (17 of them were positive for H. pylori). Antral t-TG activity was significantly increased in H. pylori positive patients compared to H. pylori negative patients (6437 ± 3691 vs. 3773 ± 1530 pmol/mg; P = 0.001) according to Mann–Whitney U test. Patients with H. pylori negative gastritis had higher t-TG activity than patients with normal gastric mucosa. The specimens infected with cagA positive strains (72%) displayed greater t-TG activity than cagA negative samples (7358 ± 4318 vs. 4895 ± 1062 pmol/mg; P = 0.237). Similarly, t-TG activity was higher in H. pylori vacA s1/m1 strains vs. vacA s1/m2 (7429 vs. 5045 pmol/mg; P = 0.744), and vacA s1/m1 vs. s2/m2 (7429 vs. 4489 pmol/mg; P = 0.651) but the results were not significant. No differences were found between histology, endoscopy features and t-TG activity. These results show that t-TG activity is significantly greater in gastritis associated with H. pylori infection, suggesting that this enzyme is induced by inflammation and may have an important role in the natural history of human gastritis. Impact statement Tissue transglutaminase (t-TG) is unique among TG enzymes because of its additional role in several physiological and pathological activities, including inflammation, fibrosis, and wound healing. The presence of t-TG has previously been described in the intestine of human and animal models, yet studies on t-TG activity in human gastric mucosa are missing. Helicobacter pylori infection is the major cause of gastritis and peptic ulcers. For the first time, our results show that t-TG activity was significantly higher in antral specimens of patients with chronic active gastritis associated with H. pylori infection compared to H. pylori negative chronic gastritis and normal antral mucosa. These findings suggest that t-TG has a role in the natural history of human gastritis, which requires further investigation but may be an avenue for new therapeutic options.

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Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Helicobacter pylori infection among children aged less than 18 years old in Duhok Province, Iraq

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences ◽

10.22317/jcms.v7i3.972 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Infection Rate ◽

Side Population ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Kurdistan Region ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of ◽

H Pylori

Objectives: Helicobacter pylori infection is predominantly acquired in early childhood and persists for decades before causing disease. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of H. pylori infection and identify potential factors associated with infection in Duhok province, Iraq. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Over a four-year period from 2016 to 2020, a total of 381 children aged four to 18 years who attended the hospitals and were evaluated for specific IgG antibodies against H. pylori using serological tests were included. A questionnaire was completed at the start of the study. H. pylori serology data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: The seroprevalence of H. pylori IgG-specific antibodies among the study participants was 31%. The infection rate significantly increased with increasing age of the participants (p<0.001), from 19.8% among four to five-year-olds to 42.9% among 16 and 18-year-olds. The infection rate was significantly higher in girls (35.9%) than that in boys (26.5%) (p<0.047). Infections were also higher among university students (41%; p<0.001), children from the country-side population (41%; p<0.001), children from crowded households (67.3%; p<0.001), and children with a history of gastrointestinal pain (44.4%; p>0.001). Conclusion. The prevalence rate of H. pylori infection among children in Duhok province is quite similar to that reported in previous studies in the Kurdistan region, Iraq, and increases with age. University attendance, history of gastrointestinal pain, countryside population, and overcrowding were risk factors associated with H. pylori infection. Valuable approaches to improve sanitary purposes and educational and socioeconomic status should be emphasized and promoted to reduce the risk of H. pylori infection among children.

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Natural history of helicobacter pylori infection from infancy to adulthood: A 21-year follow-up cohort study

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)80628-4 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A128-A128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H MALATY ◽

D GRAHAM ◽

A ELKASABANY ◽

S REDDY ◽

S SRINIVASAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Natural History ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

History Of

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric atrophy and the stages of the oesophageal inflammation, metaplasia, adenocarcinoma sequence: results from the FINBAR case-control study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1098164.554165 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Weimin Ye

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Gastric Atrophy ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Control Study

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Toxigenic Helicobacter pylori infection precedes gastric hypochlorhydria in cancer relatives, and H. pylori virulence evolves in these families.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1103709.560926 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Shafiqul A Sarker

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

H Pylori

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A High-Throughput Metabolic Microarray Assay Reveals Antibacterial Effects of Black and Red Raspberries and Blackberries against Helicobacter pylori Infection

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10070845 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 845

Author(s):

Candace Goodman ◽

Katrina N. Lyon ◽

Aitana Scotto ◽

Cyra Smith ◽

Thomas A. Sebrell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

High Throughput ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Antibacterial Effects ◽

Biolog System ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori infection is commonly treated with a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors. However, since H. pylori is becoming increasingly resistant to standard antibiotic regimens, novel treatment strategies are needed. Previous studies have demonstrated that black and red berries may have antibacterial properties. Therefore, we analyzed the antibacterial effects of black and red raspberries and blackberries on H. pylori. Freeze-dried powders and organic extracts from black and red raspberries and blackberries were prepared, and high-performance liquid chromatography was used to measure the concentrations of anthocyanins, which are considered the major active ingredients. To monitor antibiotic effects of the berry preparations on H. pylori, a high-throughput metabolic growth assay based on the Biolog system was developed and validated with the antibiotic metronidazole. Biocompatibility was analyzed using human gastric organoids. All berry preparations tested had significant bactericidal effects in vitro, with MIC90 values ranging from 0.49 to 4.17%. Antimicrobial activity was higher for extracts than powders and appeared to be independent of the anthocyanin concentration. Importantly, human gastric epithelial cell viability was not negatively impacted by black raspberry extract applied at the concentration required for complete bacterial growth inhibition. Our data suggest that black and red raspberry and blackberry extracts may have potential applications in the treatment and prevention of H. pylori infection but differ widely in their MICs. Moreover, we demonstrate that the Biolog metabolic assay is suitable for high-throughput antimicrobial susceptibility screening of H. pylori.

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