Prospective associations of plasma growth differentiation factor 15 with physical performance and cognitive functions in older adults

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingxiao He ◽  
Philipe de Souto Barreto ◽  
Juan Luis Sánchez Sánchez ◽  
Yves Rolland ◽  
Sophie Guyonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cognitive Score ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
One Year ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) has been associated with several age-related disorders, but its associations with functional abilities in community-dwelling older adults are not well studied. Methods The study was a secondary analysis on 1096 community-dwelling older adults (aged 69 to 94 years) recruited from the Multidomain Alzheimer’s Preventive Trial. Plasma GDF15 was measured one year after participants’ enrolment. Annual data of physical performance (grip strength and short physical performance battery [SPPB]) and global cognitive functions (mini-mental state examination [MMSE] and a composite cognitive score) were measured for four years. Adjusted mixed-effects linear models were performed for cross-sectional and longitudinal association analyses. Results A higher GDF15 was cross-sectionally associated with a weaker grip strength (β = -1.1E-03, 95%CI [-2.0E-03, -1.5E-04]), a lower SPPB score (β = -3.1E-04, 95%CI [-5.4E-04, -9.0E-05]) and worse cognitive functions (β = -2.4E-04, 95%CI [-3.3E-04, -1.6E-04] for composite cognitive score; β = -4.0E-04, 95%CI [-6.4E-04, -1.6E-04] for MMSE). Participants with higher GDF15 demonstrated greater longitudinal declines in SPPB (β = -1.0E-04, 95%CI [-1.7E-04, -2.0E-05]) and composite cognitive score (β = -2.0E-05, 95%CI [-4.0E-05, -3.6E-06]). The optimal initial GDF15 cutoff values for identifying participants with minimal clinically significant decline after one year were 2189 pg/mL for SPPB (AUC: 0.580) and 2330 pg/mL for composite cognitive score (AUC: 0.587). Conclusions Plasma GDF15 is cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with lower-limb physical performance and global cognitive function in older adults. Circulating GDF15 alone has limited capacity of discriminating older adults who will develop clinically significant functional declines.

Physical Performance Predictors for Incident Dementia Among Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
pp. 1132-1140
Author(s):  
Takehiko Doi ◽  
Kota Tsutsumimoto ◽  
Sho Nakakubo ◽  
Min-Ji Kim ◽  
Satoshi Kurita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Evaluating physical performance could facilitate dementia risk assessment. However, findings differ regarding which type of physical performance best predicts dementia. Objective The objective of this study was to examine the association between physical performance and incidence of dementia in Japanese community-dwelling older adults. Design This was a prospective study of community-dwelling older adults. Methods Of 14,313 invited individuals who were ≥ 65 years old, 5104 agreed to participate from 2011 to 2012, and 4086 (52% women; mean age = 72.0 years) met the criteria. Baseline assessments of the following physical performance indicators were obtained: grip strength, the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test, and the Timed “Up & Go” Test. The physical performance level in each test was categorized as C1 (highest), C2 (middle–high), C3 (middle–low), or C4 (lowest) on the basis of sex-stratified quartile values. Incident dementia status was obtained from medical records that were updated monthly. Results During follow-up (mean duration = 42.9 months), there were 243 incident cases of dementia (5.9%). Log-rank test results indicated that a lower physical performance level constituted a significant risk factor for dementia. After adjustment for covariates, Cox proportional hazards models (reference: highest physical performance level [C1]) demonstrated that the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test in the group with the lowest physical performance level (hazard ratio = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.10–2.59) was significantly associated with a risk of dementia. Likewise, the Timed “Up & Go” Test in the group with the lowest physical performance level (hazard ratio = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.01–2.35) was significantly associated with a risk of dementia. However, grip strength was not significantly associated with a risk of dementia. Limitations This study was limited by the use of medical record data. Conclusions A lower mobility-related physical performance level was associated with dementia risk. Dementia risk assessment should include an adequate evaluation of physical function.

scholarly journals Performance on sit-to-stand tests in relation to measures of functional fitness and sarcopenia diagnosis in community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianyang Sherman Yee ◽  
Yee Sien Ng ◽  
John Carson Allen ◽  
Aisyah Latib ◽  
Ee Ling Tay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Fitness Measures ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background The sit-to-stand (STS) test has been deployed as surrogate measures of strength or physical performance in sarcopenia diagnosis. This study examines the relationship of two common STS variants – Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (5TSTS) and 30 s Chair Stand Test (30CST) – with grip strength, muscle mass and functional measures, and their impact on sarcopenia prevalence in community-dwelling older adults. Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of 887 community-dwelling adults aged ≥50 years. Participants completed a battery of physical fitness tests - 5TSTS, 30CST, grip strength, gait speed, Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) for dynamic balance and six-minute walk test (6MWT) for cardiorespiratory endurance. Muscle mass was measured using multi-frequency segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). We performed correlation analysis between STS performance and other fitness measures and muscle mass, followed by multiple linear regression for the independent determinants of STS performance. Results Mean participant age was 67.3±7 years, with female predominance (72.9%). STS tests exhibited weak correlations with grip strength (30CST, r = 0.290; 5TSTS, r = − 0.242; both p< 0.01), and stronger correlations with gait speed (30CST, r = 0.517; 5TSTS, r = − 0.533; both p< 0.01), endurance (30CST, r = 0.558; 5TSTS, r = − 0.531; both p < 0.01) and dynamic balance (30CST, r = − 0.501; 5TSTS, r = 0.646; both p< 0.01). Muscle mass correlated with grip strength but not STS. In multiple regression analysis, all fitness measures were independently associated with 30CST performance. Performance in both STS tests remained independent of muscle mass. There was no significant difference in prevalence of possible sarcopenia diagnosis using grip strength or STS (30CST, 25.0%; 5TSTS, 22.1%; grip strength, 22.3%; p = 0.276). When both measures are used, prevalence is significantly higher (42.0%; p = 0.276). Prevalence of confirmed sarcopenia with inclusion of muscle mass was significantly lower using STS compared with grip strength (30CST, 4.6%; 5TSTS, 4.1% vs. grip strength, 7.1%; p< 0.05). Conclusion In the sarcopenia construct, STS tests better represents muscle physical performance rather than muscle strength. Different subsets of population with possible sarcopenia are identified depending on the test used. The lack of association of STS performance with muscle mass results in a lower prevalence of confirmed sarcopenia compared with grip strength, but may better reflect changes in muscle quality.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Tooth Loss and Sarcopenia in Chinese Suburban Community-dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
Jingru Wang ◽  
Peipei Han ◽  
Yuewen Liu ◽  
Weibo Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Suburban Community ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: Both sarcopenia and loss of teeth are associated with aging. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential relationships between tooth loss and sarcopenia and components of sarcopenia, including declining muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, in Chinese suburban community-dwelling older adults.Methods: The subjects were 1494 people over 60 years of age (average age: 71.64 ± 5.97 years；men, n=609) from Chongming District of Shanghai and Hangu District of Tianjin. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria were used to define sarcopenia. The three basic diagnostic components of sarcopenia (muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance) were assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, a grip strength test, and a four-meter walk test, respectively. The subjects were divided into groups depending on self-reported loss of teeth. Results: After adjusting for confounding variables, we found no correlation between tooth loss and sarcopenia or muscle mass. However, the walking speed of female participants with at least 10 teeth lost was 0.059 m/s slower than that of participants with fewer than 10 teeth lost (P＜0.001), and grip strength was 1.577 kg lower among male participants with at least 10 teeth lost than among males with fewer than 10 teeth lost (P =0.023).Conclusion: Our results suggest that tooth loss is negatively correlated with muscle strength in males and average walking speed in females. These results are consistent with the importance of good oral hygiene in preventing declines of physical performance in older adults.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Tooth Loss and Sarcopenia in Chinese Suburban Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
Jingru Wang ◽  
Peipei Han ◽  
Yuewen Liu ◽  
Weibo Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Suburban Community ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: Both sarcopenia and loss of teeth are associated with aging. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential relationships between tooth loss and sarcopenia and components of sarcopenia, including declining muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, in Chinese suburban community-dwelling older adults.Methods: The subjects were 1494 people over 60 years of age (average age: 71.64 ± 5.97 years；men, n=609) from Chongming District of Shanghai and Hangu District of Tianjin. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria were used to define sarcopenia. The three basic diagnostic components of sarcopenia (muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance) were assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, a grip strength test, and a four-meter walk test, respectively. The subjects were divided into groups depending on self-reported loss of teeth. Results: After adjusting for confounding variables, we found no correlation between tooth loss and sarcopenia or muscle mass. However, the walking speed of female participants with at least 10 teeth lost was 0.059 m/s slower than that of participants with fewer than 10 teeth lost (P＜0.001), and grip strength was 1.577 kg lower among male participants with at least 10 teeth lost than among males with fewer than 10 teeth lost (P =0.023).Conclusion: Our results suggest that tooth loss is negatively correlated with muscle strength in males and average walking speed in females. These results are consistent with the importance of good oral hygiene in preventing declines of physical performance in older adults.

Does physical performance and muscle strength predict future personal and nursing care services in community-dwelling older adults aged 75+?

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482097909
Author(s):  
Jonathan Vaarst ◽  
Eleanor Boyle ◽  
Sonja Vestergaard ◽  
Lars G. Hvid ◽  
Elsa S. Strotmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Short Physical Performance Battery ◽  
Home Nursing ◽  
Home Nursing Care ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate if grip strength or the short physical performance battery could predict the rate of receiving two different types of home care services: (a) personal care and (b) home nursing care for community-dwelling older adults aged 75+ years. Methods: A secondary data analysis of a prospective cohort study including 323 community-dwelling older adults. Measures of grip strength and the short physical performance battery were incorporated in a nationally regulated preventive home visit programme. Referral to personal and home nursing care were obtained from an administrative database with an average follow-up of 4.1 years. The rate of receiving the individual home care services and the study measures were determined using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models controlling for a priori selected covariates (age, sex, living status, obesity, smoking and prior use of home care). Results: The mean age was 81.7 years with 58.8% being women. The rate of receiving personal care differed between the short physical performance battery groups but not between the grip strength groups after adjusting for all covariates with hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.90 (1.29–2.81) and 1.41 (0.95–2.08), respectively. The rate of receiving home nursing care differed between both the short physical performance battery and grip strength groups after adjusting for all covariates with hazard ratios of 2.03 (1.41–2.94) and 1.48 (1.01–2.16), respectively. Conclusions: The short physical performance battery was associated with the rate of receiving both personal care and home nursing care. The short physical performance battery can be used to predict home care needs of community-dwelling older adults aged 75+ years.

scholarly journals Impact of Malnutrition Status on Muscle Parameter Changes over a 5-Year Follow-Up of Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the SarcoPhAge Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Laetitia Lengelé ◽  
Olivier Bruyère ◽  
Charlotte Beaudart ◽  
Jean-Yves Reginster ◽  
Médéa Locquet
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
P Values ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study aimed to assess the impact of malnutrition on the 5-year evolution of physical performance, muscle mass and muscle strength in participants from the SarcoPhAge cohort, consisting of community-dwelling older adults. The malnutrition status was assessed at baseline (T0) according to the “Global Leadership Initiatives on Malnutrition” (GLIM) criteria, and the muscle parameters were evaluated both at T0 and after five years of follow-up (T5). Lean mass, muscle strength and physical performance were assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip dynamometry, the short physical performance battery test and the timed up and go test, respectively. Differences in muscle outcomes according to nutritional status were tested using Student’s t-test. The association between malnutrition and the relative 5-year change in the muscle parameters was tested using multiple linear regressions adjusted for several covariates. A total of 411 participants (mean age of 72.3 ± 6.1 years, 56% women) were included. Of them, 96 individuals (23%) were diagnosed with malnutrition at baseline. Their muscle parameters were significantly lower than those of the well-nourished patients both at baseline and after five years of follow-up (all p-values < 0.05), except for muscle strength in women at T5, which was not significantly lower in the presence of malnutrition. However, the 5-year changes in muscle parameters of malnourished individuals were not significantly different than those of well-nourished individuals (all p-values > 0.05).

Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score as a discriminator of dynapenic abdominal obesity among community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-472
Author(s):  
Elane Priscila Rosa dos Santos ◽  
Caroline Fátima Ribeiro Silva ◽  
Daniela Gonçalves Ohara ◽  
Areolino Pena Matos ◽  
Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Short Physical Performance Battery ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Associations between elevated growth differentiation factor-15 and sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miji Kim ◽  
Jeremy D Walston ◽  
Chang Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽  
Differentiation Factor ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Analyses

Abstract Background Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is associated with disease progression, mitochondrial dysfunction, and mortality. Elevated GDF-15 level was recently reported to be associated with poorer physical performance in healthy adults. However, the association between serum GDF-15 level and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults has not been well characterized. Methods We conducted cross-sectional (n = 929) and two-year prospective analyses (n = 788) among participants aged 70–84 years enrolled in the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Participants with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 were excluded. Appendicular lean mass was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Sarcopenia status was determined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia-2019 algorithm. Results At baseline, 16.6% of the participants had sarcopenia. Median GDF-15 concentration was higher in the sarcopenic group than in the non-sarcopenic group (1221 pg/mL vs. 1019 pg/mL, p&lt;0.001). In the multivariate analysis adjusted for cardiometabolic risk and biological factors, the highest GDF-15 tertile (≥1245 pg/mL) had an increased likelihood of sarcopenia (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–3.33) than the lowest tertile (&lt;885 pg/mL). During the two-year follow-up period, 67 (10.1%) individuals without sarcopenia at baseline developed sarcopenia. There were no significant associations between baseline serum GDF-15 levels and incident sarcopenia or its components (all p&gt;0.05). Conclusions Elevated GDF-15 was associated with prevalent sarcopenia but not able to predict incident sarcopenia in the 2-year follow-up. Further studies are needed to explore the pathophysiological roles of GDF-15 in the development of sarcopenia.

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