Associations between elevated growth differentiation factor-15 and sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miji Kim ◽  
Jeremy D Walston ◽  
Chang Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽  
Differentiation Factor ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Analyses

Abstract Background Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is associated with disease progression, mitochondrial dysfunction, and mortality. Elevated GDF-15 level was recently reported to be associated with poorer physical performance in healthy adults. However, the association between serum GDF-15 level and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults has not been well characterized. Methods We conducted cross-sectional (n = 929) and two-year prospective analyses (n = 788) among participants aged 70–84 years enrolled in the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Participants with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 were excluded. Appendicular lean mass was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Sarcopenia status was determined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia-2019 algorithm. Results At baseline, 16.6% of the participants had sarcopenia. Median GDF-15 concentration was higher in the sarcopenic group than in the non-sarcopenic group (1221 pg/mL vs. 1019 pg/mL, p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis adjusted for cardiometabolic risk and biological factors, the highest GDF-15 tertile (≥1245 pg/mL) had an increased likelihood of sarcopenia (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–3.33) than the lowest tertile (<885 pg/mL). During the two-year follow-up period, 67 (10.1%) individuals without sarcopenia at baseline developed sarcopenia. There were no significant associations between baseline serum GDF-15 levels and incident sarcopenia or its components (all p>0.05). Conclusions Elevated GDF-15 was associated with prevalent sarcopenia but not able to predict incident sarcopenia in the 2-year follow-up. Further studies are needed to explore the pathophysiological roles of GDF-15 in the development of sarcopenia.

Life satisfaction and frailty in community-based older adults: cross-sectional and prospective analyses

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1709-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. St John ◽  
Suzanne L. Tyas ◽  
Patrick R. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Analyses

ABSTRACTBackground:Frailty may be associated with reduced life satisfaction (LS). The objectives of this paper are to determine if (1) frailty is associated with LS in community-dwelling older adults in cross-sectional analyses; (2) frailty predicts LS five years later; and (3) specific domains of LS are preferentially associated with frailty.Methods:This paper presents analysis of an existing population-based cohort study of 1,751 persons aged 65+ who were assessed in 1991, with follow-up five years later. LS was measured using the terrible–delightful scale, which measures overall LS and LS in specific domains. Frailty was measured using the Brief Frailty Instrument. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, education, and marital status.Results:Frailty was associated with overall LS at time 1 and predicted overall LS at time 2. This was seen in unadjusted analyses and after adjusting for confounding factors. Frailty was associated with all domains of LS at time 1, and predicted LS at time 2 in all domains except housing and self-esteem. However, the effect was stronger for LS with health than with other domains for both times 1 and 2.Conclusions:Frailty is associated with LS, and the effect is strongest for LS with health.

scholarly journals Higher Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels Are Associated With a Lower Risk of Cognitive Decline: A 2-Year Follow Up Study in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Fujiwara ◽  
Kazushige Ihara ◽  
Mitsugu Hachisu ◽  
Hiroyuki Suzuki ◽  
Hisashi Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Bottom Quartile ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Serum Bdnf

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels with the subsequent short-term decline in cognitive functioning in community-dwelling older adults.DesignTwo-year prospective, observational study.Setting and ParticipantsThe study included 405 adults aged 65–84 years, initially free of a dementia diagnosis who were living in Tokyo, Japan.MethodsParticipants underwent health assessments at baseline (2011) and follow-up (2013). Serum BDNF levels and scores from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Japanese version (MoCA-J) were systematically measured. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of cognitive decline between baseline and follow-up assessments in the full MoCA-J scale (operationally defined as a decrease of two or more points), as well as in MoCA-J subscales (decline of one or more points in a specific subscale), as a function of serum BDNF level, adjusting for baseline demographics, prevalent chronic diseases, and baseline cognitive scores.ResultsAmong individuals who performed worse on the full MoCA-J at baseline (i.e., scores in the bottom quartile [≤21], which is consistent with a mild cognitive impairment status), but not among those who performed better (top 3 quartiles), those with highest baseline serum BDNF levels (top quartile) had lower odds of subsequent decline in the full MoCA-J scale than those with lowest (bottom quartile); i.e., odds ratio (OR): 0.10 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02–0.62; p = 0.013). Regarding MoCA-J subscales, adjusted odds of decline in the executive function subscale, but not in the other five subscales, were substantially low among those with highest baseline serum BDNF levels (top quartile), as compared to those with the lowest (bottom quartile), i.e., OR: 0.27 (95% CI:0.13–0.60; p < 0.001).Conclusion and ImplicationsHigher serum BDNF levels were associated with a lower risk of decline in cognitive function in a sample of community-dwelling older Japanese adults. Risk varied across cognitive subdomains and according to baseline cognition. This warrants further research to evaluate the added-value of serum BDNF in health promotion initiatives directed toward cognitive decline prevention in community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Short daytime napping reduces the risk of cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults: a 5-year longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Kitamura ◽  
Yumi Watanabe ◽  
Kazutoshi Nakamura ◽  
Chikako Takano ◽  
Naomi Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Daytime Nap ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Beneficial effects of napping on cognition have been suggested in cross-sectional studies. This study aimed to clarify longitudinal associations between cognitive decline and sleep characteristics, particularly daytime napping, over a 5-year period in older adults. Methods Study participants were 389 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years living in Ojiya City, Niigata, Japan. Baseline and follow-up examinations were conducted in 2011–2013 and 2016–2018, respectively. Trained nurses visited and interviewed participants to collect the following information at baseline and follow-up: demographic characteristics, disease history, lifestyle habits including bedtime, sleeping hours, and daytime nap duration, and cognitive function. The assessment of cognitive function was performed using the revised Hasegawa’s dementia scale (HDS-R), with cognitive decline defined as a change in the HDS-R of ≤ − 3 over 5 years. Odds ratios (ORs) for cognitive decline were calculated using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Mean age of participants was 74.6 years (SD 6.4), and the cumulative incidence of cognitive decline was 106/389 (27.3%). The adjusted OR for 1–29 min daytime napping was significantly lower compared to that for no napping (OR = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.23–0.96). Earlier bedtime was associated with cognitive decline (adjusted P for trend = 0.0480). Conclusion Short daytime napping (< 30 min) reduces the risk of cognitive decline over 5 years for community-dwelling older people. A future study will be necessary to confirm the effect of short napping on the reduction of risk for clinically diagnosed dementia.

Association of growth differentiation factor 15 with other key biomarkers, functional parameters and mortality in community-dwelling older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietrich Rothenbacher ◽  
Dhayana Dallmeier ◽  
Hannes Christow ◽  
Wolfgang Koenig ◽  
Michael Denkinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽  
Functional Parameters ◽  
Differentiation Factor ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Differences in the Effect of Free Testosterone on Sarcopenia Components in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Eun Shin ◽  
Jeremy D. Walston ◽  
Miji Kim ◽  
Chang Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

ObjectiveThe association of free testosterone (FT) with sarcopenia and its components is well known in men but incompletely understood in women. We examined the association of baseline FT with the prevalence and incidence of sarcopenia and its components in community-dwelling older adults.DesignCross-sectional and longitudinal analysis from the prospective population-based Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.MethodsA total of 1,879 community-dwelling older adults aged 70–84 years were enrolled for cross-sectional analysis and 1,583 subjects who participated in the 2-year follow-up survey were included for longitudinal analysis. Baseline FT levels was measured by radioimmunoassay. Skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, and physical performance tests were measured at baseline and after 2-year follow-up. Sarcopenia was defined by the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS).ResultsContinuous FT levels was positively associated with the prevalence of sarcopenia in men (odds ratio [OR]=0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.89–1.00)] and women (OR=0.64, 95% CI=0.42–0.99) after adjusting for multiple confounders. In prospective analysis, low FT levels was associated with a decrease in handgrip strength in women (β=-0.61; p=0.010) and a reduction in Timed “Up and Go” (TUG) test (β=0.53; p=0.008) in men after 2 years. No significant correlations were found between FT levels and the incidence of sarcopenia.ConclusionsLow levels of FT may be a significant determinant of decreases in muscle strength in women and declines in physical performance in men after 2 years. Low FT do not predict loss of muscle mass in both men and women.

scholarly journals Elevated Growth Differentiation Factor-15 Is a Biomarker of Sarcopenia in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
Miji Kim ◽  
Chang Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽  
Differentiation Factor ◽  
Median Serum ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Healthy Community ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is associated with disease progression, mitochondrial dysfunction and mortality. Elevated GDF-15 level was recently reported to be associated with poorer physical performance in healthy community-dwelling adults. However, the relationship between serum GDF-15 concentration and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults has not been well characterized. We analyzed 929 participants (mean age 75.9±8.9 years, 48.0% men) from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study who underwent assessment of serum GDF-15 concentration and sarcopenia. Participants with an estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m2 were excluded from this analysis. Sarcopenia status was determined as per the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 guidelines. As per the AWGS 2019 algorithm, 154 (16.6%) participants in the study population were classified as having sarcopenia. Median serum GDF-15 concentration was elevated in the sarcopenic group vs. the non-sarcopenic group (920 vs. 793 pg/ml, p&lt;0.001). In the multivariate analysis adjusted for potential confounders, the highest GDF-15 tertile (≥1245 pg/ml) was associated with a higher risk of sarcopenia vs. the lowest tertile (&lt;885 pg/ml) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15–3.31). This association remained unchanged (OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.14–3.23) after further adjustment for potential biomarkers (myostatin, dehydroepiandrosterone, and insulin-like growth factor-1). The OR per unit increase in log-transformed GDF-15 concentration was 3.59 (95% CI 1.21–10.70). To conclude, our results suggest that higher circulating GDF-15 concentration was independently associated with a greater risk of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Serum GDF-15 concentration can be a promising biomarker for sarcopenia

scholarly journals Do Communication Patterns Affect the Association between Cognitive Impairment and Hearing Loss among Older Adults in Vietnam?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1603
Author(s):  
Tran Dai Tri Han ◽  
Keiko Nakamura ◽  
Kaoruko Seino ◽  
Vo Nu Hong Duc ◽  
Thang Van Vo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study examined the prevalence of cognitive impairment among older adults in central Vietnam and the roles of communication (with or without communication devices) in the association between cognitive impairment and hearing loss. This cross-sectional study was performed on 725 randomly selected community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years from Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. Participants attended a face-to-face survey. Sociodemographic characteristics, social interaction with or without communication devices, health status and cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination were reported. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to quantify the association between hearing loss and cognitive function by frequency of communication with and without devices. Mild and severe cognitive impairment had prevalence rates of 23.6% and 19.3%, respectively. Cognitive impairment was more prevalent among older adults with hearing-loss, vision loss and difficulties with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment was not significant when older adults had frequent communication with others using devices. This study presented the relatively high prevalence of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Vietnam. Frequent communication using devices attenuated the association between hearing loss and cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Bidirectional Relationship Between Subjective Age and Frailty: Findings From the NHATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 271-271
Author(s):  
Yuxiao Li ◽  
Minhui Liu ◽  
Christina Miyawaki ◽  
Xiaocao Sun ◽  
Tianxue Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Frailty is a clinical syndrome that becomes increasingly common as people age. Subjective age refers to how young or old individuals experience themselves to be. It is associated with many risk factors of frailty, such as increased depression, worse cognitive function, and poorer psychological wellbeing. In this study, we examined the relationship between subjective age and frailty using the 2011-2015 waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Participants were community-dwelling older adults without frailty in the initial wave (N=1,165). Subjective age was measured by asking participants, “What age do you feel most of the time?” Based on the Fried five phenotypic criteria: exhaustion, unintentional weight loss, low physical activity, slow gait, and weak grip strength, frailty was categorized into robust=0, pre-frail=1 or 2; frail=3 or more criteria met. Participants were, on average, 74.1±6.5 years old, female (52%), and non-Hispanic White (81%). Eighty-five percent of the participants felt younger, and 3% felt older than their chronological age, but 41% of them were pre-frail/frail. Generalized estimating equations revealed that an “older” subjective age predicted a higher likelihood of pre-frailty and frailty (OR, 95%CI= 1.01, 1.01-1.02). In contrast, frailty predicted an “older” subjective age (OR, 95%CI= 2.97, 1.65-5.35) adjusting for demographics and health conditions. These findings suggest a bidirectional relationship between subjective age and frailty. Older people who feel younger than their chronological age are at reduced risk of becoming pre-frail/frail. Intervention programs to delay frailty progression should include strategies that may help older adults perceive a younger subjective age.

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