scholarly journals The Role of Ames Dwarfism and Calorie Restriction on Gut Microbiota

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. e1-e8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise S Wiesenborn ◽  
Eric J C Gálvez ◽  
Lina Spinel ◽  
Berta Victoria ◽  
Brittany Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ames Dwarf ◽  
Complex Ecosystem

Abstract The gut microbiome (GM) represents a large and very complex ecosystem of different microorganisms. There is an extensive interest in the potential role of the GM in different diseases including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and aging. The GM changes over the lifespan and is strongly associated with various age-related diseases. Ames dwarf (df/df) mice are characterized by an extended life- and healthspan, and although these mice are protected from many age-related diseases, their microbiome has not been studied. To determine the role of microbiota on longevity animal models, we investigated the changes in the GM of df/df and normal control (N) mice, by comparing parents before mating and littermate mice at three distinct time points during early life. Furthermore, we studied the effects of a 6-month calorie restriction (CR), the most powerful intervention extending the lifespan. Our data revealed significant changes of the GM composition during early life development, and we detected differences in the abundance of some bacteria between df/df and N mice, already in early life. Overall, the variability of the microbiota by genotype, time-point, and breeding pair showed significant differences. In addition, CR caused significant changes in microbiome according to gastrointestinal (GI) location (distal colon, ileum, and cecum), genotype, and diet. However, the overall impact of the genotype was more prominent than that of the CR. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the gut microbiota plays an important role during postnatal development in long-living df/df mice and CR dietary regimen can significantly modulate the GM.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF LIFE-EXTENDING MUTATION AND DIETARY INTERVENTION ON GUT MICROBIOTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S834-S834
Author(s):  
Michal Masternak ◽  
Denise S Wiesenborn ◽  
Augusto Schneider ◽  
Till Strowig ◽  
Karl –Herbert Schafer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ames Dwarf ◽  
Feeding Regimen ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The gastrointestinal microbiota represents a large and complex ecological system of different microorganisms. Recently, there is an increasing interest in the impact of microbiota on development of different age-related diseases. We tested the changes of gut microbiota during development in long-living Ames dwarf (df/df) mice and we compared the effects of this life-extending mutation with the impact of calorie restriction (CR). Importantly, the analysis of microbiome showed significant differences in the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes when comparing df/df and normal (N) mice (p<0.001). The LefSe analysis showed distinct microbiome distribution between CR and ad libitum (AL) feeding regimen in N animals (p<0.004), yet there was lack of similar changes in response to CR in df/df mice. In summary, our study showed significant genotype impact on gut microbiota and we showed that life-extending CR regimen provide divergent effects on gut microbiota in N when comparing with df/df mice.

scholarly journals The Role of Diet, Micronutrients and the Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Perspectives from the Gut-Retina Axis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Rinninella ◽  
Maria Cristina Mele ◽  
Nicolò Merendino ◽  
Marco Cintoni ◽  
Gaia Anselmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex multifactorial disease and the primary cause of legal and irreversible blindness among individuals aged >=65 years in developed countries. Globally, it affects 30-50 million individuals, with an estimated increase of approximately 200 million by 2020 and approximately 300 million by 2040. Currently, the neovascular form may be able to be treated with the use of anti-VEGF drugs, while no effective treatments are available for the dry form. Many observational studies, such as AREDS-1 and AREDS 2, have shown a potential role of micronutrient supplementation in lowering the risk of progression of the early stages of AMD. Recently, low-grade inflammation, sustained by dysbiosis and a leaky gut, has been shown to contribute to the development of AMD. Given the ascertained influence of the gut microbiota in systemic low-grade inflammation and its potential modulation by macro- and micro-nutrients, a potential role of diet in AMD has been proposed. This review discusses the role of the gut microbiota in the development of AMD. Using PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, we searched for recent scientific evidence discussing the impact of dietary habits (high fat and high glucose or fructose diets), micronutrients (vitamins C, E, and D, zinc, beta-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin) and omega-3 fatty acids on the modulation of the gut microbiota and their relationship with AMD risk and progression.

scholarly journals The Role of Diet, Micronutrients and the Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Perspectives from the Gut–Retina Axis

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Rinninella ◽  
Maria Mele ◽  
Nicolò Merendino ◽  
Marco Cintoni ◽  
Gaia Anselmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex multifactorial disease and the primary cause of legal and irreversible blindness among individuals aged ≥65 years in developed countries. Globally, it affects 30–50 million individuals, with an estimated increase of approximately 200 million by 2020 and approximately 300 million by 2040. Currently, the neovascular form may be able to be treated with the use of anti-VEGF drugs, while no effective treatments are available for the dry form. Many studies, such as the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and AREDS 2, have shown a potential role of micronutrient supplementation in lowering the risk of progression of the early stages of AMD. Recently, low-grade inflammation, sustained by dysbiosis and a leaky gut, has been shown to contribute to the development of AMD. Given the ascertained influence of the gut microbiota in systemic low-grade inflammation and its potential modulation by macro- and micro-nutrients, a potential role of diet in AMD has been proposed. This review discusses the role of the gut microbiota in the development of AMD. Using PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, we searched for recent scientific evidence discussing the impact of dietary habits (high-fat and high-glucose or -fructose diets), micronutrients (vitamins C, E, and D, zinc, beta-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin) and omega-3 fatty acids on the modulation of the gut microbiota and their relationship with AMD risk and progression.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota influence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Cunningham ◽  
J. W. Stephens ◽  
D. A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Human Metabolism ◽  
Altered Glucose

AbstractA strong and expanding evidence base supports the influence of gut microbiota in human metabolism. Altered glucose homeostasis is associated with altered gut microbiota, and is clearly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications. Understanding the causal association between gut microbiota and metabolic risk has the potential role of identifying susceptible individuals to allow early targeted intervention.

scholarly journals Role of IgA in the early-life establishment of the gut microbiota and immunity: Implications for constructing a healthy start

Gut Microbes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Jielong Guo ◽  
Chenglong Ren ◽  
Xue Han ◽  
Weidong Huang ◽  
Yilin You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Healthy Start

The potential role of gut microbiota in pancreatic disease: A systematic review

Pancreatology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 867-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Memba ◽  
Sinead N. Duggan ◽  
Hazel M. Ni Chonchubhair ◽  
Oonagh M. Griffin ◽  
Yasir Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Pancreatic Disease

Potential Role of Gut Microbiota in ALS Pathogenesis and Possible Novel Therapeutic Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. S68-S70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Mazzini ◽  
Luca Mogna ◽  
Fabiola De Marchi ◽  
Angela Amoruso ◽  
Marco Pane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

scholarly journals The application of omics techniques to understand the role of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481882225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Segal ◽  
Benjamin H. Mullish ◽  
Mohammed Nabil Quraishi ◽  
Animesh Acharjee ◽  
Horace R. T. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Compositional Changes

The aetiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) involves the complex interaction between a patient’s genetic predisposition, environment, gut microbiota and immune system. Currently, however, it is not known if the distinctive perturbations of the gut microbiota that appear to accompany both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the cause of, or the result of, the intestinal inflammation that characterizes IBD. With the utilization of novel systems biology technologies, we can now begin to understand not only details about compositional changes in the gut microbiota in IBD, but increasingly also the alterations in microbiota function that accompany these. Technologies such as metagenomics, metataxomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabonomics are therefore allowing us a deeper understanding of the role of the microbiota in IBD. Furthermore, the integration of these systems biology technologies through advancing computational and statistical techniques are beginning to understand the microbiome interactions that both contribute to health and diseased states in IBD. This review aims to explore how such systems biology technologies are advancing our understanding of the gut microbiota, and their potential role in delineating the aetiology, development and clinical care of IBD.

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