scholarly journals Relation Orientation and Ageism: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Between Chinese and Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 847-847
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Attitudes Toward Older Adults

Abstract Attitudes toward older adults were negatively associated with ageism. However, whether this association is universal or cultural specific remained unknown. On the basis of well-documented cultural difference in relation orientation between westerners and easterners, this study aimed to investigate whether participants of different cultural background would show different association between ageism and attitudes toward close vs. non-close older adults in a sample of 211 Chinese (Mean age = 33.27) and 241 American (Mean age = 34.56) younger adults. Multiple regressions were conducted, and as expected, attitudes toward older adults (of different relation orientation) were found to be associated with ageism differently in two cultures. For American participants, attitudes toward both close and non-close older adults significantly correlated with ageism, while only attitudes toward close older adults were significant predictors of ageism in Chinese sample. This result had important implications for understanding and intervening ageism with people of different culture background.

A New Visual Aesthetic Sensitivity Test (VAST): II. Cross-Cultural Comparison between England and Japan

1979 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 859-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Iwawaki ◽  
H. J. Eysenck ◽  
K. O. Götz
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Aesthetic Appreciation ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Japanese Students ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
English Students

A comparison was made of the scores of 171 Japanese boys and 156 Japanese girls, and of 204 English boys and 165 English girls, on the Visual Aesthetic Sensitivity Test. Also compared were 145 male and 163 female Japanese students, with 38 male and 73 female English students. Japanese children had scores significantly higher than English children, while Japanese students had scores significantly lower than English students. There was little evidence of age increments in score for either group of children. Difficulty levels of the 42 item-pairs were very similar in the two cultures, as were internal (split-half) reliabilities. It is concluded that cultural differences between the two countries, as far as visual aesthetic appreciation is concerned, seem at best minimal.

Physical Educators’ Concerns about Integrating Children with Disabilities: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Lienert ◽  
Claudine Sherrill ◽  
Bettye Myers
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Personal Management

The purpose was to conduct a qualitative cross-cultural comparison of the concerns of physical educators in two countries about integration of children with and without disabilities. In-depth interviews were held with 30 regular elementary physical education teachers in Berlin (7 males, 9 females) and in the Dallas-Ft. Worth (DFW) area (2 males, 12 females), and observations were made of school settings. The Concerns-Based Adoption Model (CBAM) of Hall, Wallace, and Dossett (1973) guided the study. Data were analyzed by grounded theory procedures. Many concerns about integration were generalizable across cultures. In both countries, teachers reported concerns at only four of the seven stages of CBAM: personal, management, consequence, and collaboration. Most concerns focused on management. The major cultural difference was that DFW teachers reported more personal concerns (uncertainty about everyday demands and competence to meet these demands) than Berlin teachers. A dynamic systems model was proposed to guide future research.

scholarly journals Cross-Cultural Comparison of Relationships between Empathy and Implicit Theories of Emotions (in Chinese and Russians)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kornilova ◽  
Qiuqi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Theories Of Emotions

The current manuscript presents the results of a cross-cultural comparison of the relationships between empathy and implicit theories of emotion in individuals from China and Russia. We hypothesized that the members of the Chinese culture would differ from the more Western Russian participants in terms of relationships between the various components of the emotional domain. Thus, we aimed to identify latent personality profiles while hypothesizing that the Chinese sample would demonstrate more prominent links between empathy and implicit theories regarding the possibility of controlling emotions. We also assumed that immediate social context could affect the results, and therefore, we compare two groups of Chinese participants—those living in China and those living in Russia, predominantly studying in Russian universities. The initial sample included Russians (N = 523), Chinese living in Russia (N = 376), and Chinese living in China (N = 423). However, following matching procedures to enable the sociodemographic comparability of samples, the final comparison was reduced to a final sample of Russians (N = 400), a sample of Chinese living in Russia (N = 363), and a sample of Chinese living in China (N = 421). We used latent class analysis and correlation analyses to test the study hypotheses. The study found that, unlike Russians, the Chinese participants demonstrated a positive correlation between incremental implicit theories of emotions and empathy. We also established significant group and gender differences. Russian women reported higher affective empathy than men, whereas Chinese women demonstrated higher affective empathy and cognitive empathy, as well as incremental implicit theories of emotion.

scholarly journals SUCCESSFUL AGING: CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON OF OLDER ADULTS’ LAY PERSPECTIVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 167-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Jensen ◽  
K Claunch ◽  
M Verdeja ◽  
M Dungan ◽  
M Goates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Lay Perspectives
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