scholarly journals Sarcopenic Obesity in Older Adults: Findings From the National Health and Aging Trends Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 617-618
Author(s):  
Kathleen Dondero ◽  
Jason Falvey ◽  
Brock Beamer ◽  
Odessa Addison
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
European Working ◽  
National Burden ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Sarcopenic obesity increases risk for dysmobility and loss of independence, (Gandham et al., 2021). However, the national burden of sarcopenic obesity and the resultant impacts for older adults has yet to be described. Within a nationally representative sample from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), 2066 community-dwelling older adults were obese, representing 12,136,374 individuals in the United States, or 31.8% of all community dwelling older adults. Based on the European Working Group definition, 18% of the obese older adults were sarcopenic. Sarcopenic obese older adults were more likely to have fallen in the last month and been hospitalized over the prior year. After adjusting for age and sex, sarcopenic obese older adults were 3.7 times more likely (95% CI 2.2-5.0) to have 2 or more comorbid conditions and frailty was 6.4 times more likely (95% CI 4.4-9.5) compared to nonsarcopenic obese older adults. Sarcopenic obese older adults were also more likely to have 1+ ADL disabilities (OR 3.7; 95% CI 2.5-5.4). Further, they were more likely to be socially isolated (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.3-3.2) and report food insecurity (OR 1.5; 95% CI 0.8-2.9). These findings suggest older adults with obesity and sarcopenia have higher rates of geriatric vulnerabilities, which might indicate a need for caution when recommending weight loss alone as an intervention. A more comprehensive intervention may be necessary to address social and physiological risks. Future studies should examine whether early intervention in sarcopenic obese older adults can reduce chronic health risk and preserve independence.

Heart Failure and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the United States—1999 to 2018: Data From National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110616
Author(s):  
Yaewon Seo ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Donelle Barnes ◽  
Surendra Barshikar
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

To examine the associations of heart failure (HF) with five domains of disability while controlling for covariates. Subjects with HF and aged ≥ 50 years were selected from the 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Five domains of disability were measured with 19 physical tasks. Logistic regression with adjustment for covariates was conducted. The prevalence of HF in 27,185 adults aged ≥ 50 years was 6.37%. After controlling for demographics and smoking, logistic regression showed that HF was associated with 2.8 to 3.4 times increased odds of all domains of disability compared to adults without HF, but with additional adjustments of covariates, the association was attenuated indicating the mediating effects of covariates. The future study may examine the mediating effects of covariates when intervening difficulties with lower extremity mobility and activities of daily living while considering in community-dwelling older adults with HF.

scholarly journals Social Isolation and Hospitalization Risk Factors Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 95-95
Author(s):  
J Mary Louise Pomeroy ◽  
Gilbert Gimm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract PURPOSE: This study examines psychosocial risk factors associated with hospitalization among community-dwelling older adults in the United States. METHODS: Using two waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study from 2011 and 2015, we conducted descriptive and multivariate analyses of individual-level data from a nationally representative sample of 8,003 Medicare beneficiaries ages 65 and older. Associations between hospitalization and risk factors including social isolation, depression, and anxiety were assessed. Covariates included gender, race/ethnicity, age, region, insurance type, falls, and comorbidities. RESULTS: Overall, about 20.9% of older adults reported a hospitalization within the past year and 22.2% were socially isolated. The odds of hospitalization were higher for socially isolated adults (OR 1.17; p = .02), for depressed adults (OR 1.25; p = .01), and for individuals with anxiety (OR 1.25; p = .02). Individuals living in the Western region had lower odds of hospitalization (OR 0.71; p = .001), whereas men (OR 1.13; p = .03), those requiring assistance with activities of daily living (OR 1.48; p < .001), and those having one (OR 1.41; p = .03) or more (OR 3.05; p < .001) chronic health conditions had higher odds of hospitalization. CONCLUSION: Social isolation, depression, and anxiety represent significant psychosocial risk factors for hospitalization among community-dwelling older adults in the United States. Efforts to reduce health care costs and improve health outcomes for older adults should explore ways to strengthen social integration and improve mental health.

Predictors of Emergency Preparedness Among Older Adults in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Anne Bell ◽  
Dianne Singer ◽  
Erica Solway ◽  
Mattias Kirch ◽  
Jeffrey Kullgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Power Outage ◽  
Evacuation Plans ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Hispanic White

ABSTRACT Objectives: Emergency preparedness becomes more important with increased age, as older adults are at heightened risk for harm from disasters. In this study, predictors of preparedness actions and confidence in preparedness among older adults in the United States were assessed. Methods: This nationally representative survey polled community-dwelling older adults ages 50-80 y (n = 2256) about emergency preparedness and confidence in addressing different types of emergencies. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of reported emergency preparedness actions and confidence in addressing emergencies. Results: Participants’ mean age was 62.4 y (SD = 8); 52% were female, and 71% were non-Hispanic white. Living alone was associated with lower odds of having a 7-d supply of food and water (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56-0.96), a stocked emergency kit (aOR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.47-0.86), and having had conversations with family or friends about evacuation plans (aOR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.44-0.78). Use of equipment requiring electricity was associated with less confidence in addressing a power outage lasting more than 24 h (aOR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.47-0.94), as was use of mobility aids (OR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.45-0.93). Conclusions: These results point to the need for tailored interventions to support emergency preparedness for older adults, particularly among those who live alone and use medical equipment requiring electricity.

scholarly journals Driving Status and Transportation Disadvantage Among Medicare Beneficiaries

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 935-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Ryvicker ◽  
Evan Bollens-Lund ◽  
Katherine A. Ornstein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Coordination Strategies ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Transportation disadvantage may have important implications for the health, well-being, and quality of life of older adults. This study used the 2015 National Health Aging Trends Study, a nationally representative study of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and over ( N = 7,498), to generate national estimates of transportation modalities and transportation disadvantage among community-dwelling older adults in the United States. An estimated 10.8 million community-dwelling older adults in the United States rarely or never drive. Among nondrivers, 25% were classified as transportation disadvantaged, representing 2.3 million individuals. Individuals with more chronic medical conditions and those reliant on assistive devices were more likely to report having a transportation disadvantage ( p < .05). Being married resulted in a 50% decreased odds of having a transportation disadvantage ( p < .01). Some individuals may be at higher risk for transportation-related barriers to engaging in valued activities and accessing care, calling for tailored interventions such as ride-share services combined with care coordination strategies.

scholarly journals Older Adult Productive Activity Participation Using the National Health and Aging Trends Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 233372142091065
Author(s):  
Elizabeth E. Marfeo ◽  
Caroline Ward
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Productive Aging ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
Current Profile ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study aims to characterize factors related to productive activity participation among community-dwelling older adults. Cross-sectional analyses using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study were used to calculate weighted frequencies representative of the U.S. population of older adults. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore factors related to participation outcomes (paid work, volunteering, caregiving). We found that 21% of community-dwelling older adults in the United States reported currently working. Older adults reported working in a wide range of occupations. Driving emerged as one of the most important factors related to increased odds of productive activity participation. Age, gender, and health factors were also significantly associated with increased odds of productive activity participation. By understanding the current profile of participation in activities including employment, caregiving, and volunteering among a national sample of community-dwelling older adults, we can effectively inform intervention programs and resource allocation to support productive aging.

scholarly journals The Epidemiology of Social Isolation: National Health and Aging Trends Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K M Cudjoe ◽  
David L Roth ◽  
Sarah L Szanton ◽  
Jennifer L Wolff ◽  
Cynthia M Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
National Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Religious Attendance ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Objectives Social isolation among older adults is an important but under-recognized risk for poor health outcomes. Methods are needed to identify subgroups of older adults at risk for social isolation. Methods We constructed a typology of social isolation using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and estimated the prevalence and correlates of social isolation among community-dwelling older adults. The typology was formed from four domains: living arrangement, core discussion network size, religious attendance, and social participation. Results In 2011, 24% of self-responding, community-dwelling older adults (65+ years), approximately 7.7 million people, were characterized as socially isolated, including 1.3 million (4%) who were characterized as severely socially isolated. Multinomial multivariable logistic regression indicated that being unmarried, male, having low education, and low income were all independently associated with social isolation. Black and Hispanic older adults had lower odds of social isolation compared with white older adults, after adjusting for covariates. Discussion Social isolation is an important and potentially modifiable risk that affects a significant proportion of the older adult population.

Association of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure With All-Cause Mortality Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Prospective Observational Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110552
Author(s):  
Qian Lian ◽  
Tazeen H. Jafar ◽  
John C. Allen ◽  
Stefan Ma ◽  
Rahul Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objectives To assess the association of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with mortality among older adults in Singapore. Methods Association of SBP and DBP measured in 2009 for 4443 older adults (69.5±7.4 years; 60–97 years) participating in a nationally representative study with mortality risk through end-December 2015 was assessed using Cox regression. Results Higher mortality risk was observed at the lower and upper extremes of SBP and DBP. With SBP of 100–119 mmHg as the reference, multivariable mortality hazard ratios [HRs (95% confidence interval)] were SBP <100 mmHg: 2.41 (1.23–4.72); SBP 160–179 mmHg: 1.51 (1.02–2.22); and SBP ≥180 mmHg: 1.78 (1.12–2.81). With DBP of 70–79 mmHg as the reference, HRs were DBP <50 mmHg: 2.41 (1.28–4.54) and DBP ≥110 mmHg: 2.16 (1.09–4.31). Discussion Management of high blood pressure among older adults will likely reduce their mortality risk. However, the association of excessively low SBP and DBP values with mortality risk needs further evaluation.

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