scholarly journals Testing frailty, accessible housing, and changes in living arrangements using the Health and Retirement Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 622-622
Author(s):  
Bonnie Albright
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health And Retirement Study ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract This study examined housing accessibility elements of community-dwelling older adults using the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Housing accessibility elements were tested as moderators in the relationship between prior frailty and later living arrangements. HRS physical measures were used to construct the Physical Frailty Phenotype and the Continuous Frailty Scale. The analytic method for the study was multinomial logistic regression. Latent class analysis was also used to identify housing accessibility element use-types. Study findings will be presented. Strengths and weaknesses of using the HRS to measure home accessibility and construct frailty scales will also be discussed.

scholarly journals Dairy Product Intake and Long-Term Risk for Frailty among French Elderly Community Dwellers

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2151
Author(s):  
Berna Rahi ◽  
Hermine Pellay ◽  
Virginie Chuy ◽  
Catherine Helmer ◽  
Cecilia Samieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Dairy products (DP) are part of a food group that may contribute to the prevention of physical frailty. We aimed to investigate DP exposure, including total DP, milk, fresh DP and cheese, and their cross-sectional and prospective associations with physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults. The cross-sectional analysis was carried out on 1490 participants from the Three-City Bordeaux cohort. The 10-year frailty risk was examined in 823 initially non-frail participants. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess DP exposure. Physical frailty was defined as the presence of at least 3 out of 5 criteria of the frailty phenotype: weight loss, exhaustion, slowness, weakness, and low physical activity. Among others, diet quality and protein intake were considered as confounders. The baseline mean age of participants was 74.1 y and 61% were females. Frailty prevalence and incidence were 4.2% and 18.2%, respectively. No significant associations were observed between consumption of total DP or DP sub-types and frailty prevalence or incidence (OR = 1.40, 95%CI 0.65–3.01 and OR = 1.75, 95%CI 0.42–1.32, for a total DP consumption >4 times/d, respectively). Despite the absence of beneficial associations of higher DP consumption on frailty, older adults are encouraged to follow the national recommendations regarding DP.

Prospective Associations of Physical Frailty With Future Falls and Fear of Falling: A 48-Month Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Makino ◽  
S Lee ◽  
S Bae ◽  
I Chiba ◽  
K Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective The present study aimed to examine the prospective associations of physical frailty with future falls and fear of falling (FOF) among community-dwelling older adults. Methods A prospective cohort study with a 48-month follow-up was conducted in a Japanese community. Participants were 2469 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older who completed baseline and follow-up assessments at intervals of 48±2 months. Primary outcomes were recent falls (defined as at least one fall within the past year) and FOF (determined by response to “Are you afraid of falling?”) at follow-up survey. Physical frailty, operationalized by the frailty phenotype (slowness, weakness, exhaustion, weight loss, and low activity) based on the criteria of the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study (J-CHS), was also assessed as a predictor of future falls and FOF. Results Multivariate logistic regression showed that pre-frailty or frailty increase the risk of not only future falls (OR: 1.57; 95%CI = 1.20-2.05) but also FOF (OR: 1.33; 95%CI = 1.05-1.69). In addition, the relationship between baseline frailty status and future falls remained significant after adjusting for baseline FOF (OR: 1.55; 95%CI = 1.19-2.02), and the relationship between baseline frailty status and future FOF also remained significant after adjusting for baseline falls (OR: 1.32; 95%CI = 1.04-1.68). Conclusions Frailty status may predict future falls and FOF among community-dwelling older adults. Strategies to prevent frailty may be beneficial to prevent not only future falls but also future FOF in a community setting. Impact Falls and FOF have a close relationship but a different clinical meaning. Older adults with physical frailty may require monitoring as high-risk not only for falls but also for FOF.

scholarly journals Profiles of Family and Friend Caregivers of Community-Dwelling People With Dementia: A Latent Class Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 59-59
Author(s):  
Eric Jutkowitz ◽  
Lauren Mitchell ◽  
Joseph Gaugler
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health And Retirement Study ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Post Onset

Abstract People living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) receive most of their care from family/friends, but little is known about the organization of this care. We used data from the Health and Retirement Study and latent class analysis to determine variation in the hours of care received by community-dwelling people with ADRD from disease onset up to 6-years post onset. At incidence (n=1,158), the latent class analysis identified two groups of caregiving patterns. In the first group, 10% (n=109) of people with ADRD received 481 hours (SD=177) of care. Most care was provided by a spouse (411 hours) with less from children (28 hours), other family/friends (17 hours), and paid individuals (25 hours). In the second latent class, the remaining 90% (n=1,049) of people with ADRD received 114 hours (SD=202) of care which was distributed between spouses (12 hours), children (51 hours), other relatives/friends (22 hours), and paid individuals (29 hours). By 6-years post incidence, 7% (n=76) of the original ADRD cohort remained in the community, and we identified two latent classes independent of those identified at incidence. Almost 15% (n=11) of people with ADRD received a majority of care from a spouse (376 hours) with care supplemented by children (10 hours) and paid individuals (54 hours). The remaining 85% (n=65) of people with ADRD received 294 (SD=314) hours of care from spouses (13 hours), children (104 hours), other family/friends (83 hours), and paid individuals (67 hours). Policies/interventions supporting caregivers must account for the heterogeneity in the organization caregivers.

Relationship Between Frailty and Depression Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Mediating and Moderating Role of Social Support

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1466-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaru Jin ◽  
Huaxin Si ◽  
Xiaoxia Qiao ◽  
Xiaoyu Tian ◽  
Xinyi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and Objectives Frailty is associated with depression in older adults and reduces their social support. However, the mechanism underlying such relationship remains unclear. We aim to examine whether social support acts as a mediator or moderator in the relationship between frailty and depression. Research Design and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,779 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and older. Frailty, social support, and depressive symptoms were measured by the Physical Frailty Phenotype, Social Support Rating Scale, and five-item Geriatric Depression Scale, respectively. Data were also collected on age, gender, years of schooling, monthly income, cognitive function, number of chronic diseases, physical function, and pain. Results Linear regression models showed that subjective support and support utilization, but not objective support, mediated and moderated the relationship between frailty and depressive symptoms. The Johnson–Neyman technique determined a threshold of 30 for subjective support, but not for support utilization, beyond which the detrimental effect of frailty on depressive symptoms was offset. Discussion and Implications Social support underlies the association of frailty with depression, and its protective role varies by type. Interventions on depression should address improving perceptions and utilization of social support among frail older adults rather than simply providing them with objective support.

scholarly journals Prevalence of frailty and associated factors among Saudi community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bader A. Alqahtani ◽  
Aqeel M. Alenazi ◽  
Mohammed M. Alshehri ◽  
Ahmed M. Osailan ◽  
Saud F. Alsubaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Prevalence of frailty has been previously established in different Western countries; however, the prevalence and the burden of in the aging populations of Saudi Arabia has not been examined. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of frailty, and associated factors among Saudi older population. Methods The study included a total of 486 community-dwelling elderly adults aged 60 years and over living in the Riyadh area. This study took place from August 2019 to June 2020. The prevalence of frailty was determined using the Fried’s frailty phenotype. Association between sociodemographic features and clinical factors and frailty was estimated by Odds Ratio and confidence intervals (OR, IC 95%) using a multinomial logistic regression model. Results The overall prevalence of pre-frailty and frailty were 47.3 and 21.4%, respectively. The following factors were associated with being frail: age (OR: 6.92; 95%CI 3.11–15.41); living alone (OR: 2.50; 95%CI: 1.12–5.59); had more chronic conditions (OR: 1.96; 95%CI: 1.16–3.30); and cognitive impairment (OR: 7.07; 95%CI: 3.92–12.74). Conclusions The Compared with other populations, the prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia was high. The implications of frailty in this population should be discussed in future study.

scholarly journals Multimorbidity Patterns, Frailty, and Survival in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1265-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quoc Dinh Nguyen ◽  
Chenkai Wu ◽  
Michelle C Odden ◽  
Dae Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Minimal Disease ◽  
Excess Number ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Frailty and multimorbidity are independent prognostic factors for mortality, but their interaction has not been fully explored. We investigated the importance of multimorbidity patterns in older adults with the same level of frailty phenotype. Methods In a cohort of 7,197 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older, physical frailty status (robust, pre-frail, frail) was defined using shrinking, exhaustion, inactivity, slowness, and weakness. Latent class analysis was used to identify individuals with multimorbidity patterns based on 10 self-reported chronic conditions. We estimated hazard ratios (HR) and incidence rate differences (IRDs) for mortality comparing multimorbidity patterns within each frailty state. Results Five multimorbidity classes were identified: minimal disease (24.7%), cardiovascular disease (29.0%), osteoarticular disease (27.3%), neuropsychiatric disease (8.9%), and high multisystem morbidity (10.0%). Within each frailty state, the mortality rate per 1,000 person-years over 4 years was greatest in the neuropsychiatric class and lowest in the minimal disease class: robust (56.3 vs 15.7; HR, 2.11 [95% CI: 1.05, 4.21]; IRD, 24.1 [95% CI: −11.2, 59.3]), pre-frail (85.3 vs 40.4; HR, 1.74 [95% CI: 1.28, 2.37]; IRD, 27.1 [95% CI: 7.6, 46.7]), and frail (218.1 vs 96.4; HR, 2.05 [95% CI: 1.36, 3.10]; IRD, 108.4 [95% CI: 65.0, 151.9]). Although HRs did not vary widely by frailty, the excess number of deaths, as reflected by IRDs, increased with greater frailty level. Conclusions Considering both multimorbidity patterns and frailty is important for identifying older adults at greater risk of mortality. Of the five patterns identified, the neuropsychiatric class was associated with lower survival across all frailty levels.

scholarly journals Associations between Neurocardiovascular Signal Entropy and Physical Frailty

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Silvin P. Knight ◽  
Louise Newman ◽  
John D. O’Connor ◽  
James Davis ◽  
Rose Anne Kenny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Approximate Entropy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Short Length ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

In this cross-sectional study, the relationship between noninvasively measured neurocardiovascular signal entropy and physical frailty was explored in a sample of community-dwelling older adults from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). The hypothesis under investigation was that dysfunction in the neurovascular and cardiovascular systems, as quantified by short-length signal complexity during a lying-to-stand test (active stand), could provide a marker for frailty. Frailty status (i.e., “non-frail”, “pre-frail”, and “frail”) was based on Fried’s criteria (i.e., exhaustion, unexplained weight loss, weakness, slowness, and low physical activity). Approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn) were calculated during resting (lying down), active standing, and recovery phases. There was continuously measured blood pressure/heart rate data from 2645 individuals (53.0% female) and frontal lobe tissue oxygenation data from 2225 participants (52.3% female); both samples had a mean (SD) age of 64.3 (7.7) years. Results revealed statistically significant associations between neurocardiovascular signal entropy and frailty status. Entropy differences between non-frail and pre-frail/frail were greater during resting state compared with standing and recovery phases. Compared with ApEn, SampEn seemed to have better discriminating power between non-frail and pre-frail/frail individuals. The quantification of entropy in short length neurocardiovascular signals could provide a clinically useful marker of the multiple physiological dysregulations that underlie physical frailty.

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