Dairy Product Intake and Long-Term Risk for Frailty among French Elderly Community Dwellers

Dairy products (DP) are part of a food group that may contribute to the prevention of physical frailty. We aimed to investigate DP exposure, including total DP, milk, fresh DP and cheese, and their cross-sectional and prospective associations with physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults. The cross-sectional analysis was carried out on 1490 participants from the Three-City Bordeaux cohort. The 10-year frailty risk was examined in 823 initially non-frail participants. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess DP exposure. Physical frailty was defined as the presence of at least 3 out of 5 criteria of the frailty phenotype: weight loss, exhaustion, slowness, weakness, and low physical activity. Among others, diet quality and protein intake were considered as confounders. The baseline mean age of participants was 74.1 y and 61% were females. Frailty prevalence and incidence were 4.2% and 18.2%, respectively. No significant associations were observed between consumption of total DP or DP sub-types and frailty prevalence or incidence (OR = 1.40, 95%CI 0.65–3.01 and OR = 1.75, 95%CI 0.42–1.32, for a total DP consumption >4 times/d, respectively). Despite the absence of beneficial associations of higher DP consumption on frailty, older adults are encouraged to follow the national recommendations regarding DP.

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Physical Frailty and Future Costs of Long-Term Care in Older Adults: Results from the NCGG-SGS

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000514679 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Hyuma Makizako ◽

Hiroyuki Shimada ◽

Kota Tsutsumimoto ◽

Keitaro Makino ◽

Sho Nakakubo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Physical Frailty ◽

Care Needs ◽

Frailty Phenotype ◽

Term Care ◽

Frailty Status ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Introduction: Frailty is associated with adverse outcomes, but few studies have determined associations between the frailty phenotype and measures of healthcare burden, including long-term care insurance (LTCI) costs, in older community-dwelling populations. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between frailty status and subsequent LTCI costs in Japanese community-dwelling older adults. Methods: The prospective data were from a cohort study (National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Study of Geriatric Syndromes [NCGG-SGS]). The participants were community-dwelling older adults (mean age 71.8 years, women 50.7%) participating in an NCGG-SGS baseline examination held between August 2011 and February 2012 in Obu, Japan (N = 4,539). At baseline, we assessed the physical frailty phenotype using the Japanese version of the CHS criteria and categorized it as robust, pre-frail, or frail. We also ascertained care-needs certification and total costs using long-term care services in Japan’s public LTCI system during the 29 months. Results: During the 29-month follow-up period, 239 participants (5.3%) required the LTCI system’s care-needs certification and 163 participants (3.6%) used LTCI services. Participants classified as frail (odds ratio 5.85, 95% confidence interval 3.54–9.66) or pre-frail (2.40, 1.58–3.66) at the baseline assessment had an increased risk of requiring care-needs certification compared with robust participants. The mean total costs for LTCI services during the 29 months were ¥6,434 ($63.1) for robust, ¥19,324 ($189.5) for pre-frail, and ¥147,718 ($1,448.2) for frail participants (1 US dollar = 102 Japanese yen in July 2014). There were significantly higher costs associated with advancing frailty status. Individual frailty components (slowness, weakness, exhaustion, low activity, and weight loss) were also associated with higher total costs for using LTCI services. Discussion/Conclusion: Frail community-dwelling older adults had a higher risk of requiring the LTCI system’s care-needs certification and the subsequent total LTCI costs.

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Association between Physical Frailty Subdomains and Oral Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18062931 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 2931

Author(s):

Ryo Komatsu ◽

Koutatsu Nagai ◽

Yoko Hasegawa ◽

Kazuki Okuda ◽

Yuto Okinaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Health Study ◽

Cardiovascular Health Study ◽

Physical Frailty ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Important Indicator ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽

Oral Frailty

This cross-sectional study aimed to demonstrate the association between physical frailty subdomains and oral frailty. This study involved community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥65 years). Physical frailty was assessed with the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Oral frailty was defined as limitations in at least three of six domains. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between physical frailty risk and oral frailty. In addition, we examined the association between physical frailty subdomains (gait speed, grip strength, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss) and oral frailty. A total of 380 participants were recruited for this study. Overall, 18% and 14% of the participants were at risk of physical frailty and had oral frailty, respectively. Physical frailty risk (odds ratio (OR) = 2.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–4.75, p = 0.012) was associated with oral frailty in multivariate analysis. In secondary analysis, among physical frailty subdomains, gait speed (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73–0.97, p = 0.019) was associated with oral frailty. The present findings suggest that physical frailty is closely related to oral frailty. Among physical frailty subdomains, decreased gait speed in particular is an important indicator related to the development of oral frailty.

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Association Between the Prevalence of Frailty and Doubly Labeled Water-Calibrated Energy Intake Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glaa133 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Daiki Watanabe ◽

Tsukasa Yoshida ◽

Hinako Nanri ◽

Yuya Watanabe ◽

Heiwa Date ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Ideal Body Weight ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Doubly Labeled Water ◽

Physical Frailty ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ideal Body ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Appropriate energy intake (EI) is essential to prevent frailty. Because self-reported EI is inaccurate and has systematic errors, adequate biomarker calibration is required. This study examined the association between doubly labeled water (DLW)-calibrated EI and the prevalence of frailty among community-dwelling older adults. Method A cross-sectional study was performed using baseline data of 7,022 older adults aged ≥65 years in the Kyoto-Kameoka Study. EI was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and calibrated EI was obtained from a previously established equation using the DLW method. Physical and comprehensive frailty were defined by the Fried phenotype (FP) model and the Kihon Checklist (KCL), respectively. We used multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic spline logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of physical frailty was 14.8% and 13.6% in women and men, respectively. The spline models showed significant reverse J-shaped or U-shaped relationships between the prevalence of physical or comprehensive frailty against the DLW-calibrated EI, respectively. The lowest prevalence of both types of frailty was found at 1,900–2,000 kcal/d in women and 2,400–2,500 kcal/d in men, which corresponded to approximately 40 kcal/d/kg IBW (ideal body weight = 22 × height2) with DLW-calibrated EI. Uncalibrated EI underestimated approximately 20% compared with calibrated EI; underestimated EI were attenuated by calibration approach. Conclusions This study suggests that low EI has a greater detrimental effect compared with excessive EI, particularly on physical frailty. Using biomarkers to calibrate EI holds promise for providing accurate energy requirements to establish guidelines used in public health and clinical nutrition.

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Validity of maximum isometric tongue pressure as a screening test for physical frailty: Cross-sectional study of Japanese community-dwelling older adults

Geriatrics and Gerontology International ◽

10.1111/ggi.13166 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 240-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hirotomo Yamanashi ◽

Yuji Shimizu ◽

Miho Higashi ◽

Jun Koyamatsu ◽

Shimpei Sato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Screening Test ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Tongue Pressure ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Physical Frailty ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Association between Chronic Pain and Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16081330 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 1330 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yuki Nakai ◽

Hyuma Makizako ◽

Ryoji Kiyama ◽

Kazutoshi Tomioka ◽

Yoshiaki Taniguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Chronic Pain ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Physical Frailty ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

This cross-sectional study investigated the association between chronic pain and physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults. We analyzed data obtained from 323 older adults (women: 74.6%) who participated in a community-based health check survey (the Tarumizu Study, 2017). Physical frailty was defined in terms of five parameters (exhaustion, slowness, weakness, low physical activity, and weight loss). We assessed the prevalence of chronic low back and knee pain using questionnaires. Participants whose pain had lasted ≥two months were considered to have chronic pain. Among all participants, 138 (42.7%) had chronic pain, and 171 (53.0%) were categorized as having physical frailty or pre-frailty. Logistic regression analysis showed that chronic pain was significantly associated with the group combining frailty and pre-frailty (odds ratio 1.68, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.76, p = 0.040) after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, score on the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, and medications. Comparing the proportions of chronic pain among participants who responded to the sub-items, exhaustion (yes: 65.9%, no: 39.4%) demonstrated a significant association (p < 0.001). Chronic pain could be associated with the group combining frailty and pre-frailty and is particularly associated with exhaustion in community-dwelling older adults. Therefore, there is a need for early intervention and consideration of the role of exhaustion when devising interventions for physical frailty in older individuals with chronic pain.

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The Association between Dietary Variety and Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9010032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Yuto Kiuchi ◽

Hyuma Makizako ◽

Yuki Nakai ◽

Kazutoshi Tomioka ◽

Yoshiaki Taniguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cutoff Point ◽

Physical Frailty ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Frailty Status ◽

Diet Variety ◽

The One ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between diet variety and physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Data of 577 older adults (mean age: 74.0 ± 6.3 years, women: 62.5%) were analyzed. Diet variety was assessed using the Food Frequency Score (FFS) (maximum, 30 points). The FFS assessed the one-week consumption frequency of ten foods (meat, fish/shellfish, eggs, milk & dairy products, soybean products, green & yellow vegetables, potatoes, fruits, seafood, and fats & oil). Physical frailty was assessed using Fried’s component (slowness, weakness, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss). The participants were classified into frail, pre-frail, and non-frail groups. The prevalence of physical frailty was 6.6%. This study found significant associations between physical frailty and low FFS after adjusting for covariates (odds ratio (OR) 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84–0.97, p < 0.01). The optimal cutoff point of the FFS for physical frailty was ≤16 points. FFS lower than the cutoff point were significantly associated with physical frailty after adjusting for covariates (OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.60–7.50, p < 0.01). Diet variety assessed using the FFS cutoff value of ≤16 points was related to the physical frailty status in community-dwelling older adults.

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Gait speed reference values in community-dwelling older adults – Cross-sectional analysis from the Rotterdam Study

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2021.111646 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 111646

Author(s):

L.J. Dommershuijsen ◽

J. Ragunathan ◽

R. Ruiter ◽

D. Groothof ◽

F.U.S. Mattace-Raso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Reference Values ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Rotterdam Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cross Sectional Analysis ◽

Sectional Analysis ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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FACILITATING FRAILTY IDENTIFICATION: COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

Journal of Frailty & Aging ◽

10.14283/jfa.2014.27 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

A. ISLAM ◽

S.W. MUIR-HUNTER ◽

M. SPEECHLEY ◽

M. MONTERO-ODASSO

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Retirement Community ◽

Kappa Statistics ◽

Clinical Frailty Scale ◽

Frailty Phenotype ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Frailty is characterized by increased vulnerability for adverse events such as falls, fractures, placement, and death. Several frailty models have been developed, including the widely accepted Frailty Phenotype. However, the Frailty Phenotype can be difficult to apply in clinical practice. Alternatively, the Clinical Frailty Scale has been proposed based on its simplicity. To date, the Clinical Frailty Scale has not been validated against the Frailty Phenotype. Objective: We aimed to test the inter-rater reliability of the Clinical Frailty Scale and its agreement with the Frailty Phenotype in frailty identification. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Retirement community in London, Ontario, Canada. Participants: One hundred and four community-dwelling older adults (age ≥75 years). Measurements: Participants were first classified using the Frailty Phenotype criteria as not frail, pre-frail or frail. Subsequently, two clinicians blinded to the first assessment, determined frailty status using the Clinical Frailty Scale. Differences between assessments were resolved by consensus. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using kappa statistics. Spearman Rho correlation coefficients evaluated the concurrent validity of the Clinical Frailty Scale against Frailty Phenotype components. Results: Analysis with kappa statistic showed substantial agreement between raters in applying the Clinical Frailty Scale to the sample (κw= 0.76, 95% CI 0.68, 0.84). The Clinical Frailty Scale scores also positively correlated with an increasing number of Frailty Phenotype components (ρ=0.69, p<0.01). Conclusion: The Clinical Frailty Scale is reliable and comparable to the Frailty Phenotype in identifying frailty in community-dwelling older adults with the advantage of being easy to administer in clinical settings. Reliable tools to identify frailty in community-dwelling older adults may help provide timely interventions to ameliorate risk of adverse events.

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