scholarly journals Policy Design and Consumer Direction: Cross-country Comparisons on Consumer-directed Care Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 833-833
Author(s):  
Jinbao Zhang ◽  
Julia Shu-Huah Wang ◽  
Yu-Chih Chen
Keyword(s):  
Policy Design ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Service Type ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Care Regimes

Abstract Objectives The consumer-directed care (CDC) program aims to maximize health outcomes by offering older adults more control, choice, and flexibility over the care services they received. However, countries may operate CDC programs in different ways based on heterogenous sociostructural systems. We proposed a comparative framework to evaluate three dimensions of CDC—control and direct services, variety of service options, and information and support—and analyzed how countries varied in their policy design to achieve consumer direction. Methods Using cross-national document analysis, we analyzed eleven CDC programs from seven selected countries (Netherlands, United States (US), United Kingdom (UK), Germany, China, Australia, and Spain) with five CDC care regimes. A total of fourteen indicators capturing three dimensions of CDC programs was developed. We further used these indicators to evaluate and compare similarities and differences of policy features across countries using descriptive statistics and graphical approaches. Results CDC programs in the Netherlands, Arkansas, and the UK ranked at the top in consumer direction. All countries except Germany employed a “service-based” principle in determination of service type. Training care workers was in the most widespread use to assure quality of care. Merely the UK and Germany integrated CDC and conventional agency care without restrictions. Representative with relevant support was only available in the UK and Netherlands. Discussion and Implication: CDC models involve multi-faced aspects, rather than dichotomies and discrete entities. Implications include the need for a systematic reflection with our developed framework and enriching variety of service options to promote consumer direction.

scholarly journals Variations in user-oriented elderly care: a multilevel approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kazemi ◽  
Petri Kajonius
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Care ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Satisfaction With Care ◽  
Content Type ◽  
National Board ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Interpersonal Care ◽  
Sources Of Variation

Purpose National Board of Health and Welfare claims that the quality of elderly care services differ considerably between municipalities in Sweden. This study aims to analyze to what extent these variations can be accounted for by the older person’s municipality affiliation (i.e. receiving elderly care in a certain municipality). Design/methodology/approach Addressing this issue, national survey data from 78,538 older respondents receiving elderly care services in Sweden were analyzed using multilevel modeling (MLM). Findings The results showed that municipality affiliation only marginally explained the variance in satisfaction with care, i.e. its variations were larger within than between municipalities. Instead, user-oriented care accounted for the variation in satisfaction with care. Specifically, the way the care workers behave toward the older person proved to be much more crucial for satisfaction with care than municipality affiliation. Moreover, random effects analyses revealed that the effects of user-oriented care on satisfaction with care varied across municipalities. Care setting (i.e. home care or nursing home) only marginally accounted for its variance. Practical implications Developing care quality should start and primarily be discussed at the interpersonal care level, and not, as is customary, at the municipality level. Originality/value The present research is the first in its kind to quantitatively investigate the sources of variation in perceived quality of Swedish elderly care using MLM.

scholarly journals Changes in the quantity and quality of time use during the COVID-19 lockdowns in the UK: Who is the most affected?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0258917
Author(s):  
Ines Lee ◽  
Eileen Tipoe
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Diary Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Uk

We investigated changes in the quantity and quality of time spent on various activities in response to the COVID-19-induced national lockdowns in the UK. We examined effects both in the first national lockdown (May 2020) and the third national lockdown (March 2021). Using retrospective longitudinal time-use diary data collected from a demographically diverse sample of over 760 UK adults in both lockdowns, we found significant changes in both the quantity and quality of time spent on broad activity categories (employment, housework, leisure). Individuals spent less time on employment-related activities (in addition to a reduction in time spent commuting) and more time on housework. These effects were concentrated on individuals with young children. Individuals also spent more time doing leisure activities (e.g. hobbies) alone and conducting employment-related activities outside normal working hours, changes that were significantly correlated with decreases in overall enjoyment. Changes in quality exacerbated existing inequalities in quantity of time use, with parents of young children being disproportionately affected. These findings indicate that quality of time use is another important consideration for policy design and evaluation.

scholarly journals Health care worker’s perception about the quality of health care at the outpatient department in Mwananyamala Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kudra Khamis ◽  
Bernard Njau
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Of Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Staffing Levels ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Physical Infrastructure

Background: Quality of care is a complex issue influenced by many factors. It is fundamental in assessing health care delivery in health facilities in developing countries. Health care workers’ perceptions help policy makers and planners to identify bottlenecks in the system to improve utilisation and sustainability of health care services in the population. The objective of this study was to explore health care workers’ perception about the quality of health care delivered at the outpatient department in Mwananyamala Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.  Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted from April to May 2013.  Results: Health care workers’ mentioned extrinsic as well as intrinsic factors, which may influence the quality of health care services. Extrinsic factors included poor physical infrastructure, unavailability of medical equipment and/or essential drugs and poor staffing levels. Intrinsic factors mentioned were motivation for health care workers and workplace training opportunities.Conclusion: Multiple factors influencing perceived quality of health care Mwananyamala hospital have been identified to include physical infrastructure, availability of medical equipment and essential medicines, staffing levels, remuneration and promotion.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Examination of the Mental Wellbeing, Coping and Quality of Working Life in Health and Social Care Workers in the UK at Two Time Points of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Epidemiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-242
Author(s):  
Paula McFadden ◽  
Ruth D. Neill ◽  
John Moriarty ◽  
Patricia Gillen ◽  
John Mallett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Care ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quality Of Working Life ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Uk

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve around the world, it is important to examine its effect on societies and individuals, including health and social care (HSC) professionals. The aim of this study was to compare cross-sectional data collected from HSC staff in the UK at two time points during the COVID-19 pandemic: Phase 1 (May–July 2020) and Phase 2 (November 2020–January 2021). The HSC staff surveyed consisted of nurses, midwives, allied health professionals, social care workers and social workers from across the UK (England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland). Multiple regressions were used to examine the effects of different coping strategies and demographic and work-related variables on participants’ wellbeing and quality of working life to see how and if the predictors changed over time. An additional multiple regression was used to directly examine the effects of time (Phase 1 vs. Phase 2) on the outcome variables. Findings suggested that both wellbeing and quality of working life deteriorated from Phase 1 to Phase 2. The results have the potential to inform interventions for HSC staff during future waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, other infectious outbreaks or even other circumstances putting long-term pressures on HSC systems.

Dignity equals distance? Pursuing dignity in care for older adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Agnete Meldgaard Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Formal Care ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Policy Agendas ◽  
Human Actors

Abstract This paper explores how dignity is articulated and pursued by care workers in two currently prominent policy initiatives seeking to reform Danish care services for older people. Based on ethnographic case studies of ‘reablement’ practices and the use of ‘welfare technologies’, the paper shows how these attempts to create dignified care services transform interactions between care recipients and care workers. The analysis is inspired by a socio-material perspective on dignity as ‘crafted’ and ‘co-laboured’ in daily practices, in an interplay between multiple human and non-human actors. In the cases studied, dignity is articulated as closely related to older people's increasing autonomy and independence of formal care, and is pursued through enhancing care recipients’ self-care ability, and through technological automation of care tasks. However, these articulations and pursuits of dignity do not stand alone. When everyday care practices are closely examined, dignity is also pursued by care workers as increased co-operation and equality between care workers and care recipients, as de-objectification, and as promotion of enjoyment and quality of life. In these practices, care is ambivalently positioned as both a potential threat to dignity, and as a prerequisite to achieving it. The paper concludes by discussing the risks of policy agendas pursuing a narrow understanding of dignity as simply independence of care.

scholarly journals Mother-friendly hospital programme of Turkey: national intervention to improve the quality of maternity services

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-210
Author(s):  
Nüket Erbaydar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Maternity Services ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Training Activities

Background: The mother-friendly care model and mother-friendly programmes are powerful responses to solve problems in maternity care services including high rates of caesarean section, low breastfeeding rates, and women’s rights issues. Aims: This paper describes the development and implementation of the mother-friendly hospital programme of Turkey. Methods: The Ministry of Health initiated the mother-friendly hospital programme in 2010. National mother-friendly hospital standards, guidelines and evaluation tools were developed. Implementation began in 2015. Results: Training activities were carried out to enable health care workers (e.g. physicians, midwives, nurses) to train staff of hospitals applying to the programme, and to evaluate and monitor their maternity services; 455 health care workers were trained. Participation in the programme is voluntary and hospitals apply for certification. To apply, the hospital’s caesarean section rate must be lower than the country average. As of January 2020, 73 hospitals have been certified as mother-friendly hospitals. Conclusion: As a practical implementation of the mother-friendly approach, Turkey’s experience may be useful to other health systems.

Pandemics and Physiotherapy: An overview of the role of the Physiotherapists in restoring functions and quality of life

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1898-1901
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi Yadav ◽  
Waqar M. Naqvi ◽  
Tasneem Burhani
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Allied Health Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Essential Services

Pandemic is an epidemic that has becomes very widespread and affects the entire vicinity, a continent, and the world because of the vulnerable population. Management of pandemic consequence puts a great load on the healthcare sector. It demands great manpower from every sector for the smooth run of the daily essential services. Health care workers play a crucial role in delivering health care services during such pandemics. Physiotherapists are the allied health care professionals which provide primary, secondary, and tertiary level of health care services. The report provides a brief idea about the different roles played by physiotherapists for restoring ability and better functioning of an individual and society as a whole during various epidemics and pandemics.

scholarly journals Care relationships, quality of care and migrant workers caring for older people

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIERAN WALSH ◽  
ISABEL SHUTES
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Care Relationships ◽  
The Uk

ABSTRACTMigrant care workers make a substantial contribution to older adult care in Ireland and the United Kingdom (UK). However, little is known about the relational aspects of care involving migrant care workers and older people. Given that the care relationship is closely linked to quality of care, and that the Irish and UK sectors are increasingly restricted by economic austerity measures, this lack of information is a concern for care practice and policy. Our paper explores the relationship between migrant care workers and older people in Ireland and the UK and draws on data collected in both countries, including focus groups with older people (N = 41), interviews with migrant care workers (N = 90) and data from a survey of and interviews with employers. The findings illustrate the complexity of the migrant care worker–older person relationship; the prevalence of need orientated, friendship and familial-like, reciprocal, and discriminatory interlinking themes; and the role of individual, structural and temporal factors in shaping these relationships.

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