scholarly journals Protective Effects of Perceived Control on Prescription Drug Misuse 10-years Later in the MIDUS Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 862-862
Author(s):  
Sara Miller ◽  
David Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Prescription Drug Misuse ◽  
Personal Mastery ◽  
Drinking Status

Abstract The current study examined if control beliefs predict prescription drug misuse (PDM) 10-years later and how problem drinking status moderates this relationship. PDM refers to taking medications without a prescription or in a manner not intended by the prescriber. Older adults are especially vulnerable to PDM due to drug sensitivity, comorbid health conditions, and high rates of polypharmacy. Participants were adults (n=2162, 56% female, mean age=54, range=30-84) who completed Waves 2 and 3 of the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) study. At Wave 2, participants reported on two subscales of perceived control (personal mastery and constraints) and past 12-month problem drinking behaviors. At Wave 3, participants reported past 12-month PDM of five substances (painkillers, sedatives, stimulants, tranquilizers, and depression medications). Results indicated that at Wave 3, 10% of the sample reported misusing at least one prescription drug in the past year. Logistic Regression analysis revealed that problem drinking was associated with higher odds of PDM (p<0.001), and perceived control was associated with lower odds of PDM (p<0.05) after controlling for previous PDM and sociodemographic, health behavior, and health status covariates. However, there was an interaction effect such that perceived control was not protective for those individuals who engaged in problem drinking at Wave 2 (p<0.05). Future analyses will explore the meaning of this interaction. Identifying psychosocial protective factors, such as perceived control, predicting PDM will be critical for designing interventions that prevent the adverse consequences of PDM among this population.

scholarly journals Illicit and Prescription Drug Misuse among Sexual Minority Women in the United States: A Protocol for a Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Kelly Gagnon ◽  
Jessica Frankeberger ◽  
Stephanie Corey ◽  
Barbara L. Folb ◽  
Christina Mair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
The United States ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Sexual Minority Women ◽  
Prescription Drug Misuse

  Background: The United States Institute of Medicine (IOM) published reports in 1999 and 2011 identifying drug use as a priority area for sexual minority health research, specifically focused on mechanisms contributing to drug use disparities and the development of tailored interventions. Limited research has prioritized sexual minority women (SMW) with the majority of substance use research among sexual minorities focused on adolescents and men who have sex with men. This scoping review will characterize the research literature related to illicit drug use and prescription drug misuse among SMW and sub-groups within the SMW population. Through this, we will identify: (1) specific substances used; (2) patterns of substance use; (3) risk and protective factors; (4) prevention interventions; and (5) drug treatment programs specific to SMW. Methods/Design: This review will include studies with empirical data of illicit or prescription drug misuse among sexual minority women. Peer-reviewed quantitative research conducted in the United States and published in English from 2011-Present will be included. We will search Medline, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases for relevant articles. Two independent reviewers will screen abstracts and relevant full-text studies for eligibility. Data will be extracted from eligible articles and results will be presented in narrative and tabular form as appropriate. Discussion: This work will identify gaps of knowledge in the research pertaining to illicit or prescription drug misuse among sexual minority women since the 2011 US IOM report. As a result of this work, we will propose directions for future research to address identified gaps.

Is Medical Marijuana Legalization Associated With Prescription Drug Misuse, Illicit Drug Use, or Combination of Both Among Adults in the United States?

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-578
Author(s):  
Yen-Han Lee ◽  
Yen-Chang Chang ◽  
Ching-Ti Liu ◽  
Stephan Arndt
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Medical Marijuana ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Prescription Drug Misuse ◽  
Marijuana Legalization

This research focuses on associations of medical marijuana legalization with prescription drug misuse, illicit drug use, and a combination of both behaviors. Using three waves of the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH, 2016–2018), adult participants (age ≥ 18) were selected for the final study sample ( n = 127,438). Multinomial logistic regression was adjusted for biological, socioeconomic, and substance use measurements. Results from multinomial regression demonstrated that medical marijuana legalization was positively associated with illicit drug use (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.17, 1.51]; p < .01) and both prescription drug misuse and illicit drug use (RRR = 1.14, 95% CI = [1.05, 1.25]; p < .01) among U.S. adults. It is recommended to design policy interventions to counter illicit drug use and a combination of both prescription drug misuse and illicit drug use as the result of medical marijuana legalization.

Strain and Prescription Drug Misuse in the United States Military

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1454-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Mowen ◽  
Taylor Tolles ◽  
Ryan D. Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
United States Military ◽  
Prescription Drug Misuse

scholarly journals Prescription Drugs and the US Workforce: Results from a National Safety Council Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 1;23 (1;1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Abd-Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Prescription Drug Abuse ◽  
Prescription Drug Misuse ◽  
National Safety Council

Background: The cost of chronic pain in the United States is extremely high. Opioids are one of the most common medications prescribed for the treatment of chronic pain, and their misuse and addiction have been of concern. It has been found that opioids are frequently abused and negatively impact the American workforce. Objectives: The objective of this study was to obtain data on US employers’ concerns and priorities, perceptions of prescription drug abuse, perceived impact of prescription drug use on the workplace, identification of and response to drug abuse, perceived ability to handle prescription drug abuse in the workplace, and workplace initiatives, employee assistance programs, employee drug testing, workplace prescription drug training, insurance coverage of alternative treatment, and overall preparedness to deal with the issue. Study Design: This research used an employer proprietary questionnaire created by members of the National Safety Council in cooperation with market research experts at B2B International. Setting: Employers surveyed via an online survey represent diverse industries and geographical areas. Methods: The research was conducted using a proprietary questionnaire. Participants were recruited from a sample of verified panelists through Research Now, and fieldwork was conducted online by B2B International. This report is on 501 interviews that each represent a US employer with 50 or more employees. The employers sampled are extremely diverse in not only size and industry, but also geography and centralization. Results: Our results showed that 67% of employers reported concerns related to prescription drug misuse, which was comparable to workplace violence and more concerning than the use of illegal drugs. Sixty-one percent reported concerns related to prescription opioids, which was a higher concern than using anti-anxiety medications, stimulants, and even heroin. Limitations: Survey study with descriptive analysis with limited sample. Conclusions: Prescription drug misuse and abuse concern American employers. Their side effects are clear, but employers are less likely to acknowledge their detrimental business effect. Employers report being unprepared for dealing with issues related to this; however, the firms with programs in place feel more prepared to deal with misuse and abuse. Key words: Prescription drugs, US workforce, chronic pain

scholarly journals Prescription Drug Misuse: Taking a Lifespan Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117822182090935
Author(s):  
Ty S Schepis ◽  
Dalton L Klare ◽  
Jason A Ford ◽  
Sean Esteban McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Prescription Drug Misuse ◽  
Polysubstance Use

Prescription drug misuse (PDM), or medication use without a prescription or in ways not intended by the prescriber, is a notable public health concern, especially in the United States. Accumulating research has characterized PDM prevalence and processes, but age-based or lifespan changes in PDM are understudied. Given age-based differences in the medical or developmental concerns that often underlie PDM, it is likely that PDM varies by age. This review summarizes the literature on PDM across the lifespan, examining lifespan changes in prevalence, sources, motives and correlates for opioid, stimulant, and tranquilizer/sedative (or benzodiazepine) PDM. In all, prevalence rates, sources and motives vary considerably by age group, with fewer age-based differences in correlates or risk factors. PDM prevalence rates tend to decline with aging, with greater use of physician sources and greater endorsement of self-treatment motives in older groups. Recreational motives (such as to get high) tend to peak in young adulthood, with greater use of peer sources or purchases to obtain medication for PDM in younger groups. PDM co-occurs with other substance use and psychopathology, including suicidality, across age groups. The evidence for lifespan variation in PDM is strongest for opioid PDM, with a need for more research on tranquilizer/sedative and stimulant PDM. The current literature is limited by the few studies of lifespan changes in PDM within a single sample, a lack of longitudinal research, little research addressing PDM in the context of polysubstance use, and little research on minority groups, such as sexual and gender minorities.

Integrating Theories of Gender and Sexuality With Deviance: The Case of Prescription Drug Misuse during Sex

2021 ◽  
pp. 089124322110098
Author(s):  
Laura C. Frizzell ◽  
Mike Vuolo ◽  
Brian C. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Identity Conflict ◽  
Prescription Drug Misuse ◽  
Sexual Identities

Social scientists have expended substantial effort to identify group patterns of deviant behavior. Yet beyond the ill-conceived treatment of sexual minorities as inherently deviant, they have rarely considered how gendered sexual identities (GSIs) shape participation in deviance. We argue for the utility of centering theories of gender and sexuality in intersectional deviance research. We demonstrate how this intentional focus on gender and sexuality provides important empirical insights while avoiding past pitfalls of stigmatizing sexual minorities. Drawing on theories of hegemonic masculinity, emphasized femininity, and minority stress together with criminological general strain theory, we demonstrate how societal expectations and constraints generate strains among GSI groups that may lead to distinctly patterned deviance, using the case of prescription drug misuse during sex. We employ thematic analysis of 120 in-depth interviews with people who misuse prescription drugs, stratified by GSI. We identify six themes highlighting distinct pathways from strain to misuse during sex for different GSI groups: intimacy management, achieving sexual freedom, regulating sexual mood, performance confidence, increased sense of control, and managing sexual identity conflict. In this article, we demonstrate the empirical and theoretical importance of centering gender and sexuality in deviance research and provide a roadmap for theoretical integration.

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