scholarly journals Drink, but don't drive? The alcohol industry’s involvement in global road safety

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie Hoe ◽  
Niloufer Taber ◽  
Sarah Champagne ◽  
Abdulgafoor M Bachani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Mapping Review ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Drink-driving is a major cause of global road traffic fatalities, yet few countries have laws that meet international best practices. One possible reason is the alcohol industry’s opposition to meaningful policies that are perceived to directly threaten sales. Our primary objectives are to document alcohol industry involvement in global road safety policies and programmes and to critically evaluate the responses of public health and road safety communities to this involvement. Under the guidance of the Policy Dystopia Model, we used a mixed methods approach in which data were gathered from expert interviews and a mapping review of 11 databases, 5 watchdog websites and 7 alcohol industry-sponsored initiatives. Triangulation was used to identify points of convergence among data sources. A total of 20 expert interviews and 94 documents were analysed. Our study showed that the alcohol industry acknowledges that drink-driving is an issue but argues for solutions that would limit impact on sales, akin to the message ‘drink—but do not drive’. Industry actors have been involved in road safety through: (1) coalition coupling and decoupling, (2) information production and management, (3) direct involvement in policymaking and (4) implementation of interventions. Our study also shed light on the lack of cohesion within and among the public health and road safety communities, particularly with regard to the topics of receiving funding from and partnering with the alcohol industry. These results were subsequently used to adapt the Policy Dystopia Model as a conceptual framework that illustrates the ways in which the alcohol industry has been involved in global road safety. Several implications can be drawn from this study, including the urgent need to increase awareness about the involvement of the alcohol industry in road safety and to build a cohesive transnational alcohol control advocacy alliance to curb injuries and deaths related to drink-driving.

A Framework Convention on Alcohol Control: Getting Concrete about Its Contents

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Robin ROOM ◽  
Jenny CISNEROS ÖRNBERG
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Draft Convention ◽  
History Of ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

This article proposes and discusses the text of a Framework Convention on Alcohol Control, which would serve public health and welfare interests. The history of alcohol’s omission from current drug treaties is briefly discussed. The paper spells out what should be covered in the treaty, using text adapted primarily from the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, but for the control of trade from the 1961 narcotic drugs treaty. While the draft provides for the treaty to be negotiated under the auspices of the World Health Organization, other auspices are possible. Excluding alcohol industry interests from the negotiation of the treaty is noted as an important precondition. The articles in the draft treaty and their purposes are briefly described, and the divergences from the tobacco treaty are described and justified. The text of the draft treaty is provided as Supplementary Material. Specification of concrete provisions in a draft convention points the way towards more effective global actions and agreements on alcohol control, whatever form they take.

scholarly journals Public Health Nursing Art to Enhance “Strength of Community” in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiko Okamoto ◽  
Masako Kageyama ◽  
Keiko Koide ◽  
Saori Iwamoto ◽  
Kayoko Goda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Public Health Nursing ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Collective Effort ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to shed light on the public health nursing art (PHNA) that enhances “Strength of Community (SC)” with practical activities of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in Japan. Methods: This study used a qualitative, descriptive design. According to the recommendation, we selected the best PHN activities as identified SC was enhanced that was implemented by multiple PHNs. Interviewees were PHNs who were recommended as PHNs who can talk about each activity on the representative of PHNs concerned. Data were collected three times each through a semi-structured interview, each lasting for about one hour. PHNA was classified into six frameworks: Searching; Stimulating; Facilitating; Cooperation; Continuing Quality Improvement; and Policy/Resource Development based on previous studies. Results: The results indicate that the PHNA included in the six frameworks may further be classified into 12 categories and 26 sub-categories. We also identified three elements of social justice, the underlying norm for the concept. 12 categories were extracted two for each framework, {Reality Searching}, {Reality Actualization}; {Ownership Fostering}, {Motivation Support}; {Collective Effort Promotion}, {Full Retention Promotion}; {Collaborative Piloting}, {Opportunity/Platform Provision}; {Capacity Building}, {Quality Management}; {Resource Development} and {Planning/Systematization}. Conclusion: This study succeeded in demonstrating that the PHNA to enhance SC was collected, refined, and structured in a multidisciplinary and comprehensive manner, within the context of promoting positive health among the population. In the future, the remaining challenges include the substantiation of the PHNA at the sub-category level and the development and dissemination of programs to master them.

Measures on the Impact-Spread of Road Accidents

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 1081-1084
Author(s):  
Han Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Accident Prevention ◽  
Safety System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
The Impact

Road safety system has been a concern topic for many scholars worldwide. Although there are many analysis papers on road traffic accident prevention, security, emergency rescue, safety evaluation and other aspects, there is no a thorough and complete opinion on road safety system. The study of these issues can cause a traffic accident prevention, to reduce the incidence of traffic accidents, summing up the spread of some of the impact of traffic on the control of the effective ways to combat the public security organs to reduce the incidence of traffic accidents guidance.

Detection of Gait Patterns in Challenging Environments

2008 ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Lynch ◽  
Daniel T.H. Lai ◽  
Rezaul Begg
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Gait Patterns ◽  
Care Community ◽  
The Public ◽  
Hospital Stays

One in three individuals over the age of 65 years (elderly) will fall at least once a year (James, 1993). This probability increases to one in two adults over 80 years (DHA, 2005). Consequently, gait modifications associated with ageing have been linked with increased falls’ probability (Berg, Alessio, Mills, & Tong, 1997; Lord, Sherrington, & Menz, 2001). Despite an increasing research interest in recent times into the aetiology of falls, particularly in the elderly (>65 years), falls continue to be a major public health concern in Australia and worldwide. Fall-related injuries are the leading cause of accidental death in the elderly population, and account for the largest cause of hospitalisation for this population (Lord et al., 2001), with many elderly individuals experiencing physical, social, or functional ramifications following a fall. Consequently, the economic cost of falls to the public health system is escalating, with the total cost of fall injuries reported to be higher than road traffic injuries (DOH, 2004). The majority of falls associated costs include physician consultation, hospital stays, nursing homecare, rehabilitation, medical equipment, home modification and care, community based services, and prescription drugs and administration (DOH, 2004; Lord et al., 2001). Healthcare and related costs associated with falls are expected to double over the next 50 years (Close & Lord, 2006).

scholarly journals Your call is important to us: COVID-19 and trends in Public Health Unit call service utilization

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Zachary B Horn ◽  
Alexandra M Uren ◽  
Megan K Young
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Health Unit ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Public Health Unit ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Phone Service

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Analyze COVID-19 related call data at Metro North Public Health Unit, Brisbane Australia, over the 2020 calendar year to assist surge preparedness. METHODS Call data was retrieved by call category or reference to ‘COVID’ in summaries from the call management system at a large metropolitan public health service. Under a mixed-methods approach, qualitative data (caller, call purpose, and call outcome) was categorized with categories arising de novo. Resulting variables were numerically analyzed to identify trends by categories and time. RESULTS Of the 3,468 calls retrieved, 160 duplicates and 26 irrelevant calls were excluded. Of 3,282 included calls, General Practitioners, followed by the public, contributed the greatest call volumes. Healthcare-related callers and the public made 84.2% of calls. Calls most frequently related to patient testing (40.7%) and isolation/quarantine (23.2%). Education provision accounted for 29.4% of all outcomes. 11.8% of all call outcomes involved applying relevant case definitions. 49.1% of calls were identified as potentially preventable through effective ERC and targeted call-handling. CONCLUSIONS This study identified key drivers of public health unit phone service utilization related to the COVID-19 pandemic throughout 2020. The results highlighted where risk perception influenced call volume and provided important insights for future public health preparedness.

scholarly journals AWARENESS AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS ROAD SAFETY AMONG UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS FROM LIAQUAT UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES JAMSHORO PAKISTAN

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-156
Author(s):  
Mudassar Hussain ◽  
Katrina A. Ronis
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Traffic Signs

Background: Road safety is not just a traffic law's enforcement problem for police; it is a major public health problem. It is public health concern, a burden of accident-related injuries, disabilities & mortalities on Health Services. Road traffic injuries are predicted to become the 5thleading cause of death globally by 2030, particularly amongst the young age group and middle aged group individuals who represent as most economically productive age group of the country. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted to ascertain the level of awareness and assess the attitude towards road safety measures among medical students in LUMHS Jamshoro. A pre structured and translated questionnaire was developed in order to interview the participants, total of 351 students were included in this study. Data analyses was done on SPSS version 20.0 and MS excel was also used for tables. Results: Over all attitude level towards seat belt usage shows (52.7%) were negative attitude level towards seat belt usage and remaining (47.3%) students had positive attitude. Over all attitude level towards helmet usage shows (47%) were negative attitude level towards helmet usage and (53%) were positive attitude. About 53.3% students were negative attitudes level to speeding. 57.3% students were having negative attitude level to driving after drinking alcohol or taking drugs. About Sixty five percentage students were shows over all negative level of attitude towards law and enforcement. Over all awareness level shows more than fifty percent 191(54.4%) having less level of awareness of road traffic measures and remaining 160(45.6%) were having more level of awareness, there is slightly high awareness in females (49%) then male (40.8%).more than sixty percent 63.5% participants were show over all less awareness about traffic signs and more female (40.6%) are aware then male (31.5%) about road traffic signs. Conclusion: conducted study put emphasis to generate awareness and attitude in medical students through awareness campaign, trainings, and curriculum activities accordingly to change behavior of medical students and control the epidemic of RTA's.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document