American Heart Association ideal cardiovascular health score and subclinical atherosclerosis in 22–35-year-old adults conceived with and without assisted reproductive technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Juonala ◽  
Sharon Lewis ◽  
Robert McLachlan ◽  
Karin Hammarberg ◽  
Joanne Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Health Score ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Is ART related with the association of American Heart Association (AHA) ideal cardiovascular health score and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis? SUMMARY ANSWER The associations between AHA score and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in ART and non-ART groups were similar in magnitude. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Long-term consequences of ART on cardiovascular health are unknown. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The study cohort for the cross-sectional analyses consisted of 172 ART-conceived and 78 non-ART conceived individuals of same age (range 22–35 years). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Cardiovascular risk factor status was evaluated with American Heart Association (AHA) ideal cardiovascular health score consisting of seven factors (body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, glucose, diet and physical activity, non-smoking). Carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT), arterial pulse-wave velocity (PWV) and retinal microvascular parameters were evaluated as markers of early atherosclerosis. Group comparisons in continuous variables were performed with t-tests. For categorical variables, comparisons were performed with chi-square tests. The relationships between AHA score and the markers of atherosclerosis were examined with linear regression analyses adjusted for age and sex. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE There was no difference in AHA ideal health score between the ART and non-ART groups; mean (SD) scores were 4.1(1.4) versus 4.0(1.5), respectively, P = 0.65. No differences were observed between groups for any individual ideal health metric (P always >0.2). AHA score was not associated with cIMT or retinal measures in either group (P always >0.05). An inverse association was observed between AHA score and PWV in the ART group (beta (95% CI) −0.18(−0.26 to −0.10)). A numerically similar relationship was observed in the smaller non-ART group (−0.19(−0.39 to 0.01)). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Even though this cohort is among the largest ART studies with extensive cardiovascular data, the sample is still relatively small and the statistical power is limited. As the study population was still in early adulthood, we were not able to evaluate the associations with clinical cardiovascular events, but utilized non-invasive methods to assess early markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These findings suggest that ART-conceived individuals do not have increased vulnerability for cardiovascular risk factors. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by a National Health & Medical Research Council Project Grant (APP1099641), The Royal Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Monash IVF Research and Education Foundation, and Reproductive Biology Unit Sperm Fund, Melbourne IVF. The authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article to disclose.

Abstract P003: Distribution of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics in US and Non-US populations: A Meta-Analysis of Proportions

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Younus ◽  
Ehimen Aneni ◽  
Oluseye Ogunmoroti ◽  
Omar Jamal ◽  
Shozab Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Heart Association ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Us Studies

Introduction: With the development of new health metrics to define ideal cardiovascular health (CVH), several studies have examined the distribution of the American Heart Association (AHA) 2020 ideal CVH metrics both within and outside the United States (US). In this meta-analysis of proportions, we synthesized available data on ideal CVH metrics distribution in US cohorts and compared them with non-US populations. Methods: A MEDLINE database search was conducted using relevant free text terms such as “life’s simple 7”, “AHA 2020”, “American Heart Association 2020” and “ideal cardiovascular health” between January 2000 and October 2014. Studies were included in the meta-analysis if the proportions achieving ideal for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or ≥6 ideal CVH metrics were known or could be estimated. A meta-analysis of proportions was conducted for US and non-US studies using a random effect model (REM). REM models were chosen because of the significant heterogeneity among studies. Results: Overall the pooled data consisted of 10 US cohorts with a total population of 94,761 participants and 6 non-US cohorts with a total of 130,242 participants. The table shows the pooled prevalence of ideal CVH factors in this population. Overall the pooled estimates of US cohorts showed 15% had 0-1 ideal CVH metrics (inter-study range: 7-22%), while 3% (inter-study range: 1-10%) had 6-7 ideal CVH metrics. This is comparable to 12% (inter-study range 1-17%) and 2% (inter-study range: 1-12%) for 0-1 and 6-7 ideal CVH metrics in the non-US studies. Conclusion: The proportion of persons achieving 6 or more ideal CVH metrics in both US and non-US cohorts is very low and the distribution of CVH metrics is similar in both US and non-US populations. Considering the strong association with worse outcomes, a coordinated global effort at improving CVH should be considered a priority.

Abstract P015: A Novel Healthy Blood Pressure Phenotype is Associated With Better Cardiovascular Health Benefits and Neuropsychological Performance in the Long Life Family Study

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M Marron ◽  
Robert M Boudreau ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Stephanie Cosentino ◽  
Mary Feitosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Blood Pressure Phenotype ◽  
The U.S

Introduction: We assessed the hypothesis that a novel healthy blood pressure phenotype is familial and sought to identify factors associated with this phenotype in the Long Life Family Study (LLFS). Methods: The LLFS is a unique multi-center, international study that recruited families demonstrating clustering for longevity. Families were recruited from four centers; three in the U.S.: Boston, New York, and Pittsburgh and one in Denmark. The pedigrees included two generations: 1) probands and their siblings and 2) offspring of participants in the proband generation. Offspring (n=2211, ages 32-88, mean age=60.5; 43% male) were classified as having healthy blood pressure if their age- and sex-adjusted systolic blood pressure z-score was between -1.5 and -0.5 (i.e., a systolic blood pressure lower than expected for their age and sex, but not “too low”). Offspring on anti-hypertensive medications were classified as not having healthy blood pressure. Families (n=419) were defined as having healthy blood pressure if ≥2 and ≥50% of their offspring met the healthy blood pressure phenotype. Results: There were 476 (22%) offspring who met the healthy blood pressure phenotype. These offspring tended to have a better health profile than remaining offspring. When examining families, only 44 (11%) families met the criteria for healthy blood pressure. Both offspring and probands from families with healthy blood pressure performed better on neuropsychological tests that place demands on complex attention and executive function than offspring and probands from remaining families. Among families with healthy blood pressure, a higher proportion of offspring met the American Heart Association ideal cardiovascular health definition compared to remaining families (11% versus 4%, respectively, p<0.0001; not including the diet component). There was also a larger proportion of probands (n=1164, ages 71-110, mean age=90.5; 45% male) who met the American Heart Association ideal cardiovascular health definition when compared to the U.S. prevalence for ≥6 components among those ages ≥60 (1% versus 0.1%, respectively). Conclusion: In this cohort of familial longevity, few families had a novel healthy blood pressure phenotype in multiple members. Families and individuals with healthy blood pressure performed better on neuropsychological tests that represent aspects of executive function and had a higher proportion with ideal cardiovascular health than the U.S. population. In summary, a novel healthy blood pressure phenotype was rarely familial in this cohort; however, when it was, it was associated with cognitive and cardiovascular health benefits. Blood pressure may be a key pathway for family longevity.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic position and intergenerational associations of ideal health behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 1605-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaisla Komulainen ◽  
Murray A Mittleman ◽  
Markus Jokela ◽  
Tomi T Laitinen ◽  
Katja Pahkala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health

Background Promoting ideal cardiovascular health behaviors is an objective of the American Heart Association 2020 goals. We hypothesized that ideal health behaviors of parents are associated with health behaviors of their adult offspring, and that higher socioeconomic position in either generation enhances intergenerational associations of ideal health behaviors. Design Prospective cohort study. Methods We included 1856 Young Finns Study participants who had repeated measurements of socioeconomic position (education, income, occupation), smoking status, body mass index, physical activity and diet from 2001, 2007 and 2011, and data on parental socioeconomic position and health behaviors from 1980. We calculated the total number of ideal behaviors in both generations using American Heart Association definitions. Intergenerational associations were examined using ordinal and linear multilevel regression with random intercepts, in which each participant contributed one, two or three measurements of adult health behaviors (2001, 2007, 2011). All analyses were adjusted for offspring sex, birth year, age, parental education and single parenthood. Results Overall, parental ideal health behaviors were associated with ideal behaviors among offspring (odds ratio (OR) 1.28, 95% confidence interval 1.17, 1.39). Furthermore, ORs for these intergenerational associations were greater among offspring whose parents or who themselves had higher educational attainment (OR 1.56 for high vs. OR 1.19 for low parental education; P = 0.01 for interaction, OR 1.32 for high vs. OR 1.04 for low offspring education; P = 0.02 for interaction). Similar trends were seen with parental income and offspring occupation. Results from linear regression analyses were similar. Conclusions These prospective data suggest higher socioeconomic position in parents or in their adult offspring strengthens the intergenerational continuum of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors.

Abstract P003: Comparison of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Status Across National Representative Cohorts: A Systematic Review

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Younus ◽  
Rehan Malik ◽  
Rameez Ahmad ◽  
Shozab Ali ◽  
Muhammad Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Heart Association ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Sustainable Improvement ◽  
Majority Population ◽  
Cross National

Introduction: In 2010, the American Heart Association set 2020 national goals for promoting cardiovascular health (CVH), emphasizing measurement of reproducible health behaviors and health factors and attaining ideal CVH status. In recent years, significant emphasis has been placed on adopting these metrics globally to monitor strategies to improve CVH. In this study, we synthesize available data to compare distribution of CVH metric metrics detailed in national representative cohorts a focus on presence of ideal CVH (ICVH). Method: A MEDLINE database search was conducted using relevant free text terms such as “life’s simple 7”, “AHA 2020”, “American Heart Association 2020” and “Ideal cardiovascular health”. Ideal CVH was defined as 6-7 ideal factors; conversely poor ICVH was considered as 0-1 ideal factors. Results: The pooled data comprised of 7 cross-national cohorts with a total of 152289 participants from India, United States, China, Spain, Korea, Luxembourg and Republic of Srpska. Significant variations in individual ideal CVH metrics were noted. Across population cohorts, diet metric consistently appeared suboptimal apart from Korea in which 55% participants reported ideal diet status. Overall majority population in each of the 7 cross-national cohorts lied in the range having 2-5 ideal CV health metrics (79-88%). A very small percentage of each population had 0-1 METRICS, with Spain, USA and Republic of Srpska having the highest percentage (18%) of reported poor ICVH. On the other hand, only representative cohorts from China and Korea reported ideal CVH status in more than 10% population. Conclusion: Overall suboptimal proportion of national representative cohorts have reported ideal CVH status. Significant efforts are needed to streamline current policies for enhancing CVH and sharpening focus interventions that will yield the greatest sustainable improvement in population CVH status.

scholarly journals Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim S. Virani ◽  
Alvaro Alonso ◽  
Emelia J. Benjamin ◽  
Marcio S. Bittencourt ◽  
Clifton W. Callaway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Healthcare Administrators

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports on the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). Methods: The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2020 Statistical Update is the product of a full year’s worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year’s edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, metrics to assess and monitor healthy diets, an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, a focus on the global burden of cardiovascular disease, and further evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the American Heart Association’s 2020 Impact Goals. Results: Each of the 26 chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. Conclusions: The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policy makers, media professionals, clinicians, healthcare administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of American Heart Association defined ideal cardiovascular health metrics in Nepal: findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Ghimire ◽  
Nipun Shrestha ◽  
Bishal Gyawali ◽  
Pranil Man Singh Pradhan ◽  
Shiva Raj Mishra
Keyword(s):  
American Heart Association ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The Status

Abstract Background The ever-increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is posing a serious health challenge for Nepal. This study examines the status of ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) and its associated determinants in Nepal using the American Heart Association (AHA) definition of ICH metrics. Methods The AHA has defined ICH as having five to seven of the ideal health metrics. A representative sample from the NCD risk factors STEPS survey 2013 were drawn to analyse the prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of ideal, intermediate and poor cardiovascular health in Nepal. Multivariable logistic regression was used to measure the determinants of ICH. Results More than half of the participants had ICH metrics (51.6%), with the 45–69 y age group having the lowest prevalence of ICH (28%) and females having better cardiovascular health compared with their male counterparts (60.6% vs 41.7%). The prevalence of low intake of fruit and vegetables, tobacco smoking and elevated blood pressure were quite high (99%, 18.8% and 31.4%, respectively). The status of ICH declined with age: individuals 15–29 y of age had 6 times (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.80–8.60) higher odds of having ICH compared with those who were 45–69 y, and it was low among urban residents (referent: rural; adjusted odds ratio 0.77 [95% CI 0.58–1.01]). Conclusions Nearly half of the participants had ICH, which declined with ageing. Further, urban residents had poor cardiovascular health. This highlights the need for a comprehensive population-based intervention targeting elderly and urban residents to improve overall cardiovascular health.

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim S. Virani ◽  
Alvaro Alonso ◽  
Hugo J. Aparicio ◽  
Emelia J. Benjamin ◽  
Marcio S. Bittencourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
American Heart Association ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

BACKGROUND: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS: The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2021 Statistical Update is the product of a full year’s worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year’s edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, vascular contributions to brain health, the global burden of cardiovascular disease, and further evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors related to cardiovascular disease. RESULTS: Each of the 27 chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS: The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policy makers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.

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