scholarly journals Northwest Atlantic mackerel population structure evaluated using otolith δ18O composition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Gray Redding ◽  
L W Cooper ◽  
M Castonguay ◽  
C Wiernicki ◽  
D H Secor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Northwest Atlantic ◽  
Atlantic Population ◽  
Atlantic Mackerel ◽  
Scomber Scombrus ◽  
Natal Origin ◽  
Spawning Site

Abstract The Northwest Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) population is comprised of northern and southern contingents, each with distinct natal regions in the United States and Canada. We tested hypotheses on natal origin and contingent mixing by analysing natal otolith δ18O values, evaluating the approach through an out-group comparison with the Northeast Atlantic population. Otolith δ18O values varied according to expectations between the Northeast (higher) and the Northwest (lower) Atlantic basins, and between contingents within the Northwest Atlantic stock, although contingent differences varied between years. Most adults (age-3+ years) sampled from US waters (1999–2003) represented the northern contingent (Canadian spawning site). The confirmation of the seasonal mixing of older and larger fish between the two contingents provides support and justification for the development of bi-national (United States–Canada) assessment and management of Northwest Atlantic mackerel.

Spatial and temporal distribution of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) along the northeast coast of the United States, 1985–1999

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1151-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary K. Radlinski ◽  
Miles A. Sundermeyer ◽  
James J. Bisagni ◽  
Steven X. Cadrin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Atlantic Mackerel ◽  
Scomber Scombrus ◽  
Northeast Coast

Abstract Radlinski, M. K., Sundermeyer, M. A., Bisagni, J. J., and Cadrin, S. X. 2013. Spatial and temporal distribution of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) along the northeast coast of the United States, 1985–1999. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 1151–1161. The distribution of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) during their spring migration along the Mid-Atlantic Bight and into the Gulf of Maine has historically been associated with spring warming along the continental shelf. Variations in mackerel distributions based on National Marine Fisheries Service spring surveys were compared with variations in sea surface temperature (SST) from satellite remote sensing for the eastern US continental shelf for the period 1985–1999. The mackerel stock was first analysed as a unit, then separated into three size classes to assess differences in distribution among years and individuals of various lengths. Results showed an across-shelf correlation between catch and March SST in the Mid-Atlantic Bight for both the entire population and each size class. Along-shelf catch variations were correlated with SST for large mackerel, but not total stock or smaller size classes. Finally, the distribution of mackerel length in the Gulf of Maine was negatively correlated with March SST in the Great South Channel. Results suggest surface temperature along the northeast continental shelf may be used to predict certain, but not all, aspects of annual migration along the shelf, and that factors in addition to temperature are also important in controlling distributions of Atlantic mackerel.

scholarly journals Population structure of Drosophila suzukii and signals of multiple invasions into the continental United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle M Lewald ◽  
Antoine Abrieux ◽  
Derek A Wilson ◽  
Yoosook Lee ◽  
William R Conner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiple Invasions

Drosophila suzukii, or spotted-wing drosophila, is now an established pest in many parts of the world, causing significant damage to numerous fruit crop industries. Native to East Asia, D. suzukii infestations started in the United States a decade ago, occupying a wide range of climates. To better understand invasion ecology of this pest, knowledge of past migration events, population structure, and genetic diversity is needed. To improve on previous studies examining genetic structure of D. suzukii, we sequenced whole genomes of 237 individual flies collected across the continental U.S., as well as several representative sites in Europe, Brazil, and Asia, to identify hundreds of thousands of genetic markers for analysis. We analyzed these markers to detect population structure, to reconstruct migration events, and to estimate genetic diversity and differentiation within and among the continents. We observed strong population structure between West and East Coast populations in the U.S., but no evidence of any population structure North to South, suggesting there is no broad-scale adaptations occurring in response to the large differences in regional weather conditions. We also find evidence of repeated migration events from Asia into North America have provided increased levels of genetic diversity, which does not appear to be the case for Brazil or Europe. This large genomic dataset will spur future research into genomic adaptations underlying D. suzukii pest activity and development of novel control methods for this agricultural pest.

scholarly journals Contrasting Patterns of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Armillaria mellea sensu stricto in the Eastern and Western United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 708-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra Baumgartner ◽  
Renaud Travadon ◽  
Johann Bruhn ◽  
Sarah E. Bergemann
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Armillaria Mellea ◽  
Genetic Pools

Armillaria mellea infects hundreds of plant species in natural and managed ecosystems throughout the Northern hemisphere. Previously reported nuclear genetic divergence between eastern and western U.S. isolates is consistent with the disjunct range of A. mellea in North America, which is restricted mainly to both coasts of the United States. We investigated patterns of population structure and genetic diversity of the eastern (northern and southern Appalachians, Ozarks, and western Great Lakes) and western (Berkeley, Los Angeles, St. Helena, and San Jose, CA) regions of the United States. In total, 156 diploid isolates were genotyped using 12 microsatellite loci. Absence of genetic differentiation within either eastern subpopulations (θST = –0.002, P = 0.5 ) or western subpopulations (θST = 0.004, P = 0.3 ) suggests that spore dispersal within each region is sufficient to prevent geographic differentiation. In contrast to the western United States, our finding of more than one genetic cluster of isolates within the eastern United States (K = 3), revealed by Bayesian assignment of multilocus genotypes in STRUCTURE and confirmed by genetic multivariate analyses, suggests that eastern subpopulations are derived from multiple founder sources. The existence of amplifiable and nonamplifiable loci and contrasting patterns of genetic diversity between the two regions demonstrate that there are two geographically isolated, divergent genetic pools of A. mellea in the United States.

scholarly journals Single population and common natal origin for Adriatic Scomber scombrus stocks: evidence from an integrated approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Papetti ◽  
Antonio Di Franco ◽  
Lorenzo Zane ◽  
Paolo Guidetti ◽  
Valeria De Simone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Spawning Ground ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Atlantic Mackerel ◽  
Scomber Scombrus ◽  
Natal Origin

Abstract Papetti, C., Di Franco, A., Zane, L., Guidetti, P., De Simone, V., Spizzotin, M., Zorica, B., Čikeš Keč, V. and Mazzoldi, C. 2013. Single population and common natal origin for Adriatic Scomber scombrus stocks: evidence from an integrated approach – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 387–398. In order to implement proper fishery management strategies aimed at avoiding stock declines, information about connectivity among stocks and populations is critically required. In this perspective, the present study investigated population structure of the Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus in the northern–central Adriatic Sea by integrating multiple approaches (analysis of fisheries data, population genetics, and otolith chemistry). Monthly data of fishery landings indicate a latitudinal trend along the western Adriatic coast, with Atlantic mackerel disappearing from the northern waters in winter, corresponding to the reproductive season. Population genetic analyses by genotyping of eight microsatellites clearly point to the presence of a single panmictic population in the northern–central Adriatic Sea. Otolith cores of samples from the northern–central Adriatic were chemically homogeneous, suggesting a common spawning ground. These results strongly suggest that Atlantic mackerel perform an autumn–winter migration in the northern–central Adriatic Sea, from the northern to the central sector, to reach a single spawning ground, and that a single population is present in this area. Considering that S. scombrus has shown a marked decline in the last 40 years in the Adriatic, this study highlights a potential high vulnerability to collapse by overfishing for the Atlantic mackerel stocks in this geographic area.

A novel assessment of population structure and gene flow in grey wolf populations of the Northern Rocky Mountains of the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (20) ◽  
pp. 4412-4427 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIDGETT M. VONHOLDT ◽  
DANIEL R. STAHLER ◽  
EDWARD E. BANGS ◽  
DOUGLAS W. SMITH ◽  
MIKE D. JIMENEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
The United States ◽  
Grey Wolf ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains

scholarly journals Pyricularia grisea Causing Gray Leaf Spot of Perennial Ryegrass Turf: Population Structure and Host Specificity

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 817-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Viji ◽  
B. Wu ◽  
S. Kang ◽  
W. Uddin ◽  
D. R. Huff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gray Leaf Spot ◽  
Pyricularia Grisea ◽  
Highly Virulent

Gray leaf spot is a serious disease of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) turf in the United States. Isolates of Pyricularia grisea causing the disease in perennial ryegrass were characterized using molecular markers and pathogenicity assays on various gramineous hosts. Genetic relationships among perennial ryegrass isolates were determined using different types of trans-posons as probes. Phylogenetic analysis using Pot2 and MGR586 probes, analyzed with AMOVA (analysis of molecular variance), showed that these isolates from perennial ryegrass consist of three closely related lineages. All the isolates belonged to a single mating type, MAT1-2. Among 20 isolates from 16 host species other than perennial ryegrass, only the isolates from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and triticale (× Triticosecale), showed notable similarity to the perennial ryegrass isolates based on their Pot2 fingerprints. The copy number and fingerprints of Pot2 and MGR586 in isolates of P. grisea from perennial ryegrass indicate that they are genetically distinct from the isolates derived from rice (Oryza sativa) in the United States. The perennial ryegrass isolates also had the same sequence in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the genes encoding ribosomal RNA as that of the wheat and triticale isolates, and exhibited rice isolate sequence polymorphisms. In pathogenicity assays, all the isolates of P. grisea from Legacy II perennial ryegrass caused characteristic blast symptoms on Marilee soft white winter wheat, Bennett hard red winter wheat, Era soft white spring wheat, and Presto triticale, and they were highly virulent on these hosts. An isolate from wheat and one from triticale (from Brazil) were also highly virulent on perennial ryegrass and Rebel III tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). None of the isolates from perennial ryegrass caused the disease on Lagrue rice, and vice versa. Understanding the population structure of P. grisea isolates infecting perennial ryegrass and their relatedness to isolates from other gramineous hosts may aid in identifying alternate hosts for this pathogen.

scholarly journals Population Structure of Atlantic Mackerel (Scomber scombrus)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. e64744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teunis Jansen ◽  
Henrik Gislason
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Atlantic Mackerel ◽  
Scomber Scombrus

scholarly journals International Commission for Northwest Atlantic Fisheries

1953 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-301
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
New England ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Northwest Atlantic ◽  
Fish Resources ◽  
Executive Secretary ◽  
Proposed Regulation

The second annual meeting of the International Commission for Northwest Atlantic Fisheries met at St. Andrews, New Brunswick, Canada, June 30–July 9, 1952. Among the matters considered by the commission were a review of the activities of the organization since the first meeting in April 1951, permanent headquarters for die organization, election of a new chairman and executive secretary, the 1952–1953 budget, and the composition of the five sub-areas into which the commission area was divided. In addition, the commission considered recommendations formulated at a meeting of members of sub-area V held in Ottawa on February 26, 1952. The United States and Canada, who comprised the sub-area adjacent to the New England coast, recommended that the commission 1) instruct the Research and Statistics Committee to make a detailed study of all fish resources falling within the purview of the commission; 2) consider a proposed regulation for haddock fishing, including a proposal to increase the average mesh size of nets used in fishing for haddock off the New England coast; and 3) call the attention of interested governments to a recommended research program concerning haddock.

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