Otolith-derived estimates of marine temperature use by West Greenland Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 2139-2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Minke-Martin ◽  
J. Brian Dempson ◽  
Timothy F. Sheehan ◽  
Michael Power
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Micro Milling ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Preferred Temperatures

Abstract Otolith-derived estimates of mean marine temperatures used by West Greenland 1SW Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) of North American origin were determined for fish collected in 2009 and 2010. Otolith material corresponding to the second summer at sea was subsampled, via micro-milling, and analysed by mass spectrometry to produce stable oxygen isotope (δ18O) values from which temperature use estimates were obtained from a salmonid-based fractionation equation. Mean temperature estimates did not differ significantly by period (early vs. late summer), or capture year. The mean and variation estimates were also consistent with temperature use values previously published in the literature or derived from the limited number of data storage tags that have been retrieved for Atlantic salmon, with 80% of all individuals occupying temperatures in the 3.9–9.7°C range. Among-individual differences in temperature use did not correlate with measured otolith growth zone widths. Given the temporal, spatial and methodological variation associated with the derivation of marine temperature use estimates for Atlantic salmon, the data were interpreted to define a range of preferred temperatures within which among-individual differences in growth were driven by the interaction of feeding and temperature use, possibly as a result of the opportunistic feeding behaviour known to predominate among Atlantic salmon.

scholarly journals Marine feeding areas and vertical movements of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) as inferred from recoveries of data storage tags

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1087-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigurður Guðjónsson ◽  
Sigurður Már Einarsson ◽  
Ingi Rúnar Jónsson ◽  
Jóhannes Guðbrandsson
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Irminger Sea ◽  
Data Storage Tags ◽  
Solar Noon ◽  
Diurnal Behavior

We released 598 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) hatchery smolts in a river in Iceland in 2005 and 2006 tagged with data storage tags recording temperature and (depth) continuously. Five salmon returned in 2006 and two in 2007, all spending 1 year at sea. The complete temperature and depth profiles of the whole ocean migration were measured. The salmon stayed close to the surface most of the time and showed diurnal behavior, staying at slightly deeper waters during day. The salmon were in temperatures from 6 to 15 °C, with warmer temperatures in the summer. We compared the fish-recorded temperature with sea surface temperature from an available National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration database to locate the fish at different times. Utilizing the diurnal behavior of the salmon, we estimated solar noon each day during winter. Sea surface temperatures and diurnal activity were used to estimate daily locations using established Hidden Markov Model for fish geolocation. The salmon in the study stayed southwest of Iceland in the Irminger Sea during the first summer months, but in the fall they moved towards the Faroes Islands and then back to the Irminger Sea where they stayed, until returning to the river. The salmon also took shorter and deeper dives (>100 m) during the latter part of their ocean migration.

Effects of Oceanic Variations and the West Greenland Fishery on Age at Maturity of Icelandic West Coast Stocks of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis L. Scarnecchia ◽  
Árni Ísaksson ◽  
S. E. White
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
The West ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Salmon Fishery

Investigations were conducted on the effects of oceanic variations (as measured by sea temperatures) and catches by the West Greenland salmon fishery on the sea age composition of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) stocks from 21 Icelandic west coast rivers. Annual ratios of grilse to two-sea-winter (2SW) salmon were strongly correlated among the 21 rivers. All eight rivers with time series extending back before the expansion of the West Greenland fishery showed lower ratios during the earlier period. Only 2 of the 21 rivers, however, had significantly declining ratios over their time series. In addition, for only one river was West Greenland catch significantly related to the ratios (P < 0.05), and for only one river did ratios increase when the expanded West Greenland fishery was active. Overall, the effects of the fishery on stock composition are evidently minimal. The mean April–May temperature when the smolts were to migrate out of rivers was significantly and positively related to subsequent ratios for five of the rivers, which, along with correlations among the ratios, indicated that more rapid growth of smolts in their first summer may have increased the ratios of grilse to 2SW salmon on several rivers.

Nocturnal activity of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in late summer: evidence of diel activity partitioning

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1408-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabe Gries ◽  
Kevin G Whalen ◽  
Francis Juanes ◽  
Donna L Parrish
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Juvenile Salmon ◽  
Time Budgets ◽  
Nocturnal Activity ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Juvenile Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Young Of The Year

Paired day-night underwater counts of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were completed on tributaries of the West River, Vermont, U.S.A., between 28 August and 10 September 1995. At water temperatures ranging from 13 to 23°C, the relative count of juvenile salmon was greater at night. Nocturnal counts differed for young-of-the-year and post-young-of-the-year (PYOY) salmon, with PYOY exhibiting almost exclusive nocturnal activity. Nocturnal activity in late summer may enable salmon to maintain population densities when space and suitable feeding areas may be limited. Nocturnal activity of juvenile salmon should be considered in studies of habitat use, competition, time budgets, and associated bioenergetic processes.

Discrimination between Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) of North American and European Origin using Restriction Analyses of Mitochondrial DNA

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 884-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eldredge Bermingham ◽  
Stephen H. Forbes ◽  
Kevin Friedland ◽  
Carles Pla
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
North American ◽  
Restriction Endonucleases ◽  
The West ◽  
European Origin ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The North

Twenty restriction endonucleases were used to study mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphism in 11 hatchery strains of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) representing geographically separated populations in Europe and North America. The North American salmon mtDNAs studied were readily distinguished, by a minimum of seven restriction site differences, from fish of European origin. These results suggested that restriction analyses of mtDNA might provide a useful method for determining the proportions of European and North American Atlantic salmon caught in the West Greenland fishery. To test this proposition, we analyzed 328 salmon caught in the 1987 West Greenland fishery including 68 fish with coded wire or Carlin tags which provided the geographic source of the tagged salmon. We correctly identified the continent of origin for 67 of the 68 physically tagged salmon using two informative restriction endonucleases. This study provides a clear indication of the usefulness of mtDNA for discriminating between European and North American Atlantic salmon caught in the West Greenland fishery and for mixed-fishery analysis in general.

scholarly journals Heart rate and swimming activity as indicators of post-surgical recovery time of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Føre ◽  
Eirik Svendsen ◽  
Finn Økland ◽  
Albin Gräns ◽  
Jo Arve Alfredsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
In The Wild

Abstract Background: Fish telemetry using electronic transmitter or data storage tags has become a common method for studying free-swimming fish both in the wild and in aquaculture. However, fish used in aquatic telemetry studies must be handled, anaesthetised and often subjected to surgical procedures to be equipped with tags, processes that will shift the fish from their normal physiological and behavioural states. In many projects, information is needed on when the fish has recovered after handling and tagging so that only the data recorded after the fish has fully recovered are used in analyses. We aimed to establish recovery times of adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after an intraperitoneal tagging procedure featuring handling, anaesthesia and surgery.Results: Based on ECG and accelerometer data collected with telemetry from nine individual Atlantic salmon during the first period after tagging, we found that heart rate was initially elevated in all fish, and that it took an average of 4 days for heart rate to return to an assumed baseline level. Although activity levels assessed from acceleration appeared to be less affected by the tagging procedure, baseline levels were on average reached after 3.4 days for this parameter.Conclusion: Our findings showed that the Atlantic salmon used in this study on average required 3-4 days of recovery after tagging before tag data could be considered valid. Moreover, the differences between recovery times for heart rate and activity imply that recovery time recommendations should be developed based on a combination of indicators and not just on e.g. behavioural observations.

Continent of origin of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) at West Greenland

1988 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Reddin ◽  
D. E. Stansbury ◽  
P. B. Short
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar
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