scholarly journals 783Lifetime alcohol intake and stomach cancer risk: a pooled analysis of two prospective cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harindra Jayasekara ◽  
Robert MacInnis ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Allison Hodge ◽  
Hazel Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cardia Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Alcohol consumption is causally linked to several cancer sites but the evidence for stomach cancer is still inconclusive. We aimed to quantify the association between alcohol intake and risk of stomach cancer, including subtypes. Methods We pooled data from two cohort studies including 452,958 individuals enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in 1992-98 and 38,756 Australians enrolled in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study in 1990-94. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident stomach cancer were estimated using Cox regression. Results 1,225 incident stomach cancers were diagnosed over 7,094,637 person-years. Alcohol intake was not associated with overall stomach cancer risk. We observed a weak positive dose-response association for lifetime intake with non-cardia stomach cancer (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.06/per 10 g/day increment), which is the more common type (77.6% of cases), and a weak inverse association with cardia cancer (HR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87-1.00) (phomogeneity=0.006). These associations did not differ appreciably by smoking or Helicobacter pylori infection status. Differences in HRs between diffuse-type and intestinal-type cancer were minimal (phomogeneity=0.97). HRs of 1.50 (95% CI: 1.12-2.01) for non-cardia and 0.53 (95% CI: 0.27-1.02) for cardia cancer were observed for a life course trajectory characterised by sustained heavy drinking compared with light drinking (phomogeneity=0.01). Conclusions Lifetime alcohol intake was associated with increased risk of non-cardia stomach cancer. The inverse association for cardia cancer indicates aetiologic differences between subsites. Key messages Limiting long-term alcohol consumption, and avoiding heavy use in particular, might be beneficial in preventing non-cardia stomach cancer.

scholarly journals 863Alcohol and cancer in an Australian cohort of 226,162 participants aged 45 years and over

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Sarich ◽  
Karen Canfell ◽  
Sam Egger ◽  
Emily Banks ◽  
Grace Joshy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Local Evidence ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Australia has a relatively high level of alcohol consumption. Although alcohol consumption is known to increase the risk of several cancer types internationally, local evidence for Australia is limited. Methods Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cancer risk in relation to weekly alcohol consumption among 226,162 participants aged ≥45 years (2006-2009) in the 45 and Up Study, an Australian prospective cohort study. Incident cancer cases were ascertained by linkage to the New South Wales Cancer Registry to December 2013 by the Centre for Health Record Linkage. Results Over a median 5.4 years, 17,332 cancers were diagnosed. Increasing levels of alcohol intake were associated with increased risk of any cancer (HR per seven drink increase in weekly consumption: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.04), and cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (1.19;1.10-1.29), mouth/pharynx (1.18;1.08-1.29), oesophagus (1.22;1.04-1.43), colorectum (1.09;1.04-1.15), colon (1.13;1.06-1.20), liver (1.22;1.04-1.44), breast (1.09;1.00-1.18), and melanoma (1.05;1.00-1.10); whereas an inverse association was observed for thyroid cancer (0.80;0.64-1.00). We estimated that by age 85 years, Australian men and women who consume >14 drinks/week increase their absolute risk of alcohol-attributable cancer by 4.4% and 5.4%, respectively, compared to non-drinkers. Conclusions We report relative risks of cancer incidence in relation to alcohol consumption that match the international evidence. In Australia, a nation with relatively high alcohol consumption, these risks may translate into a significant public health burden. Key messages We have generated estimates for the relationship between alcohol consumption and cancer risk in Australia.

scholarly journals Nutrient-wide association study of 92 foods and nutrients and breast cancer risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Heath ◽  
David Muller ◽  
Piet van den Brandt ◽  
Nikos Papadimitriou ◽  
Elena Critselis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractSeveral dietary factors have been extensively investigated for associations with risk of breast cancer, but to date unequivocal evidence only exists for alcohol consumption. We sought to systematically evaluate the association between 92 dietary factors and breast cancer risk using a nutrient-wide association study approach. Using data from 272,098 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, we assessed dietary intake of 92 foods and nutrients estimated by dietary questionnaires. Cox regression with age as the time scale and adjustment for potential confounders, was used to quantify the association between each food or nutrient and risk of breast cancer. A false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05 was used to select the set of foods and nutrients to evaluate in the independent replication cohort, the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). During a median follow-up time of 15 years, 10,979 incident invasive breast cancers were identified in the women from the EPIC study. Six foods and nutrients were associated with risk of breast cancer when controlling the FDR at 0.05. Higher intake of alcohol overall was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (hazard ratio (HR) for a 1 SD increment in intake = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.07), as was beer/cider intake and wine intake (HRs per 1 SD increment = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.06 and 1.04, 95% CI 1.02–1.06, respectively), whereas higher intakes of fibre, apple/pear, and carbohydrates were associated with a lower risk of breast cancer (HRs per 1 SD increment = 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.98; 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.99; and 0.96, 95% CI 0.95–0.98, respectively). When evaluated in the NLCS (2368 invasive breast cancer cases), estimates for each of these foods and nutrients were similar in magnitude and direction, with the exception of beer/cider intake, which was not associated with risk of breast cancer in the NLCS. Our findings confirm the well-established increased risk of breast cancer associated with alcohol consumption, and suggest that higher intake of dietary fibre, and possibly fruit and carbohydrates, might be associated with reduced breast cancer risk.

scholarly journals The Dose-Response Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes among Asian Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Manman Han
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Asian Men

The objective of this review was to provide a summary of the literature on the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Asian populations, particularly men. The present study was recorded in PROSPERO as CRD 42019121073. We searched the PubMed-Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for studies published in any language since the database inception to January 2019. Prospective cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for random-effects models and dose-response meta-analyses. In total, 8 prospective cohort studies were included. High alcohol intake was significantly associated with increased risk of T2D (RR=1.16, 95% CI: 1.04–1.29; Q statistic p=0.326) compared to the lowest category of alcohol intake. Nonlinear association was observed between alcohol consumption and T2D risk in men (p=0.003). Dose-wise, consuming ≤57 g/day of alcohol was not associated with the risk of T2D in this study; however, alcohol intake >57 g/day was associated with increased risk of T2D in men. Overall, the association between alcohol consumption and T2D among Asian men was J-shaped. Lifestyle recommendations for prevention of T2D should include advice on limiting alcohol intake. This trial is registered with Prospero registration: CRD 42019121073.

scholarly journals Alcohol intake and stomach cancer risk in Japan: a pooled analysis of six cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tamura ◽  
Kenji Wakai ◽  
Yingsong Lin ◽  
Akiko Tamakoshi ◽  
Mai Utada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Pooled Analysis

scholarly journals Lifetime alcohol intake, drinking patterns over time and risk of stomach cancer: A pooled analysis of data from two prospective cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harindra Jayasekara ◽  
Robert J. MacInnis ◽  
Leila Lujan‐Barroso ◽  
Ana‐Lucia Mayen‐Chacon ◽  
Amanda J. Cross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Over Time

Nalmefene against alcohol use disorder: A report of one case

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s866-s866
Author(s):  
M. Juncal Ruiz ◽  
O. Porta Olivares ◽  
L. Sánchez Blanco ◽  
R. Landera Rodríguez ◽  
M. Gómez Revuelta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

IntroductionAlcohol consumption represents a significant factor for mortality in the world: 6.3% in men and 1.1% in women. Alcohol use disorder is also very common: 5.4% in men and 1.5% in women. Despite its high frequency and the seriousness of this disorder, only 8% of all alcohol-dependents are ever treated. One potentially interesting treatment option is oriented toward reducing alcohol intake.AimsTo describe one case who has improved his alcohol consumption after starting treatment with nalmefene, an opioid receptor antagonist related to naltrexone.MethodsA 35-year-old male with alcohol use disorder since 2001 came to our consult in November 2015. He was in trouble with his family and he had a liver failure. We offer a new treatment option with nalmefene 18 mg to reduce alcohol consumption.ResultsBefore to start nalmefene he drank 21 drinks/week. Six-month later, he decreased alcohol intake until 5 drinks/week with better family relationship and liver function. After starting nalmefene he complained of nausea, so we recommend to take the middle of the pill for next 7 days. After this time he returned to take one pill with good tolerance and no more side effects or withdrawal syndrome.ConclusionsNalmefene appears to be effective and safe in reducing heavy drinking and in preventing alcohol withdrawal syndrome due to its opioid receptor antagonism. This case suggests nalmefene is a potential option to help patients, who do not want or cannot get the abstinence, in reducing their alcohol consumption.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Methylation-Based Biological Age and Breast Cancer Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 1051-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob K Kresovich ◽  
Zongli Xu ◽  
Katie M O’Brien ◽  
Clarice R Weinberg ◽  
Dale P Sandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Cancer Case ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Age is one of the strongest predictors of cancer, chronic disease, and mortality, but biological responses to aging differ among people. Epigenetic DNA modifications have been used to estimate “biological age,” which may be a useful predictor of disease risk. We tested this hypothesis for breast cancer. Methods Using a case-cohort approach, we measured baseline blood DNA methylation of 2764 women enrolled in the Sister Study, 1566 of whom subsequently developed breast cancer after an average of 6 years. Using three previously established methylation-based “clocks” (Hannum, Horvath, and Levine), we defined biological age acceleration for each woman by comparing her estimated biological age with her chronological age. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for breast cancer risk were estimated using Cox regression models. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Each of the three clocks showed that biological age acceleration was statistically significantly associated with increased risk of developing breast cancer (5-year age acceleration, Hannum’s clock: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00 to 1.21, P = .04; Horvath’s clock: HR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.17, P = .04; Levine’s clock: HR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.23, P < .001). For Levine’s clock, each 5-year acceleration in biological age corresponded with a 15% increase in breast cancer risk. Although biological age may accelerate with menopausal transition, age acceleration in premenopausal women independently predicted breast cancer. Case-only analysis suggested that, among women who develop breast cancer, increased age acceleration is associated with invasive cancer (odds ratio for invasive = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.22, P = .10). Conclusions DNA methylation-based measures of biological age may be important predictors of breast cancer risk.

scholarly journals Rotating Nightshift Work and Hematopoietic Cancer Risk in US Female Nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Zhang ◽  
Brenda M Birmann ◽  
Kyriaki Papantoniou ◽  
Eric S Zhou ◽  
Astrid C Erber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Work Duration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hematopoietic Cancer

Abstract Background Nightshift work is a plausible risk factor for hematologic cancer, but epidemiological evidence remains sparse, especially for individual subtypes. We prospectively examined the association of rotating nightshift work with hematopoietic cancer risk. Methods This cohort study included US women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS: n = 76 846, 1988–2012) and Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII: n = 113 087, 1989–2013). Rotating nightshift work duration was assessed at baseline (both cohorts) and cumulatively updated (NHSII). Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall hematopoietic cancer and specific histologic subtypes. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results We documented 1405 (NHS) and 505 (NHSII) incident hematopoietic cancer cases during follow-up. In NHS, compared with women who never worked rotating nightshifts, longer rotating nightshift work duration was associated with an increased risk of overall hematopoietic cancer (HR1–14y = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.83 to 1.04; HR≥15y = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.55; Ptrend = .009). In NHSII, results were similar though not statistically significant (HR1–14y = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.82 to 1.21; HR≥15y = 1.41, 95% CI = 0.88 to 2.26; Ptrend = .47). In the subtype analyses in the NHS, the association of history of rotating nightshift work with risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma varied by duration (HR1–14y = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51 to 0.98; HR≥15y = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.07 to 2.67; Ptrend = .01) compared with those who never worked rotating nightshifts. Women reporting a longer history of rotating nightshifts also had suggestive (statistically nonsignificant) increased risks of overall non-Hodgkin lymphoma (HR≥15y = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.95 to 1.49), Hodgkin lymphoma (HR≥15y = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.43 to 4.06), and multiple myeloma (HR≥15y = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.85 to 2.39). Conclusions Longer duration (≥15 years) of rotating nightshift work was associated with increased risks of overall and several subtypes of hematopoietic cancer.

Alcohol Consumption by Beverage Type and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuyu Sun ◽  
Weihong Xie ◽  
Yanli Wang ◽  
Feifei Chong ◽  
Mengmeng Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Total Alcohol

Abstract Aims Alcohol intake has been shown to increase the risk of breast cancer. However, the dose-response analysis of different alcoholic beverages (spirits, wine and beer) is not clear. Our meta-analysis aims to provide a dose-response estimation between different alcohols and breast cancer risk. Methods Search of PubMed and Web of Science and manual searches were conducted up to 1 December 2018, and summary relative risks (RRs) and attributable risk percentage (ARP) for alcohol intake on the development of breast cancer were calculated. Dose-response meta-analysis modeled relationships between drinking type and breast cancer risk. Sources of heterogeneity were explored, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of findings. Results In total, 22 cohort studies and 45,350 breast cancer cases were included. Current drinkers for ER+ had an increased risk compared with never drinkers. In dose-response analysis, there was a statistically significant linear trend with breast cancer risk increasing gradually by total alcohol and wine dose: when adding 10 g per day, the risk increased by 10.5% (RR = 1.10, 95%CI = 1.08–1.13) in total alcohol and 8.9% (RR = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.04–1.14) in wine. For postmenopausal women, the risk increases by 11.1% (RR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.09–1.13) with every 10 g of total alcohol increase. Furthermore, the breast cancer alcohol-attributed percentage is higher in Europe than in North America and Asia. Conclusions The effect of drinking on the incidence of breast cancer is mainly manifested in ER+ breast cancer. Quantitative analysis showed total drinking had a significant risk for breast cancer, especially for postmenopausal women. However, for different alcohols, just wine intake has the similar results.

scholarly journals Association of selenium with thyroid volume and echostructure in 35- to 60-year-old French adults

2003 ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Derumeaux ◽  
P Valeix ◽  
K Castetbon ◽  
M Bensimon ◽  
MC Boutron-Ruault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Selenium Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between selenium status, thyroid Volume and gland echostructure. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. METHODS: In 792 men (45-60 Years) and 1108 women (35-60 Years) from the SU.VI.MAX study, thyroid Volume and gland echostructure were determined ultrasonographically. At baseline, thyrotropin, free thyroxine, selenium, zinc, alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, retinol, urinary iodine and thiocyanate concentrations were measured. Alcohol consumption, smoking, and menopausal status were assessed by a questionnaire. A stepwise linear and a logistic regression model were used, adjusting for antioxidant vitamins, trace elements status and age. RESULTS: In women, there was an inverse association between selenium status and thyroid Volume (P=0.003). A protective effect of selenium against goiter (odds ratio (OR)=0.07, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.008-0.6) and thyroid tIssue damage (OR=0.2, 95% CI=0.06-0.7) was observed. There was no evidence of an association between menopausal status and other antioxidant elements, thyroid Volume or thyroid hypoechogenicity. Smoking, but not alcohol consumption, was associated with an increased risk of thyroid enlargement in women (OR=3.94, 95% CI=1.64-9.48). No association between thyroid Volume, thyroid structure or selenium was found in men. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that selenium may protect against goiter. Selenium was related to thyroid echostructure, suggesting it may also protect against autoimmune thyroid disease.

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