Integrated Disease Control Initiatives: Polio Eradication and Neonatal Tetanus Elimination in Egypt

In this issue ofClinical and Vaccine Immunology, Scobie and colleagues (H. M. Scobie et al., Clin Vaccine Immunol 23:546–554, 2016,http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00052-16) report a nationwide serosurvey of tetanus immunity in >2,000 Cambodian women of child-bearing age to monitor progress toward maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination. This commentary discusses vaccines as interventions for disease control, elimination, and eradication and emphasizes the importance of the tools needed to monitor the effectiveness of initiatives that deliver the vaccines programmatically.

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Polio Eradication Initiative in India: Deconstructing the GPEI

International Journal of Health Services ◽

10.2190/k882-9792-3qyx-jktd ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 361-383 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

C. Sathyamala ◽

Onkar Mittal ◽

Rajib Dasgupta ◽

Ritu Priya

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Disease Control ◽

Polio Eradication ◽

Health Priorities ◽

Political Will ◽

Global Polio Eradication Initiative ◽

Global Eradication ◽

Year 2000 ◽

The U.S

The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) promised eradication of polio by the year 2000 and certification of eradication by 2005. The first deadline is already a matter of history. With the reporting of polio cases in 2004, the new deadline for polio eradication by 2004 is postponed further. This article seeks to argue that the scientific and technical bodies spearheading the GPEI, including the WHO, UNICEF, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, have formulated a conceptually flawed strategy and that it is not weak political will that is the central obstacle in this final push for global eradication. The validity of the claims of “near success” by the proponents of the GPEI is also examined in detail. By taking India as a case study, the authors examine the achievements of the GPEI in nine years of intense effort since 1995. They conclude that the GPEI is yet another exercise in mismanaging the health priorities and programs in developing countries in the era of globalization.

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INTEGRATED DISEASE CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR LENGTHENING THE STORAGE LIFE OF PAPAYA CULTIVARS 'RED LADY' AND 'RATHNA'

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2013.975.17 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 167-172

Author(s):

K. Abeywickrama ◽

C. Wijerathna ◽

N. Rajapaksha ◽

S. Kannangara ◽

K. Sarananda

Keyword(s):

Disease Control ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Storage Life ◽

Integrated Disease Control

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A new paradigm for international disease control: lessons learned from polio eradication in Southeast Asia

American Journal of Public Health ◽

10.2105/ajph.91.1.146 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 91 (1) ◽

pp. 146-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Keyword(s):

Southeast Asia ◽

Disease Control ◽

Polio Eradication ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

New Paradigm

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Malaria in Sucre State, Venezuela

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2000000400031 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 1127-1131 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Robert H. Zimmerman

Keyword(s):

Disease Control ◽

Control Strategy ◽

Community Involvement ◽

Ecosystem Approach ◽

Strategy Development ◽

Health Issues ◽

Malaria Research ◽

Important Health ◽

Integrated Disease Control ◽

And Control

The author reviews the malaria research program in Sucre State, Venezuela, taking an ecosystem approach. The goal was to determine which methods could have been introduced at the onset that would have made the study more ecological and interdisciplinary. Neither an ecosystem approach nor integrated disease control were in place at the time of the study. This study began to introduce an ecosystem approach when two contrasting ecosystems in Sucre State were selected for study and vector control methods were implemented based on research results. The need to have a health policy in place with an eco-health approach is crucial to the success of research and control. The review suggests that sustainability is low when not all the stakeholders are involved in the design and implementation of the research and control strategy development. The lack of community involvement makes sustainability doubtful. The author concludes that there were two interdependent challenges for malaria control: development of an ecosystem approach for malaria research and control, and the implementation of an integrated disease control strategy, with malaria as one of the important health issues.

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Seed Treatment with Ethanol Extract of Serratia marcescens is Compatible with Trichoderma Isolates for Control of Damping-off of Cucumber Caused by Pythium ultimum

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-09-15-1039-re ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (7) ◽

pp. 1278-1287 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Daniel P. Roberts ◽

Dilip K. Lakshman ◽

Laurie F. McKenna ◽

Sarah E. Emche ◽

Jude E. Maul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Disease Control ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Pythium Ultimum ◽

Damping Off ◽

Integrated Disease Control ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Trichoderma Isolates

Environmentally friendly control measures for soilborne plant pathogens are needed that are effective in different soils when applied alone or as components of an integrated disease control strategy. An ethanol extract of Serratia marcescens N4-5, when applied as a cucumber seed treatment, effectively suppressed damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum in potting mix and in a sandy loam soil. Plant stand associated with this treatment was similar to that of seed treated with the chemical pesticide Thiram in the sandy loam soil. The N4-5 ethanol extract did not consistently provide significant disease control in a loam soil. The N4-5 ethanol extract was compatible with two Trichoderma isolates, not affecting in vitro or in situ colonization of cucumber by these biological control fungi. Control of damping-off of cucumber was never diminished when this ethanol extract was applied as a seed treatment in combination with in-furrow application of the Trichoderma isolates, and disease control was improved in certain instances with these combinations in the loam soil. Data presented here indicate that the N4-5 ethanol extract is compatible with certain beneficial fungi, suggesting that this extract can be used as a component of integrated disease control strategies featuring biological control fungi.

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