scholarly journals Determination of in vitro susceptibility to ABT-492 by BSAC standardized methodology

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-527
Author(s):  
J. M. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Susceptibility

scholarly journals In vitro susceptibility testing of Fonsecaea pedrosoi to antifungals

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina de BEDOUT ◽  
Beatriz L. GÓMEZ ◽  
Angela RESTREPO
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Clinical Failure ◽  
Fonsecaea Pedrosoi ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility Testing

Based on the difficulties experienced in the treatment of chromoblastomycosis, 12 primary human isolates of F. pedrosoi, were tested for their in vitro susceptibility to various antimycotics. We adapted the recommendations of the NCCLS for yeasts and followed the indications for mold testing from other authors in order to determine their MIC’s and the MLC’s. It was found that a significant proportion of the isolates were resistant to 3 of the 4 antimycotics tested, as revealed by high MIC values, as follows: 33% were resistant to amphotericin B (AMB), 58.3% to 5 fluocytosine (5 FC) and 66.7% to fluconazole (FLU). Contrarywise, none of the isolates proved resistant to itraconazole (ITZ). Determination of the MLC’s revealed that a larger proportion of the isolates were not killed by AMB, 5 FC (91.7%), FLU (100%) or even, ITZ (41.7%). These data indicate that it would be desirable to determine the susceptibility of F. pedrosoi before initiating therapy, in order to choose the more effective antifungal and avoid clinical failure

scholarly journals In Vitro Susceptibility of Multi-Drug Resistant Klebsiellapneumoniae Strains Causing Nosocomial Infections to Fosfomycin. A Comparison of Determination Methods

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Beata Mączyńska ◽  
Justyna Paleczny ◽  
Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak ◽  
Irena Choroszy-Król ◽  
Marzenna Bartoszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
The Phoenix

Introduction: Over the past few decades, Klebsiella pneumoniae strains increased their pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance, thereby becoming a major therapeutic challenge. One of the few available therapeutic options seems to be intravenous fosfomycin. Unfortunately, the determination of sensitivity to fosfomycin performed in hospital laboratories can pose a significant problem. Therefore, the aim of the present research was to evaluate the activity of fosfomycin against clinical, multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from nosocomial infections between 2011 and 2020, as well as to evaluate the methods routinely used in hospital laboratories to assess bacterial susceptibility to this antibiotic. Materials and Methods: 43 multidrug-resistant Klebsiella strains isolates from various infections were tested. All the strains had ESBL enzymes, and 20 also showed the presence of carbapenemases. Susceptibility was determined using the diffusion method (E-test) and the automated system (Phoenix), which were compared with the reference method (agar dilution). Results: For the reference method and for the E-test, the percentage of strains sensitive to fosfomycin was 65%. For the Phoenix system, the percentage of susceptible strains was slightly higher and stood at 72%. The percentage of fosfomycin-resistant strains in the Klebsiella carbapenemase-producing group was higher (45% for the reference method and E-test and 40% for the Phoenix method) than in carbapenemase-negative strains (25%, 25%, and 20%, respectively). Full (100%) susceptibility categorical agreement was achieved for the E-test and the reference method. Agreement between the automated Phoenix system and the reference method reached 86%. Conclusions: Fosfomycin appears to be the antibiotic with a potential for use in the treatment of infections with multidrug-resistant Klebsiella strains. Susceptibility to this drug is exhibited by some strains, which are resistant to colistin and carbapenems. The E-test, unlike the Phoenix method, can be an alternative to the reference method in the routine determination of fosfomycin susceptibility, as it shows agreement in terms of sensitivity categories and only slight differences in MIC values. The Phoenix system, in comparison to the reference method, shows large discrepancies in the MIC values and in the susceptibility category.

scholarly journals Constructing Unit-Specific Empiric Treatment Guidelines for Catheter-Related and Primary Bacteremia by Determining the Likelihood of Inadequate Therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Davis ◽  
Deverick J. Anderson ◽  
Michelle Sharpe ◽  
Luke F. Chen ◽  
Richard H. Drew
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Empiric Treatment ◽  
Inadequate Therapy ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic

This study aimed to determine the feasibility of using likelihood of inadequate therapy (LIT), a parameter calculated by using pathogen frequency and in vitro susceptibility for determination of appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy for primary bloodstream infections. Our study demonstrates that LIT may reveal differences in traditional antibiograms.

scholarly journals Determination of Minimum Inhibitory and Fungicidal Concentrations of Potash Alum Against Clinical Isolates of Candida albicans

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irshad ◽  
◽  
Muhamamd Younas ◽  
Asif Ullah Qureshi ◽  
Amir Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Fungicidal Action ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

OBJECTIVE: Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen causing oral candidiasis. Commercially available antifungal agents are effective in eliminating C. albicans, however, their toxicity and high cost are undesirable. Potash Alum is a naturally occurring salt with antibacterial and antifungal properties. Therefore, Potash Alum may be effective against C. albicans. Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro susceptibility of C. albicans to Potash Alum. METHODOLOGY: Swab samples from 19 patients attending the Oral medicine department of Rehman College of Dentistry were transferred to tubes containing Sabouraud Dextrose Broth. After identification of C. albicans by Gram-staining, a solution of 2-5 x 105 CFUs/mL C. albicans was prepared and subjected to MIC and MFC determination by the standard broth microdilution method. Potash alum concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL were used. Commercially available Nystatin was used as a positive control. RESULTS: Our results showed that 10 mg/mL of Potash Alum (PA) solution was able to inhibit growth of most of the clinical isolates of C. albicans. In 5 samples, even 5mg/mL was effective in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans. Potash alum demonstrated fungistatic rather than a fungicidal action against C. albicans. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that potash alum has a fungistatic action against C. albicans in vitro. In addition, the optimum in vitro concentration of potash alum solution effective in inhibiting growth of C. albicans was found to be 10mg/mL. KEYWORDS: Candida albicans, potash alum, nystatin, antifungal HOW TO CITE: Irshad M, Younas M, Qureshi AU, Hameed A. Determination of minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of potash alum against clinical isolates of candida albicans. J Pak Dent Assoc 2020;29(4):235-238.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Polish Bartonella henselae Strains

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDYTA PODSIADŁY ◽  
DOROTA ŻABICKA ◽  
URSZULA DEMKOW ◽  
WALERIA HRYNIEWICZ ◽  
STANISŁAWA TYLEWSKA-WIERZBANOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Few Data

Due to the fastidious nature of B. henselae and the limited number of available isolates worldwide, there are few data on its in vitro susceptibility to antibiotics. We determined the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ten antimicrobial agents against 11 feline isolates of B. henselae by Etest method. The lowest MICs were obtained for rifampicin < or = 0.002 mg/L. MICs of all isolates were < 0.016 mg/L for ampicilin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, tetracycline and ranged from 0.016 to 0.032 mg/L for azithromycin. The MICs for two tested fluoroquinolones: ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin ranged from 0.016 to 0.125 mg/L. The highest MICs were obtained for gentamicin ranging from 0.025 to 2.0 mg/L. Sulphonamide resistance genes sul 1, sul 2, sul 3 were not found in any of the tested isolates. Etest methodology seems to be a reliable method for determination of B. henselae susceptibility, however standardization is strongly desired.

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