scholarly journals 212 Biosecurity practices associated with negative farm status for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, and swine influenza virus in farrow-to-finish pig farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 6-6
Author(s):  
Julia A Calderon Diaz ◽  
Maria Rodrigues da Costa ◽  
Edgar Garcia Manzanilla
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Animal Management ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Biosecurity Practices ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection

Abstract The objective of this study was to identify biosecurity practices associated negative status (-) for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHYO), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSv), and swine influenza virus (SIV) in pig farms. Biosecurity practices were assessed using the Biocheck.UGentTM questionnaire in 54 Irish farrow-to-finish pig farms. For each farm, a batch of pigs was observed at slaughter and blood samples were collected from 32 randomly selected pigs per farm at exsanguination. Serology analysis was performed using IDEXX ELISA kits and farms were classified with either positive or negative status for each of the respiratory diseases. Data were analysed using univariable logistic regression in PROC GENMOD of SAS v9.4. Results are presented as odds ratios (OR) and their associated 95% confidence interval (CI). Regularly cleaning materials used for disease treatment between litters (OR=8.2, CI=0.97-69.87), cleaning driving boards (OR=5.5, CI=1.07-28.20) and a maximal density of 3 pigs/m2 in the nursery were associated (P< 0.05) with an increased likelihood of MHYO(-). The feeding company meeting special hygienic requirements (OR=3.84, CI=1.14-12.95) and a strict all-in-all-out management in each finishing room (OR=3.84, CI=1.14-12.95) were associated (P< 0.05) with an increased likelihood of PRRSv(-). However, having disinfection baths between each room (OR=0.20, CI=0.06-0.68) and footbaths installed at the entrance of each building (OR=0.15, CI=0.04-0.52) were associated (P< 0.05) with decreased likelihood of PRRSv(-). Only allowing visitors’ access to the farm from a hygiene lock (OR=4.41, CI=1.04-18.71), and minimal piglet handling during lactation were associated with an increased likelihood of SIV(-) (P< 0.05). Results indicate that biosecurity practices regarding cleaning and disinfection and animal management are the most associated with a negative farm status for respiratory disease. It is possible that the biosecurity practices implemented in farms with lower likelihood for negative status were applied in a more ‘reactionary’ than ‘preventive’ manner.

scholarly journals Effect of Feed Restriction on Performance and Postprandial Nutrient Metabolism in Pigs Co-Infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Swine Influenza Virus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e104605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Le Floc'h ◽  
Céline Deblanc ◽  
Roland Cariolet ◽  
Anne V. Gautier-Bouchardon ◽  
Elodie Merlot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism

scholarly journals Optimization of a Sampling System for Recovery and Detection of Airborne Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Swine Influenza Virus

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 4811-4818 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Hermann ◽  
S. J. Hoff ◽  
K. J. Yoon ◽  
A. C. Burkhardt ◽  
R. B. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Swine Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Air Sampling ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Virus Infectivity ◽  
Collection Medium ◽  
Sampling Systems

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to optimize sampling parameters for increased recovery and detection of airborne porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and swine influenza virus (SIV). Collection media containing antifoams, activated carbons, protectants, and ethylene glycol were evaluated for direct effects on factors impacting the detection of PRRSV and SIV, including virus infectivity, viability of continuous cell lines used for the isolation of these viruses, and performance of reverse transcriptase PCR assays. The results showed that specific compounds influenced the likelihood of detecting PRRSV and SIV in collection medium. A subsequent study evaluated the effects of collection medium, impinger model, and sampling time on the recovery of aerosolized PRRSV using a method for making direct comparisons of up to six treatments simultaneously. The results demonstrated that various components in air-sampling systems, including collection medium, impinger model, and sampling time, independently influenced the recovery and detection of PRRSV and/or SIV. Interestingly, it was demonstrated that a 20% solution of ethylene glycol collected the greatest quantity of aerosolized PRRSV, which suggests the possibility of sampling at temperatures below freezing. Based on the results of these experiments, it is recommended that air-sampling systems be optimized for the target pathogen(s) and that recovery/detection results should be interpreted in the context of the actual performance of the system.

scholarly journals The epidemiology of swine influenza

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Li ◽  
Ian Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Swine Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pig Farms

AbstractGlobally swine influenza is one of the most important diseases of the pig industry, with various subtypes of swine influenza virus co-circulating in the field. Swine influenza can not only cause large economic losses for the pig industry but can also lead to epidemics or pandemics in the human population. We provide an overview of the pathogenic characteristics of the disease, diagnosis, risk factors for the occurrence on pig farms, impact on pigs and humans and methods to control it. This review is designed to promote understanding of the epidemiology of swine influenza which will benefit the control of the disease in both pigs and humans.

scholarly journals Detection Rates of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Porcine Circovirus Type 2, and Swine Influenza Virus in Porcine Proliferative and Necrotizing Pneumonia

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Drolet ◽  
R. Larochelle ◽  
M. Morin ◽  
B. Delisle ◽  
R. Magar
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type ◽  
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Necrotizing Pneumonia ◽  
Detection Rates

A retrospective study on pig lung tissues from 60 cases of proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia (PNP) was performed to determine the presence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), swine influenza virus (SIV), and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in these lesions. Cases selected included 30 cases diagnosed between 1988 and 1992 and 30 cases diagnosed between 1997 and 2001. In each group of 30 cases, 10 were from suckling piglets, whereas the other 20 were from postweaned animals representing either nursery or grower-finisher pigs. Immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody to influenza virus type A was used to determine the presence of SIV, and in situ hybridization was used for the detection of PRRSV and PCV2 nucleic acids. PRRSV was detected in 55 of the 60 cases examined (92%), PCV2 in 25 cases (42%), and SIV in only 1 case (2%). In 30 cases (50%), PRRSV was the only virus detected, whereas in 25 other cases (42%), a combination of PRRSV and PCV2 could be detected in the lungs with PNP lesions. PCV2 could not be detected in the lungs of suckling pigs with PNP. All PCV2-positive cases were found in postweaned pigs and were always in combination with PRRSV. In this latter age group, PCV2 was detected in 63% of the cases (25/40). Data from our study indicate that SIV is rarely identified in PNP and that PCV2 infection is not essential for the development of PNP lesions. The results of the present study demonstrate that PRRSV is consistently and predominantly associated with PNP and should be considered the key etiologic agent for the condition.

scholarly journals Characterization of a novel oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant for swine influenza virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines

Vaccine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (25) ◽  
pp. 2903-2908 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Galliher-Beckley ◽  
L.K. Pappan ◽  
Rachel Madera ◽  
Y. Burakova ◽  
A. Waters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza Virus ◽  
Swine Influenza ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Oil In Water Emulsion
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