scholarly journals Effects of increasing Fe dosage in newborn pigs on suckling and subsequent nursery performance and hematological and immunological criteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Steven S Dritz ◽  
Michael D Tokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Newborn Pigs ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Pig Performance

Abstract A total of 336 newborn pigs (DNA 241 × 600, initially 1.75 ± 0.05 kg bodyweight [BW]) from 28 litters were used in a 63-d study evaluating the effects of increasing injectable Fe dose on suckling and subsequent nursery pig performance and blood Fe status. GleptoForte (Ceva Animal Health, LLC, Lenexa, KS) contains gleptoferron which is an Fe macromolecule complex that is commercially used as an injectable Fe source for suckling piglets. On the day of processing (day 3 after birth), all piglets were weighed and 6 barrows and 6 gilts per litter were allotted within sex to 1 of 6 treatments in a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of a negative control receiving no Fe injection and increasing injectable Fe to achieve either 50, 100, 150, 200 mg, or 200 mg plus a 100 mg injection on day 11 after birth. Pigs were weaned (~21 d of age) and allotted to nursery pens based on BW and corresponding treatment in a completely randomized design. During lactation, increasing injectable Fe up to 100 mg improved (quadratic; P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and day 21 BW with no further improvement thereafter. There was no evidence of differences (P > 0.10) observed between the 200 mg and 200 mg + 100 mg treatments for growth. For the nursery period, increasing Fe dosage increased (linear; P < 0.05) ADG, average daily feed intake, and day 42 BW. There was no evidence of differences (P > 0.10) between the 200 mg and 200 mg + 100 mg treatments for nursery growth. For blood criteria, significant treatment × day interactions (P = 0.001) were observed for hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct). The interactions occurred because pigs that had <150 mg of injectable Fe had decreased values to day 21 and then increased to day 63 while pigs with 150 or 200 mg of injectable Fe had increased values to day 21 then stayed relatively constant to day 63. In summary, piglet performance during lactation was maximized at 100 mg while nursery growth performance and blood Fe status were maximized with a 200 mg Fe injection at processing. Providing an additional 100 mg of Fe on day 11 of age increased Hb, and Hct values at weaning and 14 d into the nursery but did not provide a growth performance benefit in lactation or nursery. These results indicate that providing 200 mg of injectable Fe provided from GleptoForte is sufficient to optimize lactation and subsequent nursery growth performance and blood Fe status.

scholarly journals PSVI-19 Evaluating the effects of day of iron injection after farrowing on nursery performance and hematological criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 209-210
Author(s):  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Cierra Roubicek ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance

Abstract Weaned pigs (n = 311; 5.9 kg BW) were used in a 59-d study evaluating the effects of Fe injection timing after birth on nursery pig performance and hematological criteria. Pigs were weaned at 21 d and allotted to pens based on preweaning Fe treatment with BW balanced across pens within a treatment with 5 or 6 pigs/pen and 10 pens/treatment. The preweaning treatments were a negative control receiving no Fe injection or 200-mg of injectable Fe (Gleptoforte, Ceva Animal Health, Lenexa, KS) provided in a single injection on d 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 after birth. All pigs were fed common diets after weaning that contained 110 mg/kg of added Fe as FeSO4 provided from the trace mineral premix. Growth data were analyzed as a completely randomized design with pen as the experimental unit. Hematological criteria were measured as a repeated measure with pig as the experimental unit. Overall, increasing the age of pigs receiving a 200-mg Fe injection from 2 to 4 or 6 d after birth increased (quadratic; P = 0.013) d 80 ending BW with a decrease in BW when Fe was provided on d 8 or 10 (Table 1). Not providing an Fe injection after birth worsened (P < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, and d 80 ending BW. Significant treatment×day interactions (P < 0.001) were observed for Hgb and Hct values. These interactions occurred because pigs not receiving an Fe injection after birth had values that increased from d 21 to 35 while pigs receiving an Fe injection had values that decreased from d 21 to 35. While it is common practice to provide an Fe injection within the first 48 hours of birth, these results suggest delaying injection until d 4 or 6 may increase nursery final weight.

scholarly journals PSV-13 Effects of increasing iron dosage in newborn pigs on subsequent nursery performance and hematological criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
D 63 ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance

Abstract Weaned pigs (n = 308; 5.7 kg BW) were used in a 42-d study evaluating the effects of increasing injectable Fe dose at processing (d 3 after farrowing) on subsequent nursery pig performance and hematological criteria. Pigs were weaned on d 21 and allotted to pens based on previous Fe treatment with BW balanced across pens within a treatment with 5 or 6 pigs/pen and 10 pens/treatment. Treatments applied at processing were a negative control receiving no Fe injection or increasing injectable Fe (Gleptoforte, Ceva Animal Health, Lenexa, KS) to provide 50, 100, 150, 200-mg, or 200-mg plus 100-mg on d 11 post-farrowing. All pigs were fed the same diets after weaning containing 110 mg/kg of Fe from FeSO4 provided from the trace mineral premix. Growth data were analyzed as a CRD with pen as the experimental unit. Hematological criteria were analyzed as a repeated measure with pig as the experimental unit. Overall, increasing injectable Fe improved (linear; P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI (Table 1). Increasing injectable Fe up to 150 mg improved (quadratic; P = 0.011) G:F with a worsening G:F thereafter. There was no evidence of difference in growth performance (P > 0.10) between the 200-mg and the 200 + 100 mg injectable Fe treatments. Significant treatment×day interactions (P < 0.001) were observed for Hgb and Hct because pigs receiving an Fe injection less than 150-mg had increasing values through nursery while all other pigs had values remaining constant until d 63 after birth with no evidence of difference (P > 0.10) amongst all treatments at d 63 after birth. These results suggest that providing a 200-mg Fe injection at processing provides the greatest growth performance in the nursery and Fe in the diet is sufficient to meet the pigs’ Fe requirement to restore blood Fe status at the end of the nursery.

scholarly journals PSV-12 Effects of increasing iron dosage in newborn pigs on preweaning performance and hematological criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Newborn Pigs ◽  
Pig Performance

Abstract Newborn pigs (n = 336; 1.7 kg BW) were used in a 21-d study evaluating the effects of increasing injectable Fe on preweaning pig performance and blood Fe status. A total of 28 litters were used and at processing (d 3 after farrowing) all piglets were weighed and six barrows and six gilts/litter were allotted to 1 of 6 treatments in a CRD. Treatments consisted of a negative control receiving no Fe injection and increasing injectable Fe (Gleptoforte, Ceva Animal Health, Lenexa, KS) to achieve 50, 100, 150, 200-mg, or 200-mg plus a 100-mg injection on d 11 post-farrowing. Piglets were weighed and bled on d 3, 11, and 21 of age to determine growth performance and blood Fe status. Preweaned pig growth data and hematological criteria were evaluated using individual pig as the experimental unit with hematological criteria analyzed as a repeated measure. Increasing injectable Fe up to 100-mg improved (quadratic; P < 0.05) ADG and d 21 BW with no further improvement thereafter (Table 1).There were no evidence of differences (P > 0.10) between the 200-mg and 200 + 100-mg treatments for growth. Significant treatment×day interactions (P < 0.001) were observed for hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct). The interactions were the result of decreased values for pigs receiving no Fe injection or an Fe injection of 100-mg or less, while pigs receiving an Fe injection greater than 100-mg had increased values at d 21. Pigs receiving the 200 + 100-mg treatment had increased (P < 0.05) Hgb and Hct values compared to pigs receiving a single 200-mg Fe injection on d 21. Results suggest that a 100-mg Fe injection is sufficient for growth performance during the preweaning phase, but an Fe injection greater than 100-mg is needed to maximize blood criteria. An extra 100-mg Fe injection at d 11 did not influence growth performance but does increase Hgb and Hct at weaning.

scholarly journals 363 Evaluating the effects of day of iron injection after farrowing on preweaning performance and hematological criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 151-152
Author(s):  
Cierra Roubicek ◽  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Newborn Pigs ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
D 12

Abstract Newborn pigs (n = 324; 1.6 kg BW) were used in an 19-d study evaluating the effects of Fe injection timing after birth on preweaned pig performance and blood criteria. A total of 27 litters were used, with the number of pigs per sow equalized on each day of farrowing. Two d after farrowing, all piglets were weighed, and six barrows and six gilts within each litter were allotted to 1 of 6 treatments in a CRD. Treatments consisted of a negative control receiving no Fe injection or 200 mg of injectable Fe (Gleptoforte, Ceva Animal Health, Lenexa, KS) provided on d 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 after farrowing. Piglets were weighed and bled on d 2, 12, and 21 after birth to determine growth performance and blood Fe status. Overall, increasing the age that piglets received a 200 mg Fe injection until 4 or 6 d after birth tended to increase (quadratic; P = 0.065) ADG (Table 1). Not providing an Fe injection tended to decrease (P = 0.070) overall ADG and decreased (P = 0.0003) d 21 BW compared to all other treatments. Significant treatment×day interactions (P < 0.001) were observed for hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct). The interactions occurred because pigs injected with 200 mg of Fe on d 2, 4, 6, or 8 after birth had increasing values until d 21 after birth, while pigs receiving a 200 mg Fe injection on d 10 after birth had decreasing values to d 12 then increasing values to d 21. Pigs not provided an Fe injection after birth had decreasing values to d 21. These results suggest that providing a 200 mg Fe injection on d 4 or 6 after farrowing provided the greatest preweaning growth performance and blood Fe status until weaning.

scholarly journals 260 Effects of iron administration timing on pre-weaning performance and hematological criteria in pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 88-89
Author(s):  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Ryan T Maurer ◽  
Brittany Carrender ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Iron Administration ◽  
Newborn Pigs ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
D 20 ◽  
D 12 ◽  
Administration Timing

Abstract Newborn pigs (n=1,892; 1.5 kg BW) were used in a 20-d study evaluating the effects of Fe injection timing after birth on preweaned pig performance and blood criteria. A total of 172 litters were used. One d after farrowing, piglets were weighed, and 11 pigs within each litter were allotted to 1 of 6 treatments in a CRD. Treatments consisted of pigs receiving no Fe injection or 200-mg of injectable Fe (GleptoForte, Ceva Animal Health, Lenexa, KS) provided on d 1, 3, 5, or 7 of age, or 200-mg on d 1 plus 200-mg on d 12. 1 pig/litter received no Fe injection and 2 pigs/litter were placed on all other treatments. Piglets were weighed on d 1 and 20 after birth to determine growth performance and bled on d 20 to determine Fe status. Increasing the age that piglets received the Fe injection tended to decrease (linear; P=0.080) ADG. Not providing an Fe injection decreased (P=0.0001) overall ADG and d 20 BW compared to all other treatments. Hemoglobin and Hct decreased (linear; P&lt; 0.05) with increasing age when pigs received an Fe injection. There was no evidence of differences (P &gt;0.10) between the pigs receiving a 200-mg injection on d 1 and d 12 compared to those receiving the Fe on d 1 only. Pigs not provided an Fe injection had decreased (P=0.0001) Hb and Hct values compared to pigs receiving an Fe injection. Pigs receiving the 200-mg injection on d 1 and 12 had increased (P=0.0001) Hb and Hct values compared to pigs receiving 200-mg on d 1 only. Results suggest that providing a 200-mg Fe injection within 7 d after farrowing is sufficient for optimizing preweaning growth performance. The additional 200-mg Fe injection at d 12 did not influence growth performance but does increase Hb and Hct at weaning.

scholarly journals Effects of increasing copper from tri-basic copper chloride or a copper-methionine chelate on growth performance of nursery pigs1,2

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey B Carpenter ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Source Level ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Two Phases

Abstract A total of 2,117 pigs were used in two 35-d growth experiments to determine the effects of increasing added Cu from tri-basic copper chloride (TBCC) or a Cu-methionine chelate (Cu-chelate) on nursery pig growth performance. In experiment 1, 1,452 pigs (350 barrows [DNA 200 × 400; initially 5.9 ± 0.17 kg] in group 1 and 1,102 pigs [PIC 1050 × 280; initially 6.0 ± 0.26 kg] in group 2) were weaned at approximately 21 d of age. In experiment 2, 665 pigs (350 barrows, DNA 200 × 400; initially 6.4 ± 0.19 kg, in group 3 and 315 pigs, DNA 241 × 600; initially 5.2 ± 0.49 kg, in group 4) were weaned at approximately 21 d of age. Pigs in groups 1, 2, and 3 were fed a common starter diet for 7 d and pigs in group 4 were fed a common diet for 5 d after weaning before starting experiments. On d 0 of each experiment, pens of pigs were blocked by body weight (BW) and assigned to 1 of 7 dietary treatments. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 3 factorial plus one control diet, with main effects of Cu source (TBCC vs. Cu-chelate) and level. Copper levels were 50, 100, or 150 mg/kg in experiment 1 and 75, 150, or 225 mg/kg in experiment 2. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and fed in meal form in two phases (d 0 to 14 and 14 to 35). In experiment 1 from d 0 to 35, there was a Cu source × level interaction (linear, P &lt; 0.05) for average daily gain (ADG) and d 35 BW where the magnitude of improvement with increasing Cu was greater in pigs fed Cu-chelate compared to those fed TBCC. Increasing added Cu increased (linear, P &lt; 0.01) average daily feed intake (ADFI) and gain:feed (G:F). Although Cu source did not influence G:F, pigs fed Cu from Cu-chelate had greater (P ≤ 0.01) ADG and ADFI than those fed Cu from TBCC. In experiment 2, from d 0 to 35, there were no evidence for Cu source × level interactions. Increasing Cu increased (linear, P &lt; 0.05) ADG and final BW. The increase in ADG combined with unaffected ADFI resulted in marginally increased G:F (linear, P = 0.052). In summary, these results suggest that increasing dietary Cu from TBCC or a Cu-chelate improved overall ADG, and d 35 BW in nursery pigs and Cu source has potential to influence nursery pig performance.

scholarly journals Effects of iron injection timing on suckling and subsequent nursery and growing-finishing performance and hematological criteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Brittany Carrender ◽  
Cierra D Roubicek ◽  
Ryan Maurer ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Injection ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Finishing Pig ◽  
Newborn Pigs ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
D 12 ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Macro Molecule

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Fe injection timing after birth on suckling and subsequent nursery and growing-finishing pig performance. The injectable Fe source used in both experiments was GleptoForte (Ceva Animal Health, LLC., Lenexa, KS). GleptoForte contains gleptoferron which is a Fe macro-molecule complex. In Exp. 1, a total of 324 newborn pigs [DNA 241 × 600, initially 1.6 ± 0.04 kg body weight (BW)] within 27 litters were used. Two days after birth, all piglets were weighed, and six barrows and six gilts per litter were allotted to 1 of 6 treatments consisting of no Fe injection or 200 mg of injectable Fe provided in a single injection on d 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 of age. Pigs were weaned (~21 d of age) and allotted to nursery pens with all pigs in each pen having received the same Fe treatment. In Exp. 2, a total of 1,892 newborn pigs (PIC 359 × C40; initially 1.5 ± 0.02 kg BW) within 172 litters were used. One day after birth, piglets were weighed, and 11 pigs within each litter were allotted to 1 of 6 treatments consisting of no Fe injection or 200 mg of injectable Fe provided on d 1, 3, 5, or 7 of age, or 200 mg on d 1 plus 200 mg on d 12 of age. Pigs were weaned (19 d of age) and placed in a commercial wean-to-finish facility in a total of 15 pens with equal representation of treatments in each pen. In both experiments, not providing an Fe injection after birth decreased (P &lt; 0.05) preweaning average daily gain (ADG), weaning weight, and hemoglobin and hematocrit values compared to all other treatments. In Exp. 1, increasing the age that piglets received an Fe injection until 4 or 6 d after birth provided marginal evidence for an improvement (quadratic; P = 0.070) in preweaning ADG. For the nursery period, increasing the age that piglets received an Fe injection improved (quadratic; P = 0.013) d 80 BW, but there was no evidence of a difference (P &gt; 0.10) in d 173 BW at the end of the grow-finish period. In Exp. 2, increasing the age that piglets received a 200 mg Fe injection showed no evidence of difference (P &gt; 0.10) for subsequent nursery and growing-finishing ADG. In both experiments, hemoglobin and hematocrit values were decreased (linear; P &lt; 0.05) at weaning with increasing age when pigs received an Fe injection. These experiments suggest that providing a 200 mg Fe injection within 7 d after farrowing is sufficient for optimizing preweaning and subsequent growth performance.

scholarly journals 258 Effects of iron administration timing on subsequent nursery performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Ryan T Maurer ◽  
Brittany Carrender ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Iron Administration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
D 12

Abstract Weaned pigs (n=1,722; 5.9 kg BW) were used in a 53-d study evaluating the effects of Fe injection timing on subsequent nursery pig performance. Treatments consisted of a negative control for piglets receiving no Fe injection or 200-mg of injectable Fe (GleptoForte, Ceva Animal Health, Lenexa, KS) provided on d 1, 3, 5, or 7 of age, or 200-mg on d 1 plus an additional 200-mg injection on d 12. At weaning, pigs were placed in a commercial wean-to-finish facility in a total of 15 pens with equal representation of treatments in each pen. Pigs were weighed on d 73 after birth to determine subsequent nursery growth performance. Growth data were analyzed (GLIMMIX procedure of SAS) as a completely randomized design with individual pig as the experimental unit and pen as a random effect. Increasing the age that piglets received a 200-mg Fe injection showed no evidence of difference (P &gt;0.10) for subsequent nursery ADG (Table 1). Not providing an Fe injection after birth decreased (P=0.0001) subsequent nursery ADG and decreased (P=0.0001) d 73 BW compared to all other treatments. Providing a 200-mg injection of Fe on d 1 plus a 200-mg injection on d 12 decreased (P=0.010) subsequent nursery ADG and decreased (P=0.024) d 73 BW compared to pigs receiving a 200-mg injection on d 1 only. There was no evidence of difference (P &gt;0.10) for nursery mortality amongst the treatments. These results suggest that providing a 200-mg Fe injection within 7 d after farrowing is sufficient for optimizing subsequent nursery growth performance. The additional 200-mg Fe injection at d 12 decreased subsequent nursery growth performance and ending BW.

scholarly journals Effects of feeding increasing levels of iron from iron sulfate or iron carbonate on nursery pig growth performance and hematological criteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Steven S Dritz ◽  
Michael D Tokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Iron Sulfate ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Iron Carbonate ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nursery Pig

Abstract A total of 140 weanling pigs (241 × 600, DNA, Columbus, NE; initially 5.5 ± 0.79 kg body weight) were used in a 32-d study evaluating the effects of increasing dietary Fe from either iron sulfate (FeSO4) or iron carbonate (FeCO3) on nursery pig growth performance and blood Fe status. The pigs used for this trial did not receive an Fe injection after birth in order to increase the sensitivity to added dietary Fe after weaning. Pigs were weaned at approximately 21 d and allotted to pens based on the initial weight in a completely randomized block design with five pigs in each pen and four pens per treatment. Experimental treatments were arranged as a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial with main effects of dietary Fe source (FeSO4 vs. FeCO3) and level (10, 30, or 50 mg/kg of added Fe) plus a negative control with no additional dietary Fe. The basal diet contained 40 mg/kg total dietary Fe based on ingredient contributions and was formulated with an Fe-free trace mineral premix. Experimental diets were formulated below the pigs recommended Fe requirement based on NRC (2012) estimates. Experimental diets were fed in pellet form in a single phase for the duration of the trial. From day 0 to 32, there was no evidence for source × level interactions for growth performance, hemoglobin (Hb), or hematocrit (Hct) values. There was no evidence for a difference (P &gt; 0.10) in dietary Fe source. Providing increasing Fe levels in the diet from either FeSO4 or FeCO3 improved (P &lt; 0.05) average daily gain, average daily feed intake, gain-to-feed ratio, and increased (P &lt; 0.05) Hb and Hct values. A day effect (P = 0.001) was observed for both Hb and Hct with values increasing throughout the study. Increasing dietary Fe levels in the diet from either FeSO4 or FeCO3 increased (linear; P &lt; 0.05) Hb and Hct values on days 14, 21, and 32. In summary, these data suggest that the micronized form of FeCO3 is a source of Fe that can be added to nursery diets to yield similar responses to those observed from FeSO4 supplementation. Similar to previous research, increasing dietary Fe improved the growth performance and increased Hb and Hct values when pigs have low Fe status at weaning.

scholarly journals Effects of different diet alternatives to replace the use of pharmacological levels of zinc on growth performance and fecal dry matter of weanling pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Laskoski ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Ground Wheat

Abstract A total of 300 weanling pigs (Line 400 × 200, DNA, Columbus, NE, initially 4.83 kg) were used in a 46-d trial to evaluate the effects of different nutritional strategies to replace pharmacological levels of Zn, provided by zinc oxide (ZnO), in nursery diets on growth performance and fecal dry matter (DM). Six treatments with 10 replicate pens per treatment and 5 pigs per pen were used. Diets consisted of: 1) Positive control (ZnO providing 3,000 mg/kg added Zn from d 0 to 7 and 2,000 mg/kg added Zn from d 8 to 25 and 21% crude protein, CP); 2) Negative control (NC; no added ZnO); 3) NC plus 1.2% Na Diformate; 4) NC with 4% coarse ground wheat bran; 5) NC but formulated to 18% CP); and 6) The combination of NC with 18% CP, 1.2% Na Diformate, and 4% coarse ground wheat bran. The diets formulated to 18% CP contained 1.2% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys from day 0 to 25 whereas the 21% CP diets contained 1.4% SID Lys from day 0 to 7 and 1.35% SID Lys from d 7 to 25. From d 25 to 46, all pigs were fed a common diet. From d 0 to 7, no differences in any variables were observed between treatments. From d 7 to 25, pigs fed the diet with added ZnO had greater (P &lt; 0.01) ADG and ADFI than all other treatments. Pigs fed the diet formulated to 18% CP had decreased (P &lt; 0.01) ADG compared with pigs fed the other diets. From d 25 to 46, no previous treatment effects on ADG or G:F were observed. Overall (day 0 to 46), pigs fed the diet with added ZnO from d 0 to 25 had greater (P &lt; 0.01) ADG, ADFI, and final BW than pigs fed added Na Diformate, or 4% coarse ground wheat bran, or with the 18% CP diet, with pigs fed the combination of the additives intermediate. There was no evidence for differences in overall G:F. Pigs fed the NC diet had the lowest fecal DM and highest fecal scores (P &lt; 0.05) indicating the greatest incidence of loose stools. Pigs fed added ZnO had greater fecal DM than pigs fed the NC, 4% added wheat bran, or 18% CP diets, with pigs fed the combination of additives intermediate (P &lt; 0.01). These results suggest that adding pharmacological levels of Zn from ZnO improves nursery pig performance and increases DM content of feces when compared with pigs fed diets with either, Na Diformate, 4% course wheat bran, or 18% CP alone. However, a combination of all 3 alternatives appeared to be additive and partially restore growth performance similar to adding pharmacological levels of Zn.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document