scholarly journals Effects of different diet alternatives to replace the use of pharmacological levels of zinc on growth performance and fecal dry matter of weanling pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Laskoski ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Ground Wheat

Abstract A total of 300 weanling pigs (Line 400 × 200, DNA, Columbus, NE, initially 4.83 kg) were used in a 46-d trial to evaluate the effects of different nutritional strategies to replace pharmacological levels of Zn, provided by zinc oxide (ZnO), in nursery diets on growth performance and fecal dry matter (DM). Six treatments with 10 replicate pens per treatment and 5 pigs per pen were used. Diets consisted of: 1) Positive control (ZnO providing 3,000 mg/kg added Zn from d 0 to 7 and 2,000 mg/kg added Zn from d 8 to 25 and 21% crude protein, CP); 2) Negative control (NC; no added ZnO); 3) NC plus 1.2% Na Diformate; 4) NC with 4% coarse ground wheat bran; 5) NC but formulated to 18% CP); and 6) The combination of NC with 18% CP, 1.2% Na Diformate, and 4% coarse ground wheat bran. The diets formulated to 18% CP contained 1.2% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys from day 0 to 25 whereas the 21% CP diets contained 1.4% SID Lys from day 0 to 7 and 1.35% SID Lys from d 7 to 25. From d 25 to 46, all pigs were fed a common diet. From d 0 to 7, no differences in any variables were observed between treatments. From d 7 to 25, pigs fed the diet with added ZnO had greater (P < 0.01) ADG and ADFI than all other treatments. Pigs fed the diet formulated to 18% CP had decreased (P < 0.01) ADG compared with pigs fed the other diets. From d 25 to 46, no previous treatment effects on ADG or G:F were observed. Overall (day 0 to 46), pigs fed the diet with added ZnO from d 0 to 25 had greater (P < 0.01) ADG, ADFI, and final BW than pigs fed added Na Diformate, or 4% coarse ground wheat bran, or with the 18% CP diet, with pigs fed the combination of the additives intermediate. There was no evidence for differences in overall G:F. Pigs fed the NC diet had the lowest fecal DM and highest fecal scores (P < 0.05) indicating the greatest incidence of loose stools. Pigs fed added ZnO had greater fecal DM than pigs fed the NC, 4% added wheat bran, or 18% CP diets, with pigs fed the combination of additives intermediate (P < 0.01). These results suggest that adding pharmacological levels of Zn from ZnO improves nursery pig performance and increases DM content of feces when compared with pigs fed diets with either, Na Diformate, 4% course wheat bran, or 18% CP alone. However, a combination of all 3 alternatives appeared to be additive and partially restore growth performance similar to adding pharmacological levels of Zn.

Effects of feeding diets containing low crude protein and coarse wheat bran as alternatives to zinc oxide in nursery pig diets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey L Batson ◽  
Hilda I Calderón ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Feeding Diets

Abstract Two experiments determined the effects of crude protein (CP) in diets containing coarse wheat bran (CWB) with or without pharmacological levels of Zn on weanling pig growth performance. In Exp. 1, treatments included a positive control (21% CP) with 3,000 mg/kg Zn in phase 1 and 2,000 mg/kg in phase 2; negative control (21% CP) with 110 mg/kg Zn, and four diets containing 4% CWB and 110 mg/kg Zn formulated to 21, 19.5, 18, or 16.5% CP. The three diets with 21% CP and CWB contained 1.40% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys in phase 1 and 1.35% SID Lys in phase 2, while the 19.5, 18, and 16.5% CP diets contained 1.35, 1.25 and 1.20% Lys, respectively. Pigs fed the diet containing pharmacological Zn had increased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F compared to the negative control and the 21% CP CWB diet. Reducing CP decreased ADG and G:F (linear, P = 0.002). In Exp. 2, diets consisted of: 1) positive control with 2,000 mg/kg of Zn and 21% CP (1.35% SID Lys); 2) 110 mg/kg Zn and 21% CP; and 3 diets with 110 mg/kg Zn and 18% CP with 3) 1.2% SID Lys; 4) 1.35% SID Lys by the addition of crystalline AA, and 5) diet 4 with added non-essential AA. Pigs fed 21% CP with Zn had increased (P = 0.001) ADG compared to those fed 18% CP (1.35% SID Lys) or 1.2% SID Lys. In summary, added Zn improved growth performance, but reducing CP did not.

scholarly journals PSV-14 Effects of Cordyceps mushroom powder on nursery pig performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 197-198
Author(s):  
Jacob A Richert ◽  
Jorge Y P Palencia ◽  
Clayton S Chastain ◽  
Morgan T Thayer ◽  
Brian T Richert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Step Down

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the optimal level of Cordyceps mushroom powder inclusion in diets for nursery pigs. One-hundred sixty crossbred pigs [(Duroc × (York × Landrace)] weaned at 18.8 d of age and weighing an average of 5.94 kg were used in a 35 day, 4 phase growth trial to evaluate Cordyceps mushroom powder as potential alternative to carbadox in nursery pig diets. Pigs were allotted by weight, sex, litter, and assigned to body weight (BW) blocks. Within BW blocks, sex ratios were constant in each pen. Each pen within a BW block was randomly assigned a dietary treatment. Growth performance was analyzed as a RCB design using BW, ADG, ADFI, G:F using GLM procedure of SAS 9.4. There were 5 or 6 pigs/pen and 6 pens/treatment. Five diets were used in the study: a negative diet or a positive control (Carbadox, 55 ppm); 300 or 600 ppm mushroom powder, and a step down treatment (900, 900, 450, 300, 150 ppm mushroom powder during weeks 1 through 5, respectively). At various points of the study, pigs fed the 300 ppm and the step-down mushroom powder treatments tended to have improved (P < 0.10) growth performance compared with those fed the negative control diet. During Phase 4 of the study, pigs fed Carbadox had greater ADG (P < 0.02) and improved feed efficiency (P < 0.09) compared to pigs fed the negative control diet. However, overall data showed that there were no statistical differences among treatments (P > 0.05). In summary, pigs fed 300 ppm mushroom powder or the step-down treatment showed comparable growth performance to pigs fed Carbadox. However, future research is needed under a greater disease challenge to examine mushroom powder’s full potential as an alternative to antibiotics.

scholarly journals PSV-13 Effects of increasing iron dosage in newborn pigs on subsequent nursery performance and hematological criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
D 63 ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance

Abstract Weaned pigs (n = 308; 5.7 kg BW) were used in a 42-d study evaluating the effects of increasing injectable Fe dose at processing (d 3 after farrowing) on subsequent nursery pig performance and hematological criteria. Pigs were weaned on d 21 and allotted to pens based on previous Fe treatment with BW balanced across pens within a treatment with 5 or 6 pigs/pen and 10 pens/treatment. Treatments applied at processing were a negative control receiving no Fe injection or increasing injectable Fe (Gleptoforte, Ceva Animal Health, Lenexa, KS) to provide 50, 100, 150, 200-mg, or 200-mg plus 100-mg on d 11 post-farrowing. All pigs were fed the same diets after weaning containing 110 mg/kg of Fe from FeSO4 provided from the trace mineral premix. Growth data were analyzed as a CRD with pen as the experimental unit. Hematological criteria were analyzed as a repeated measure with pig as the experimental unit. Overall, increasing injectable Fe improved (linear; P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI (Table 1). Increasing injectable Fe up to 150 mg improved (quadratic; P = 0.011) G:F with a worsening G:F thereafter. There was no evidence of difference in growth performance (P > 0.10) between the 200-mg and the 200 + 100 mg injectable Fe treatments. Significant treatment×day interactions (P < 0.001) were observed for Hgb and Hct because pigs receiving an Fe injection less than 150-mg had increasing values through nursery while all other pigs had values remaining constant until d 63 after birth with no evidence of difference (P > 0.10) amongst all treatments at d 63 after birth. These results suggest that providing a 200-mg Fe injection at processing provides the greatest growth performance in the nursery and Fe in the diet is sufficient to meet the pigs’ Fe requirement to restore blood Fe status at the end of the nursery.

scholarly journals PSV-10 Effects of storing three phytase sources for 90 days under high temperature and humidity on phytase stability, growth performance, and bone mineralization of nursery pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
Carine M Vier ◽  
Mariana Boscato Menegat ◽  
Kiah M Gourley ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phytase Activity ◽  
Pure Form ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Nursery Pig

Abstract This study evaluated storing 3 commercial phytases for 90 d in an environmental chamber set at 29.4°C and 75% humidity on phytase stability and nursery pig growth performance and bone mineralization. The phytases [HiPhos GT (20,000 FYT/g, DSM Nutritional Products, Parsippany, NJ); Axtra Phy TPT (20,000 FTU/g, Dupont, Wilmington, DE), and Quantum Blue G (40,000 FTU/g, AB Vista, Plantation, FL)] were kept as pure forms or blended in a vitamin-trace mineral (VTM) premix and sampled on d 0, 30, 60, and 90 of storage. Regardless of source and form, analyzed phytase activity decreased (linear, P < 0.001) as storage increased. Afterwards, 300 nursery pigs (11.7 kg BW) were assigned to 1 of 8 treatments in a RCBD with 4-5 pigs/pen and 8 pens/treatment. Treatments included a negative (NC, 0.12% aP) and positive control (PC, 0.27% aP) without phytase; or NC with added phytase to provide 0.15% aP (1,000, 651 and 500 FTU/kg for HiPhos, Axtra Phy, and Quantum Blue, respectively). Negative control with added phytase treatments were manufactured with each phytase source previously stored in pure form or VTM premix for 90d. Pigs fed PC had greater (P < 0.001) ADG compared to pigs fed Axtra Phy stored in VTM or NC. Feed intake was similar for PC, phytases stored in pure forms, and HiPhos and Quantum Blue stored in VTM, and greater (P < 0.001) than pigs fed NC. Pigs fed PC or HiPhos stored in pure form had improved (P < 0.001) G:F compared to pigs fed NC. Bone mineralization was greater (P < 0.001) for pigs fed PC compared to NC, phytases stored in VTM, and Axtra Phy and Quantum Blue stored in pure form. Regardless of source and form, phytase activity decreased as storage increased. In this study, bone ash was reduced when phytases were stored for 90d in a VTM compared to the PC.

scholarly journals Inclusion of the direct-fed microbial Clostridium butyricum in diets for weanling pigs increases growth performance and tends to increase villus height and crypt depth, but does not change intestinal microbial abundance

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria A Casas ◽  
Laia Blavi ◽  
Tzu-Wen L Cross ◽  
Anne H Lee ◽  
Kelly S Swanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Clostridium Butyricum ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Crypt Depth

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that inclusion of the direct fed microbial Clostridium butyricum in diets for weanling pigs will improve growth performance, systemic immune function, microbiota composition, and gut morphology in weaned pigs. A total of 275 newly weaned pigs (20 ± 2 d of age) with an average initial BW of 6.4 ± 0.8 kg were allotted to a randomized complete block design with 11 pens per treatment. Diets included a positive control diet containing Carbadox, a negative control diet without Carbadox, and three treatment diets in which 1,250 × 108 cfu/kg, 2,500 × 108 cfu/kg, or 3,500 × 108 cfu/kg of C. butyricum was added to the negative control diet. A two-phase feeding program was used (phase 1, 14 d; phase 2, 21 d). At the conclusion of the experiment (day 35), a blood sample was collected from one pig per pen (11 pigs per treatment) and this pig was then euthanized and digesta and tissues samples were collected. Results indicated that for the overall phase, pigs fed the positive control diet had greater (P &lt; 0.05) ADG and ADFI and tended (P = 0.064) to have greater final BW than pigs fed the negative control diet. The ADG and G:F increased and then decreased as increasing doses of C. butyricum were included in the diet (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05). The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α was less (P &lt; 0.05) in pigs fed the positive control diet compared with pigs fed the negative control diet or diets containing C. butyricum. Crypt depth tended (P = 0.08) to be less in pigs fed the negative control diet compared with pigs fed the positive control diet and villus height tended to increase as the doses of C. butyricum increased in the diets (quadratic, P = 0.08). Villus height also tended (P = 0.084) to be greater in pigs fed diets containing C. butyricum compared with pigs fed the positive control diet. Crypt depth increased as the dose of C. butyricum increased (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) and villus width at the bottom tended to increase (linear, P = 0.072) as the dose of C. butyricum increased in the diet. Alpha and beta diversity indices of ileal and colonic microbiota were not affected by diet. In conclusion, addition of 1,250 × 108 cfu/kg of C. butyricum, but not greater levels, to diets fed to weanling pigs increased growth performance and tended to increase villus height and crypt depth, but changes in the abundance of intestinal microbiota were not observed.

98 Buttiauxella Phytase Improves Growth Performance of Weanling Pigs Fed Corn, Soybean Meal, and Canola Meal Based Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 49-50
Author(s):  
Carly M Rundle ◽  
Yueming Dersjant-Li ◽  
Barthold Hillen ◽  
Maryane S Sespere Faria Oliveira ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Quadratic Effects

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that a Buttiauxella phytase expressed in T. reesei can compensate the reduction in standardized total tract digestible (STTD) P, Ca, digestible energy (DE), and standardized ileal digestible (SID) AA in diets for pigs without impaired growth performance. A positive control diet (PC) was formulated to meet the requirement for STTD P and total Ca (0.33% STTD P and 0.60% Ca). A negative control diet (NC) was formulated with 0.18% STTD P and 0.45% Ca and with reduction of DE by 43 kcal/kg and SID AA by 0.01–0.02% vs. PC. Adding 250, 500, or 1,000 phytase units (FTU) per kg to the NC diet for a total of 5 experimental diets formulated three additional diets. A total of 155 pigs (BW: 8.77 ± 1.38 kg) were allotted to the 5 treatments, and there were 8 replicate pens per treatment. The experiment was conducted for 21 d. Pigs were weighed at the beginning and conclusion of the experiment, and daily feed allotments were recorded. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain: feed ratio (G:F) were calculated for each treatment. Data were analyzed using contrast statements to compare PC and NC, PC and phytase, and to determine linear and quadratic effects of phytase. Results indicated that pigs fed the NC diet had reduced (P &lt; 0.05) ADG and G:F compared with pigs fed the PC diet (Table 1). Adding phytase to NC increased ADFI (linear, P &lt; 0.05) and ADG (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) with the greatest values for the 1,000 FTU treatment. Including phytase in the diet also resulted in a quadratic increase (P &lt; 0.05) in G:F. In conclusion, Buttiauxella phytase may be included in diets with reduced nutrients and energy for weanling pigs without compromising pig growth performance.

scholarly journals 80 Determining the effects of tryptophan biomass on growth performance of 11 to 23 kg nursery pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 43-43
Author(s):  
Madison R Wensley ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Growth Trial

Abstract A total of 320 barrows (DNA 200×400, initially 11.3 ± 0.65 kg BW) were used in a 21-d growth trial evaluating the effects of feeding Trp biomass (CJ America-Bio, Downers Grove, IL) as a source of Trp on nursery pig performance. Pigs were weaned at approximately 21 d of age, placed in pens based on initial BW, and fed a common diet. On d 21 after weaning, pigs were weighed and pens were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 5 pigs/pen and 16 replicates/treatment. Dietary treatments included a negative control (16% SID Trp:Lys), positive control (21% SID Trp:Lys from crystalline L-Trp), or diets containing Trp biomass to provide 21 or 23.5% SID Trp:Lys (included at 0.104 or 0.156% of the diet, respectively). Diets were corn-soybean meal based and contained 1.25% SID Lys with other AA set to meet or exceed NRC (2012) requirement estimates. The Trp biomass contained 69% Trp. Growth data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using PROC GLIMMIX of SAS with pen as the experimental unit. Overall (d 0 to 21) pigs fed 21% Trp from L-Trp or Trp biomass had increased (P < 0.05) ADG compared to the control, with pigs fed the 23.5% SID Trp biomass intermediate. Pigs fed the 21% Trp from Trp biomass had improved (P < 0.05) G:F compared to the control with others intermediate. In conclusion, Trp biomass is a viable alternative to crystalline Trp, but further evaluation at higher inclusion levels is needed.

scholarly journals 266 Dietary strategies in diets without zinc oxide for nursery pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 92-93
Author(s):  
Fernanda Laskoski ◽  
Wade M Hutchens ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Ground Wheat ◽  
Dietary Strategies

Abstract A total of 300 pigs (DNA 241 × 600; initially 4.2 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of different nutritional strategies to replace zinc oxide (ZnO) in nursery diets. Treatments consisted of A) Positive control (21% CP; ZnO providing 3,000 ppm Zn from d 0 to 7, and 2,000 ppm Zn from d 7 to 25); B) Negative control (NC; no ZnO); C) NC plus 1.2% Na diformate; D) NC with 4% coarse ground wheat bran; E) NC with low crude protein (18%) by adding high levels of feed grade amino acids; and F) the combination of NC with 18% crude protein (CP), 1.2% Na diformate, and 4% coarse ground wheat bran. There were 5 pigs per pen and 10 pens per treatment in a completely randomized design. Data were analyzed with the Proc Mixed procedure in SAS. For the overall period (d 0 to 46), pigs fed diets containing ZnO had greater (P &lt; 0.001) ADG, ADFI, and final BW than other treatments, with pigs fed the NC with 18% CP having the lowest performance. Pigs fed the NC diet without any nutritional alternative had the lowest fecal dry matter (DM; P &lt; 0.050) and highest fecal scores (P &lt; 0.050). Pigs fed diets with ZnO had similar fecal DM and scores as pigs fed the diet containing the combination of 1.2% Na diformate, 4% coarse ground wheat bran, and low (18%) CP, but greater (P &lt; 0.023) fecal DM than pigs fed the alternatives used individually. This study suggests none of the strategies used alone were effective at replacing ZnO while the use of low CP and amino acids reduced performance further. Combining the three alternatives tested as a replacement to ZnO improved fecal DM content and fecal score but did not result in improved growth performance.

scholarly journals 176 Evaluation of a novel threonine source for nursery pig diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 85-86
Author(s):  
Dalton Humphrey ◽  
Spenser Becker ◽  
Jason Lee ◽  
Keith Haydon ◽  
Laura L Greiner
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Similar Growth ◽  
Source Test

Abstract Four hundred and eighty (PIC 337 X 1050, PIC Genus, Hendersonville, TN) pigs were used to evaluate a novel threonine source (ThrPro, CJ America-Bio, Fort Dodge, IA) for nursery pigs from approximately 7 kg to 20 kg. At weaning, pigs were sorted by gender and fed a common diet for one week. Upon completion of the first week, pigs were sorted into randomized complete blocks, equalized by weight, within 16 replications. Pigs were allocated to one of three dietary treatments: positive control (POS)-SID LYS:THR 0.60, negative control (NEG)-SID LYS:THR ≤0.46 and alternative threonine source (TEST)-SID LYS:THR 0.60. All other nutrients met or exceeded the NRC (2012) recommendations. Growth and intake data were analyzed using PROC MIXED procedure in SAS. The experimental unit was the pen. During the first 14 days, pigs fed TEST had similar ADG (0.417 vs. 0.414 kg/d, P=0.81) and G:F (0.977 vs. 1.030, P=0.18) compared to POS, and increased ADG (0.417 vs. 0.387 kg/d, P=0.01) and G:F (0.977 vs. 0.898, P=0.05) compared to NEG. Over days 14-28, pigs fed TEST had similar ADG (0.523 vs. 0.532 kg/d, P=0.49) and G:F (0.712 vs. 0.707, P=0.71) compared to POS, and increased ADG (0.523 vs. 0.479 kg/d, P=0.002) and G:F (0.712 vs. 0.627, P&lt; 0.0001) compared to NEG. Overall (d 0 to 28), pigs fed TEST had similar ADG (0.466 vs. 0.474 kg/d, P=0.48) and G:F (0.808 vs. 0.816, P=0.55) compared to POS, and increased ADG (0.466 vs. 0.433 kg/d, P=0.002) and G:F (0.808 vs. 0.725, P&lt; 0.0001) compared to NEG. ADFI was not significantly different across treatments for the entirety of the study. In conclusion, the replacement of L-threonine with a novel threonine source resulted in similar growth performance in nursery pigs from approximately 7 kg to 20 kg.

94 The Effects of Dietary Crude Protein, Acidifier, and Pharmacological Levels of Zinc on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Wade M Hutchens ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Weanling pigs (n = 360, DNA 200 × 400, initially 5.90 kg) were used to evaluate pharmacological levels of Zn (ZnO), diet acidification (sodium diformate; Addcon, Bitterfeld-Wolfen, Germany), and crude protein (18 or 21% CP) on pig performance. At weaning, pigs were assigned to treatments with 5 pigs/pen and 9 pens/treatment. Treatments were arranged in a 2×2×2 factorial with main effects of Zn (110 mg/kg from d 0 to 21 or 3,000 mg/kg from d 0 to 7, and 2,000 mg/kg from d 7 to 21), diet acidification (without or with 1.2% sodium diformate), and dietary CP (21 or 18%). The 21% CP diets were formulated to 1.40 and 1.35% SID Lys in phase 1 and 2, respectively, and 18% CP diets were formulated to 1.20% SID Lys. Experimental diets were fed from d 0 to 21 with a common diet from d 21 to 42. Fecal samples were collected weekly to determine fecal dry matter (DM). Data were analyzed using R Studio as a RCBD. From d 0 to 21, ADG and G:F increased (P &lt; 0.05) for pigs fed pharmacological Zn, and sodium diformate. Overall, ADG tended (P ≤ 0.069) to increase for pigs fed added Zn or sodium diformate. Pigs fed 21% CP had increased (P &lt; 0.05) ADG and G:F from d 0 to 21 and overall G:F compared with those fed 18% CP. Feeding 18% CP diets increased fecal dry matter on d 7 when pharmacological Zn and sodium diformate were not in the diet (Zn×acidifier×CP interaction, P &lt; 0.05). From d 21 to 42, there was no evidence of difference in growth performance. In conclusion, reducing CP without acidification increased fecal DM when pharmacological Zn were not in the diet, but had little effect when it was in the diet. Adding sodium diformate and pharmacological Zn independently improved nursery pig growth performance.

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