scholarly journals 360 Effect of housing beef cows on dry lots vs pasture on cow performance and reproduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 149-150
Author(s):  
Ashley E Cooney ◽  
Lucas T Neira ◽  
Wesley P Chapple ◽  
William T Meteer ◽  
Joshua C McCann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Reproductive Rates

Abstract The objectives were to compare the effects of housing cows in dry lots or pasture on cow performance and reproduction. Simmental × Angus (n = 108; 87 ± 11.5 d postpartum), lactating, spring-calving cows were stratified by age, BW, BCS, calving date, and sex of the calves and allotted to six groups. Groups were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: dry lot (DL) or pasture (PAST). The cows in dry lot were limit-fed a ration consisting of corn silage, dried distillers grains, corn stalks, corn, and soybean hulls to meet their protein and energy requirements. Cows on pasture were rotationally grazed and with free-choice mineral. On d 0, cows were synchronized and artificially inseminated (AI). On d 0, 33, 51, and 87, BW and BCS were measured. Cow AI and overall pregnancy were determined on d 35 and 88, respectively. On d 52, milk production was determined using the weigh-suckle-weigh technique. Body weight, BCS, and milk yield were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Reproductive data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. On d 0 and 33, BW did not differ (P ≥ 0.38) between cows on in DL or on PAST. On d 51, DL cows tended (P = 0.07) to have greater BW than PAST cows. On d 87, DL cows had greater BW (P = 0.05) than PAST cows. The BCS, milk yield, and reproductive rates did not differ (P ≥ 0.12) between treatments. Housing cows in dry lots compared to pasture increased BW, but did not affect BCS, milk production, and reproduction.

scholarly journals PSI-3 Effects of housing cow-calf pairs in drylots vs pasture during the summer on cow performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 228-228
Author(s):  
Keiffer Sexton ◽  
Megan Myerscough ◽  
Wesley Chapple ◽  
William T Meteer ◽  
Keela Trennepohl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Cow Performance

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effects of maintaining cows in drylots vs pasture on beef cow performance. Spring-calving, Simmental × Angus cows (n = 108; 84 ± 11 d postpartum) were stratified by age, BW, BCS, calving date, and sex of calves and allotted to 6 groups. Groups were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments for 110 d: drylot (DL) or pasture (PAST). Drylot cows were limit-fed a ration consisting of corn silage, dried distillers grains, hay, corn stalks, corn, and soybean hulls to meet protein and energy requirements. Cows on pasture were rotationally grazed and offered free-choice mineral. On d 0, cows were artificially inseminated (AI). On d 0, 53, and 110 (weaning), cow BW and BCS were measured. On d 54 milk production was estimated using the weigh-suckle-weigh technique. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. All binary data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. On d 0 and 53, cow BW did not differ (P ≥ 0.73) between DL and PAST. On d 110, DL cows had 74 kg greater (P < 0.01) BW than PAST cows. The BCS did not differ (P ≥ 0.66) between treatments. There was no difference in milk production (P = 0.93); however, drylot cows tended (P = 0.10) to have reduced milk fat percentage and had reduced (P < 0.01) milk urea nitrogen. There was no difference (P ≥ 0.34) in AI or overall pregnancy rates between treatments. There was no difference in foot angle or claw set (P ≥ 0.17) of cows at any time point. There was also no difference (P = 0.17) in foot treatments between DL (39%) and PAST (4%). Housing cows in drylots compared to pasture increased BW, but did not affect BCS, milk production, and pregnancy rates.

The effect of brown midrib corn silage and dried distillers' grains with solubles on milk production, nitrogen utilization and microbial community structure in dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Ramirez Ramirez ◽  
K. Nestor ◽  
L. O. Tedeschi ◽  
T. R. Callaway ◽  
S. E. Dowd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Brown Midrib ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains

Ramirez, H. A. R., Nestor, K., Tedeschi, L. O., Callaway, T. R., Dowd, S. E., Fernando, S. C. and Kononoff, P. J. 2012. The effect of brown midrib corn silage and dried distillers' grains with solubles on milk production, nitrogen utilization and microbial community structure in dairy cows. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 365–380. Thirty-six Holstein cows (24 multiparous and 12 primiparous), four multiparous were ruminally cannulated, (mean±SD, 111±35 days in milk; 664±76.5 kg body weight) were used in replicated 4×4 Latin squares with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments to investigate the effects of brown midrib (bm3) and conventional (DP) corn silages, and the inclusion of dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) on milk production and N utilization. Experimental periods were 28 d in length. Treatments were DP corn silage and 0% DDGS; bm3 corn silage and 0% DDGS; DP corn silage and 30% DDGS; and bm3 corn silage and 30% DDGS. Compared with DP hybrid, total tract fiber digestibility was greater for cows consuming bm3 (32.5 vs. 38.1±1.79%) and DDGS (40.0 vs. 35.2±1.76%). Milk yield was not affected by treatment, and averaged 30.5±1.09 kg d−1. Milk protein yield was positively affected by bm3 corn silage and the inclusion of DDGS. An interaction between hybrid and DDGS on milk fat was also observed. The nature of the interaction was such that milk fat was only affected when DDGS were included in the diet and the lowest milk fat was observed when bm3 corn silage was fed (3.46, 3.59, 2.84 and 2.51±0.10% DP 0% DDGS, bm3 0% DDGS, DP 30% DDGS and bm3 30% DDGS, respectively). As a proportion of the total N consumed, manure N was significantly reduced by the inclusion of bm3 corn silage and DDGS (64.1, 57.1, 52.0, 51.2% for DP 0% DDGS, bm3 0% DDGS, DP 30% DDGS and bm3 30% DDGS, respectively). The Firmicutes:Bacteriodetes ratio in the rumen decreased when cattle consumed DDGS. When cows were fed bm3 corn silage, the population of Fibrobacter sp. tended to represent a larger proportion of the total bacterial population (1.8 vs. 2.3±0.28% for DP and bm3, respectively) and this shift may have been driven by the fact that bm3 corn silage has less lignin, therefore the cellulose digesting bacteria may have more access to the cellulose.

The influence of supplementation with haylage, haylage plus soybean meal or haylage plus corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles on the performance of wintering pregnant beef cows fed wheat straw

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Wood ◽  
I.B. Mandell ◽  
K.C. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Fourteen pens containing a total of 53 individually fed, multiparous, pregnant, crossbred beef cows were used to investigate feeding of free-choice haylage or supplemention programs for cows fed wheat straw. Dietary treatments for the 112-d feeding period were: free choice haylage (pens = 2, cows = 7; 100% Haylage), haylage offered at 0.7% body weight (BW) plus free choice straw (pens = 3, cows = 11; 0.7% Haylage), haylage offered at 1% of BW plus free choice straw (pens = 3, cows = 12; 1% Haylage), haylage offered at 0.5% BW plus soybean meal and free choice straw (pens = 3, cows = 12; Haylage + SBM), and haylage offered at 0.5% BW plus corn dried distillers’ grains plus solubles and free choice access to straw [pens = 3, cows = 11; Haylage + dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS)]. The non-straw component of Haylage + SBM and Haylage + DDGS was formulated to provide equal amounts of N (relative to BW) to that of 1% Haylage. Total dry matter intake (DMI) was greater (P ≤ 0.01) in cows receiving 100% Haylage vs. other treatments and 1% Haylage, Haylage + SBM, and Haylage + DDGS vs. 0.7% Haylage. Straw DMI was greater (P < 0.001) in cows receiving Haylage + SBM and Haylage + DDGS vs. 1% Haylage. Average daily gain was greater (P ≤ 0.002) in cows receiving 100% Haylage vs. other treatments, 1% Haylage, Haylage + SBM, and Haylage + DDGS vs. 0.7% Haylage, and Haylage + SBM and Haylage + DDGS vs. 1% Haylage. These data indicate that feeding wheat straw supplemented with haylage or haylage plus SBM or DDGS may be an acceptable alternative to free-choice haylage to minimize winter feed costs and that supplementation with Haylage plus SBM or Haylage plus DDGS results in increased straw DMI and ADG when compared to supplementation with haylage alone.

scholarly journals Influence of Residual Feed Intake and Cow Age on Dry Matter Intake Post-Weaning and Peak Lactation of Black Angus Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1822
Author(s):  
Cory T. Parsons ◽  
Julia M. Dafoe ◽  
Samuel A. Wyffels ◽  
Timothy DelCurto ◽  
Darrin L. Boss
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Two Stages

We evaluated heifer post-weaning residual feed intake (RFI) classification and cow age on dry matter intake (DMI) at two stages of production. Fifty-nine non-lactating, pregnant, (Study 1) and fifty-four lactating, non-pregnant (Study 2) commercial black Angus beef cows were grouped by age and RFI. Free-choice, hay pellets were fed in a GrowSafe feeding system. In Study 1, cow DMI (kg/d) and intake rate (g/min) displayed a cow age effect (p < 0.01) with an increase in DMI and intake rate with increasing cow age. In Study 2, cow DMI (kg/d) and intake rate (g/min) displayed a cow age effect (p < 0.02) with an increase in DMI and intake rate with increasing cow age. Milk production displayed a cow age × RFI interaction (p < 0.01) where both 5–6-year-old and 8–9-year-old low RFI cows produced more milk than high RFI cows. For both studies, intake and intake behavior were not influenced by RFI (p ≥ 0.16) or cow age × RFI interaction (p ≥ 0.21). In summary, heifer’s post-weaning RFI had minimal effects on beef cattle DMI or intake behavior, however, some differences were observed in milk production.

ESTIMATES OF CREEP FEED REQUIREMENTS OF NURSING CALVES AND THE TOTAL ENERGY REQUIREMENTS OF BOTH COW AND CALF TO PRODUCE THE WEANED CALF

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. PARKINS ◽  
C. A. MORRIS ◽  
J. W. WILTON
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Cumulative Energy ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Creep Feed

Metabolizable energy and net energy systems were used to calculate creep feed requirements of nursing beef calves. These methods allow estimation of cumulative energy requirements for creep feed of growing calves for any combination of birth weight, rate of weight gain, energy concentration of the diet and level of milk production of the dam. Creep feed requirements estimated by these methods are in reasonable agreement with experimental findings. As examples, the methods were used to calculate creep feed energy requirements and total energy requirements of cows and calves in two situations: (a) combinations of three levels of milk production and three cow sizes where calf growth rate is proportional to cow weight and (b) combination of three levels of milk production and calf growth rates where growth rates are assumed independent of cow size. In the latter situation, the extra energy required for a unit change in output increased with increased liveweight gain, but decreased with increased milk production. Overall biological efficiencies to weaning were also compared (including the annual energy requirements of the cow and the calf in relation to the weight of calf produced at weaning). Generally, for straightbreeding, larger cows of low milk yield were estimated to be more biologically efficient to weaning than smaller cows of high milk yield. When large bulls are mated to smaller cows (giving crossbred calves) those cows with faster growing calves and lower milk yields are biologically more efficient. However, these findings may not coincide with findings for economic efficiency.

A comparison among equations to characterize lactation curves in beef cows

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Hohenboken ◽  
A. Dudley ◽  
D. E. Moody
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Lactation Curve

AbstractMonthly and fortnightly milk production records were analysed from 59 autumn-calving Angus and Angus × Holstein crossbred cows. Half the cows had been administered 10 mg thyroxine per day from day 60 to 120 of lactation and half were controls. Four published equations to characterize individual lactation curves were compared. These were: (1) log Y(n) = log –a1 + b1log n – c1n (Wood); (2) equation 1 with each log Y(n)2 weighted by Yin)2 (Wood weighted); (3) log [Y(n)/n7 = log l/a3 – k3n(Jenkins); and (4) log Y(n) = a4 – b4n‘(l + 25·5 n’) + c4n2 = d 4/ n (Morant), where Y(n) is milk yield on day n of lactation, n' is n–110 (the mid point of lactation), and the a, b, c, k and d parameters are estimated from solution of the equations. The lactation curve from the Jenkins equation projected peak milk yield to occur some 30 days later than estimates from the other equations. It underestimated production early and late in lactation and overestimated it during mid lactation. For several cows, the Morant equation projected that peak production occurred at the end of lactation. Also, analysis of variance of milk production variables was less sensitive when the traits were estimated by the Morant equation than when they were estimated by one of the others. The Wood weighted equation resulted in estimates of peak day of lactation and peak yield that were less variable and more realistic than estimates from the Wood equation. Collectively, therefore, the Wood weighted equation was deemed most suitable to characterize variability among and within these beef cows in milk production. All four equations, however, ranked the 59 cows similarly for estimated 220-day yield.

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