Opposing effects of plant growth regulators via clonal integration on apical and basal performance in alligator weed

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Qi ◽  
Susan Rutherford ◽  
Furong He ◽  
Bicheng Dong ◽  
Bin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Clonal Integration ◽  
Alligator Weed ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Noxious Weed

Abstract Aims Invasive plants are a major threat to biodiversity and may adversely affect food security. Clonal integration enables the sharing of resources between connected ramets and can enhance plant performance in many invasive species. However, few studies have examined the role of clonal integration when weeds are exposed to plant growth regulators (PGRs). PGRs are used extensively in agriculture and may affect nearby weeds through soil leaching, erosion, and runoff. Our aim was to investigate the effects of clonal integration on growth in a noxious weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed), in response to two PGRs frequently used in agriculture, gibberellins (GA) and paclobutrazol (PAC). Methods Ramets of A. philoxeroides were propagated in the greenhouse, and treated with PGRs. PGRs were applied to the older ramets (i.e., ‘basal’ part), with half of the plants having the stems between the apical (younger) and basal parts left connected, while the remaining plants had the stems between the two parts severed. Following the growing period, plants were measured for growth traits. Important Findings We found that GA and PAC had contrasting effects on plant growth. GA significantly promoted above-ground growth of the apical ramets via clonal integration. Alternatively, PAC inhibited above-ground growth in the basal and apical parts, and enhanced below-ground growth of the basal and apical ramets through clonal integration. Our results highlight how clonal integration can promote growth in A. philoxeroides following the application of PGRs, which is likely an important mechanism for this species to invade new environments.

Using Plant Growth Regulators to Limit Herbicide-Induced Stem Fragmentation of Aquatic Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides)

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Clements ◽  
Tony M. Dugdale ◽  
Kym L. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Eradication Program ◽  
Control Programs

Alligatorweed is subject to an eradication program in Victoria, Australia. In aquatic situations, the herbicides glyphosate and metsulfuron are used. Alligatorweed has been shown to break up soon after the application of these herbicides, resulting in the production of many stem fragments that are viable and capable of downstream colonization, compromising the effectiveness of the eradication program. This paper reports on an experiment to investigate the usefulness of commercially available plant growth regulators (PGRs) in reducing the number of viable propagules produced post-herbicide application. Three herbicide treatments (no herbicide, glyphosate, and metsulfuron) and four PGR treatments (no PGR, aviglycine [AVG], naphthalene acetic acid [NAA], and 2,4-D) were investigated in a factorial experiment. Chemicals were applied to alligatorweed growing in separate aquaria, the resulting stem fragments were collected and counted, and a subset was tested for viability. There was no evidence of PGRs having any effect on the total number of viable stem fragments produced. However, AVG reduced the total number of fragments produced. PGRs in combination with herbicide treatment had an antagonistic effect on the efficacy of the herbicides. PGRs increased belowground biomass of alligatorweed, as well as the number of apical growing tips present. Results indicate that although PGRs, particularly AVG, may be of benefit in reducing the number of alligatorweed propagules produced post-herbicide application, at the application rates tested here there would be no benefit from incorporating them into herbicide control programs for alligatorweed.

scholarly journals Effects of growth regulators on the quality of tomato fruits

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Ah. A. Suliman ◽  
A. G. Abramov ◽  
A. A. Shalamova
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Active Substances

Relevance and methods. This study aimed to improve fruit set and plant performance to increase tomato productivity by studying the effect of plant growth regulators on tomato plants. A specific experiment has been carried out to study the effect of plant growth regulators Hemo bles active substances (850 g/kg) Humic Acid with applied doses (250, 500 and 700 ppm) and Magictone active substances (5-12.5 g/kg) naphthalene acetic acid and naphthalene acetamide with applied doses (250, 500 and 700 ppm) on growth and physiological characteristics of tomato plants (Big Beef F1). The experimental design was a Complete Randomized Blocks Design. Both Hemo bles and Magictone were applied three times (spraying on plants at 30 DAP, spraying on plants at 60 DAP and spraying on plants 90 DAP).Results. The obtained results showed that, Applying Humic Acid “Ener-850” had the highest significant fruit weight (137 g) during the two seasons. Also using “Magictone” had the highest significant Flowers number (48.1), Fruits Number (35.1), Flower Clusters number in the plant (13.6) and Fruits Number (54.6. while (Humic Acid) improved tomato fruit’s quality during improve Dry weight (75.1 g) of Arial parts, Ascorbic Acid, level of Vitamin C and Carotenoids contents (4.82 mg 100 g-1). The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s HSD test with α = 0.05 with the help of MINITAB (v. 19.0) program.

scholarly journals Effect of indol-3-butric acid and chloromequate chloride on the vegetable and fruit growth of tomato plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Ah. A. Suliman ◽  
A. G. Abramov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Specific Experiment

Relevance. This study aimed to improve fruit set and plant performance to increase tomato productivity by studying the effect of plant growth regulators on tomato plants.Methods. A specific experiment has been carried out to study the effect of plant growth regulators Milagro (1% indol-3-butric acid) and Atlet active substances indol-3-butric acid and chloromequate chloride with applied doses (0.6 M/L, 1.0 M/L and 1.5 M/L) and (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 M/L) on growth and physiological characteristics of plants (Big Beef F1). The experimental design was a Complete Randomized Blocks Design. Both Hemo bles was applied three times (spraying on plants at 30 DAP, spraying on plants at 60 DAP and spraying on plants 90 DAP).Results. The obtained results showed that, Applying Milagro (1% indol-3-butric acid) had the highest significant Plant height (80.13, 128.77 and 239 cm), number of leaves/plant (18.0, 34.67 and 44.3) and stem diameter (1.07, 1.5 and 2.03 cm), fruit weight (122.0 and 136 g), Flower Clusters number in the plant (4.64, 13.33 and 16.33) and Fruits Number (61.67, 62.0 and 67) Over the three years of study. The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s HSD test with α = 0.05 with the help of MINITAB (v. 19.0) program.

Wheat regenerants in the system of rapid assessment of the effect of 24-epibrassinolide

Biomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-397
Author(s):  
Seldimirova O.A. ◽  
M.V. Bezrukova ◽  
N.N. Кruglova ◽  
F.М. Shakirova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Immature Embryo ◽  
Model System ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Experimental Model System

The influence of 24-epibrassinolide on the efficiency of regenerants obtained from embryonic calli formation was studied in wheat cultivars contrast for drought resistance. The possibility of using the experimental model system «immature embryo – embryonic callus – regenerant» in the rapid assessment of the effect of antistress plant growth regulators is shown.

Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Development in Eight Cultivars of Pecan

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.E. Yates ◽  
C.C. Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Carya Illinoensis ◽  
Appreciable Variation

The influence of stage of fruit development and plant growth regulators on somatic embryogenesis and the relation of cultivar response on somatic embryogenesis and subsequent plant development have been investigated in eight cultivars of pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch]. Explants from the micropylar region of the ovule were more embryogenic when removed from fruits in the liquid endosperm stage than were intact ovules from less-mature fruits or from cotyledonary segments of more-mature fruits. Explants conditioned on medium containing auxin alone or auxin + cytokinin produced more somatic embryos than medium containing cytokinin alone. Under the conditions of this study, frequency of embryogenesis, as well as the germination of somatic embryos leading to plant development, indicated appreciable variation among cultivars. Plant development was greatest by far from somatic embryos of `Schley' than other cultivars studied.

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