GABA negatively regulates adventitious root development in poplar

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1459-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Xie ◽  
Jing Ji ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Jianyun Yue ◽  
Changjian Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Endogenous Gaba ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Adventitious Root Development ◽  
Gaba Accumulation ◽  
Amino Acid Levels

Abstract γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) influences plant growth, but little is known about how this metabolite regulates adventitious root (AR) development. Here, we investigate the effects of GABA on ARs using poplar lines overexpressing glutamate decarboxilase 2 (GAD2) and by treating poplar stem cuttings with exogenous GABA or vigabatrin (VGB; a specific GABA transaminase inhibitor). Endogenous GABA accumulation not only inhibited AR growth, but it also suppressed or delayed AR formation. Anatomical observations revealed that the GABA and VGB treatments resulted in a 1 d delay in the formation of AR primordia and the appearance of ARs. This delay coincided with changes in primary metabolism, including transient increases in hexose and amino acid levels. GABA-dependent changes in the expression of genes related to hormone synthesis and signalling, as well as analysis of hormone levels revealed that ethylene-dependent pathways were decreased at the earliest stage of AR formation. In contrast, auxin and abscisic acid were increased at 1–5 d as well as GA4 over a 5 d period of AR formation. These results demonstrate that GABA plays a crucial role in AR development. Evidence is presented demonstrating that GABA can interact with hormone-related pathways as well as carbon/nitrogen metabolism. These findings also elucidate the functions of GABA in plant development.

scholarly journals Highly Successful Adventitious Root Formation of Zamia L. Stem Cuttings Exhibits Minimal Response to Indole-3-Butyric Acid

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1463-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin E. Deloso ◽  
Anders J. Lindström ◽  
Frank A. Camacho ◽  
Thomas E. Marler
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Adventitious Root Development

The influences of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations of 0–30 mg·g−1 on the success and speed of adventitious root development of Zamia furfuracea L.f. and Zamia integrifolia L.f. stem cuttings were determined. Root formation success for both species was greater than 95%. The IBA concentrations did not influence the speed of root development for Z. furfuracea, but the Z. integrifolia cuttings that received IBA concentration of 3 mg·g−1 generated adventitious roots more slowly than the cuttings in the control group. The ending dry weights of the stems, leaves, and roots were not influenced by IBA concentration for either species. Our results indicated that adventitious root formation on stem cuttings of these two Zamia species is successful without horticultural application of IBA. Additional IBA studies are needed on the other 300+ cycad species, especially those that are in a threatened category.

scholarly journals Leaf Retention on Stem Cuttings of Two Zamia L. Species With or Without Anti-transpirants Does Not Improve Adventitious Root Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 194008292096690
Author(s):  
Benjamin E. Deloso ◽  
Charles J. Paulino ◽  
Thomas E. Marler
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Threatened Plants ◽  
Adventitious Root Development ◽  
Wild Harvesting ◽  
Leaf Retention ◽  
Experimental Treatments

Improved horticultural practices may help to reduce demand for wild cycads threatened by unsustainable collection. We determined the influences of leaf retention with or without anti-transpirants on the success and speed of adventitious root development of Zamia furfuracea L.f. and Zamia integrifolia L.f. stem cuttings. Root formation success for both species was greater than 95%. The experimental treatments did not influence the percentage success or the speed of root development for Z. furfuracea or Z. integrifolia. The ending dry weights of the stems, leaves, and roots were also not influenced by the experimental treatments. Our results indicated that adventitious root formation on stem cuttings of these two Zamia species was highly successful with or without retained leaves, and horticultural application of transpiration-reducing products on retained leaves did not improve success. Our findings add to the growing body of evidence that show how the horticulture nursery industry can meet horticultural demands in an effort to stop wild harvesting of threatened plants. Conservation of cycads as a group would benefit from more horticulture studies such as this, especially if the research includes threatened species.

scholarly journals Exosome-Mediated Activation of Neuronal Cells Triggered by γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2544
Author(s):  
Ryo Inotsuka ◽  
Miyako Udono ◽  
Atsushi Yamatsu ◽  
Mujo Kim ◽  
Yoshinori Katakura
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Neuronal Cells ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Expression Of Genes

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a potent bioactive amino acid, and several studies have shown that oral administration of GABA induces relaxation, improves sleep, and reduces psychological stress and fatigue. In a recent study, we reported that exosomes derived from GABA-treated intestinal cells serve as signal transducers that mediate brain–gut interactions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to verify the functionality of GABA-derived exosomes and to examine the possibility of improving memory function following GABA administration. The results showed that exosomes derived from GABA-treated intestinal cells (Caco-2) activated neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y) by regulating genes related to neuronal cell functions. Furthermore, we found that exosomes derived from the serum of GABA-treated mice also activated SH-SY5Y cells, indicating that exosomes, which are capable of activating neuronal cells, circulate in the blood of mice orally administered GABA. Finally, we performed a microarray analysis of mRNA isolated from the hippocampus of mice that were orally administered GABA. The results revealed changes in the expression of genes related to brain function. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that oral administration of GABA affected the expression of genes related to memory function in the hippocampus.

Exogenous calcium chloride (CaCl2) promotes γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulation in fresh-cut pears

2021 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 111446
Author(s):  
Zongyu Chi ◽  
Yuqin Dai ◽  
Shifeng Cao ◽  
Yingying Wei ◽  
Xingfeng Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gaba Accumulation ◽  
Exogenous Calcium ◽  
Fresh Cut

scholarly journals The microRNA476a/RFL module regulates adventitious root formation through a mitochondria-dependent pathway in Populus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changzheng Xu ◽  
Yuanxun Tao ◽  
Xiaokang Fu ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Haitao Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat ◽  
Dynamic Regulation ◽  
Mitochondrial Regulation ◽  
Mitochondrial Homeostasis

AbstractAdventitious root (AR) formation at the base of stem cuttings determines the efficiency of clonal propagation for woody plants. Many endogenous and environmental factors influence AR formation. However, our knowledge about the regulation of AR development by mitochondrial metabolism in plants is very limited. Here we identified Populus-specific miR476a as a novel regulator of wound-induced adventitious rooting via orchestrating mitochondrial homeostasis in poplar. MiR476a exhibited inducible expression during AR formation and directly targets several Restorer of Fertility like (RFL) genes encoding mitochondrion-localized pentatricopeptide repeat proteins. Genetic modification of miR476-RFL expression revealed the miR476/RFL-mediated dynamic regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis on AR formation in transgenic poplar. Furthermore, mitochondrial perturbation via exogenous chemical inhibitor validated that the miR476a/RFL-directed AR formation depended on mitochondrial regulation though modulating the auxin pathway. Our results established a miRNA-directed mitochondrion-auxin signaling cascade required for AR development, providing novel insights into the understanding of mitochondrial regulation on plant developmental plasticity.

Humic substances affect Arabidopsis physiology by altering the expression of genes involved in primary metabolism, growth and development

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Trevisan ◽  
Alessandro Botton ◽  
Silvia Vaccaro ◽  
Alice Vezzaro ◽  
Silvia Quaggiotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Expression Of Genes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document