Initial Trophic versus Full Enteral Feeding in Patients with Acute Lung Injury

2018 ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Milad Sharifpour ◽  
Pedro Mendez-Tellez
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Critical Illness ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Gastrointestinal Intolerance ◽  
Study Intervention ◽  
Full Enteral Feeding

This chapter provides a summary of the landmark study known as the EDEN trial. In patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and without malnutrition does trophic enteral feeding during the first 6 days of critical illness increase ventilator-free days (VFDs) and decrease gastrointestinal intolerance compared with full enteral feeding? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter then briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.

scholarly journals Physical and Cognitive Performance of Patients with Acute Lung Injury 1 Year after Initial Trophic versus Full Enteral Feeding. EDEN Trial Follow-up

2013 ◽  
Vol 188 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale M. Needham ◽  
Victor D. Dinglas ◽  
Peter E. Morris ◽  
James C. Jackson ◽  
Catherine L. Hough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Full Enteral Feeding

scholarly journals One year outcomes in patients with acute lung injury randomised to initial trophic or full enteral feeding: prospective follow-up of EDEN randomised trial

BMJ ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 346 (mar19 3) ◽  
pp. f1532-f1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Needham ◽  
V. D. Dinglas ◽  
O. J. Bienvenu ◽  
E. Colantuoni ◽  
A. W. Wozniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
One Year ◽  
Full Enteral Feeding

Comparison of Two Fluid-Management Strategies in Acute Lung Injury

2018 ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Ross Gaudet ◽  
Rebecca Kalman
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Improve Lung Function ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Study Intervention ◽  
Two Fluid

This chapter provides a summary of the landmark study known as the FACTT Trial. Does a conservative versus liberal fluid-management protocol reduce death from any cause at 60 days in patients with acute lung injury? Starting with that question, the chapter describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case. Although conservative fluid management in patients with acute lung injury had a similar profile with respect to adverse events as did a liberal fluid management, the conservative fluid strategy did improve lung function and shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care length of stay.

Hydrocortisone Therapy for Patients with Septic Shock

2018 ◽  
pp. 301-306
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Horvath ◽  
Edward Bittner
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Vasopressor Therapy ◽  
Surviving Sepsis Campaign ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Study Intervention

This chapter provides a summary of the landmark study known as the CORTICUS trial. Among patients suffering from septic shock, does low dose hydrocortisone improve mortality? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, the population studies, number of patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case. The CORTICUS trial failed to demonstrate a benefit on mortality with steroid therapy among patients with septic shock. Based on CORTICUS and other studies, the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines no longer recommend steroids for all patients with septic shock. Corticosteroids should be considered, however, for patients with septic shock who do not respond to fluids and vasopressor therapy.

Comparison of 8 versus 15 Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Adults

2018 ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Laurie O. Mark ◽  
Jean Kwo
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Study Intervention ◽  
Landmark Study

This chapter provides a summary of the landmark study “Comparison of 8 versus 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a randomized trial.” In adult patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is treatment with an 8-day course of antimicrobials as effective as a 15-day course? Starting with that question, the chapter describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case. In ICU patients who develop microbiologically proven VAP, an 8-day antimicrobial course is not inferior to a 15-day course with respect to all-cause mortality or recurrence of pulmonary infection. However, these findings may not apply to patients who are immunocompromised, and shorter or longer duration of antibiotics may sometimes be indicated.

Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Human Activated Protein C for Severe Sepsis

2018 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Anna M. Ward ◽  
Richard M. Pino
Keyword(s):  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Prowess Trial ◽  
Study Intervention ◽  
Prowess Study

This chapter provides a summary of the landmark study known as the PROWESS Study. Does treatment with DAA reduce the rate of death from any cause among patients with severe sepsis? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case. The PROWESS trial demonstrated a mortality benefit for DAA among patients with severe sepsis. However, the subsequent ADDRESS, RESOLVE, and PROWESS-SHOCK trials did not demonstrate a benefit of the medication, thus calling the results of PROWESS into question.

Cognitive Therapy versus Medication in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Depression

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Barron ◽  
Robert Ostroff
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Study Intervention ◽  
Landmark Study

This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study on major depressive disorder. Is paroxetine or cognitive therapy more effective in treating patients with moderate to severe major depressive disorder? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.

Global Burden of Mental and Substance Use Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Yarnell ◽  
Ellen Edens
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Study Intervention ◽  
Landmark Study

This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in epidemiology. The Global Burden of Disease Study was a ground breaking venture in answering the question regarding the prevalence of various diseases. By analyzing this database, the current study was sought to determine the burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders. With this in mind, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, study location, who was studied, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.

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