Epstein–Barr virus

2020 ◽  
pp. 754-763
Author(s):  
Alan B. Rickinson ◽  
M.A. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Carrier State ◽  
Previous Exposure ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Epstein–Barr virus is a human herpesvirus with a linear double-stranded DNA genome that is carried asymptomatically by most people. Symptomless primary infection is usual in childhood, establishing a lifelong carrier state where the virus persists as a latent infection of circulating B cells. The virus replicates recurrently in oropharyngeal epithelial cells, with consequent shedding of virus in saliva transmitting infection. Controversially, Epstein–Barr virus has been linked with certain autoimmune diseases. In particular, there is strong serologic and epidemiologic evidence to suggest that previous exposure to Epstein–Barr virus markedly increases the risk of developing multiple sclerosis. Although the Epstein–Barr virus/multiple sclerosis connection is receiving much attention, the mechanism that might underpin such an association remains uncertain.

Epstein–Barr virus

2010 ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Epstein ◽  
A.B. Rickinson
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Carrier State ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus with a linear double-stranded DNA genome that is carried asymptomatically by most people. Symptomless primary infection is usual in childhood, establishing a lifelong carrier state where the virus persists as a latent infection of circulating B cells. The virus replicates recurrently in oropharyngeal epithelial cells, with consequent shedding of virus in saliva transmitting infection....

Study of the possible link of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with Epstein-Barr virus and human herpesvirus 6 in patients with multiple sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1446-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pérez-Pérez ◽  
M. I. Domínguez-Mozo ◽  
M. Á. García-Martínez ◽  
Y. Aladro ◽  
M. Martínez-Ginés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Human Herpesvirus 6 ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Herpesvirus 6 ◽  
Epstein Barr

scholarly journals Primary infection with the epstein-barr virus and risk of multiple sclerosis

2010 ◽  
pp. NA-NA ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn I. Levin ◽  
Kassandra L. Munger ◽  
Eilis J O'Reilly ◽  
Kerstin I Falk ◽  
Alberto Ascherio
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

scholarly journals Significant enrichment of Herpesvirus interactors in GWAS data suggests causal inferences for the association between Epstein Barr virus and multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosella Mechelli ◽  
Renato Umeton ◽  
Sundararajan Srinivasan ◽  
Arianna Fornasiero ◽  
Michela Ferraldeschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Mechanistic Explanation ◽  
Complex Disorders ◽  
Multifactorial Diseases ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Canonical Pathways ◽  
Significant Enrichment ◽  
Epstein Barr

SUMMARYWe exploited genetic information to assess the role of non-genetic factors in multifactorial diseases. To this aim we isolated candidate “interactomes” (i.e. groups of genes whose products are known to physically interact with environmental exposures and biological processes, plausibly relevant for disease pathogenesis) and analyzed nominal statistical evidence of association with genetic predisposition to multiple sclerosis (MS) and other inflammatory and non-inflammatory complex disorders. The interaction between genotype and Herpesviruses emerged as specific for MS, with Epstein Barr virus (EBV) showing higher levels of significance compared to Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) and, more evidently, to cytomegalovirus (CMV). In accord with this result, when we classified the MS-associated genes contained in the interactomes into canonical pathways, the analysis converged towards biological functions of B cells, in particular the CD40 pathway. When we analyzed peripheral blood transcriptomes in persons with MS, we found a significant dysregulation of MS-associated genes belonging to the EBV interactome in primary progressive MS. This study indicates that the interaction between herpesviruses and predisposing genetic background is of causal significance in MS, and provides a mechanistic explanation for the long-recognized association between EBV and this condition.

Herpes simplex and zoster

2011 ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Dr Mark Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Dna Virus ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

11.1 Herpes simplex, 193 11.2 Herpes zoster, 195 • Herpesviridae - enveloped double-stranded DNA virus. • There are 8 strains of human herpes virus, including: ▪ Herpes simplex ▪ Varicella zoster ▪ Cytomegalovirus ▪ Epstein-Barr virus • All have ability to enter a latent state following primary infection and be reactivated at a later time....

Asymptomatic primary Epstein-Barr virus infection occurs in the absence of blood T-cell repertoire perturbations despite high levels of systemic viral load

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 98 (13) ◽  
pp. 3739-3744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon L. Silins ◽  
Martina A. Sherritt ◽  
Jodie M. Silleri ◽  
Simone M. Cross ◽  
Suzanne L. Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Cell Repertoire ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Primary infection with the human herpesvirus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), may result in subclinical seroconversion or may appear as infectious mononucleosis (IM), a lymphoproliferative disease of variable severity. Why primary infection manifests differently between patients is unknown, and, given the difficulties in identifying donors undergoing silent seroconversion, little information has been reported. However, a longstanding assumption has been held that IM represents an exaggerated form of the virologic and immunologic events of asymptomatic infection. T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires of a unique cohort of subclinically infected patients undergoing silent infection were studied, and the results highlight a fundamental difference between the 2 forms of infection. In contrast to the massive T-cell expansions mobilized during the acute symptomatic phase of IM, asymptomatic donors largely maintain homeostatic T-cell control and peripheral blood repertoire diversity. This disparity cannot simply be linked to severity or spread of the infection because high levels of EBV DNA were found in the blood from both types of acute infection. The results suggest that large expansions of T cells within the blood during IM may not always be associated with the control of primary EBV infection and that they may represent an overreaction that exacerbates disease.

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