Paediatric pain control

2021 ◽  
pp. 506-522
Author(s):  
Renee McCulloch
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dying Children ◽  
Palliative Care Needs

Our understanding of pain management in children has grown significantly in the past few decades; however, we still find reluctance to acknowledge and treat pain in children. Many myths prevail which, coupled with poor understanding, can undermine the effective treatment of pain in children. Understandably, many healthcare professionals are apprehensive and fearful about working with very sick and dying children; perhaps there is a sense of failure for being unable to ‘cure’. However, as pain is one of the most common symptoms in this group of children, relieving pain and distress can be an extremely rewarding experience. This chapter outlines the background and principles of understanding, evaluating, and treating pain in children with palliative care needs. It offers a basic overview of current understanding and practice and hopes to support healthcare professionals working in this challenging discipline.

Paediatric pain control

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée McCulloch ◽  
John Collins
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dying Children ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
Palliative Care Needs

Our understanding regarding pain in children has grown significantly in the past few decades; however, we still find reluctance to acknowledge and treat pain in children. Many myths prevail, and coupled with poor understanding, can undermine the effective treatment of pain in children. Understandably many health-care professionals are apprehensive and fearful about working with very sick and dying children; perhaps there is a sense of failure for being unable to ‘cure’. However, as pain is one of the most common symptoms in this group of children, relieving pain and distress can be an extremely rewarding experience. This chapter outlines the background and principles of understanding, evaluating, and treating pain in children with palliative care needs. It offers an overview of current evidence and hopes to support health-care professionals working in this challenging discipline.

scholarly journals What makes palliative care needs “complex”? A multisite sequential explanatory mixed methods study of patients referred for specialist palliative care

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Finucane ◽  
Connie Swenson ◽  
John I. MacArtney ◽  
Rachel Perry ◽  
Hazel Lamberton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Specialist Palliative Care ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Sequential Explanatory ◽  
Palliative Care Needs

Abstract Background Specialist palliative care (SPC) providers tend to use the term ‘complex’ to refer to the needs of patients who require SPC. However, little is known about complex needs on first referral to a SPC service. We examined which needs are present and sought the perspectives of healthcare professionals on the complexity of need on referral to a hospice service. Methods Multi-site sequential explanatory mixed method study consisting of a case-note review and focus groups with healthcare professionals in four UK hospices. Results Documentation relating to 239 new patient referrals to hospice was reviewed; and focus groups involving 22 healthcare professionals conducted. Most patients had two or more needs documented on referral (96%); and needs were recorded across two or more domains for 62%. Physical needs were recorded for 91% of patients; psychological needs were recorded for 59%. Spiritual needs were rarely documented. Referral forms were considered limited for capturing complex needs. Referrals were perceived to be influenced by the experience and confidence of the referrer and the local resource available to meet palliative care needs directly. Conclusions Complexity was hard to detail or to objectively define on referral documentation alone. It appeared to be a term used to describe patients whom primary or secondary care providers felt needed SPC knowledge or support to meet their needs. Hospices need to provide greater clarity regarding who should be referred, when and for what purpose. Education and training in palliative care for primary care nurses and doctors and hospital clinicians could reduce the need for referral and help ensure that hospices are available to those most in need of SPC input.

scholarly journals Needs of patient with advanced stages of cancer in a Thai community

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 342-351
Author(s):  
Panita Krongyuth ◽  
Pimpan Silpasuwan ◽  
Chukiat Viwatwongkasem ◽  
Cathy Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Palliative Care Needs ◽  
At Home

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the needs of people with cancer in advanced stages and to analyze factors that influence them. Design/methodology/approach A concurrent mixed-method design was used. Descriptive design was conducted in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand. Data were collected from a convenience sample of patients with advanced cancer of any tissue or organ. Questionnaires were completed by 110 patients aged 60 years and above (response rate 110/130=84.6 percent). In-depth interviews were conducted with a total of eight patients. Content analysis of semi-structured interviews of a sub-sample was subsequently performed to better understand the real needs of patients with advanced stages of cancer at home setting. Findings The majority (77.5 percent) reported a preference to spend their final days at home. The four most common palliative care needs were more information about disease and medical treatment (98.2 percent), more treatment for pain (97.3 percent), health education for family caregivers (95.5 percent) and health volunteers visit at home (95.5 percent). Content analysis of the qualitative data suggested that patient needs health care providers to deliver open communication, pain management and provide psychosocial supports. Originality/value The result showed that patients-related variables are associated with the palliative care needs in patients with advanced stages of cancer. Communication skills and pain management are the key components to support the need for palliative care at home and to benefit the quality of life in terminally ill patients.

scholarly journals Tools to help healthcare professionals recognize palliative care needs in patients with advanced heart failure: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. 026921632096394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie MC Ament ◽  
Inge ME Couwenberg ◽  
Josiane JJ Boyne ◽  
Jos Kleijnen ◽  
Henri EJH Stoffers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Process Guidance ◽  
Palliative Care Needs

Background: The delivery of palliative care interventions is not widely integrated in chronic heart failure care as the recognition of palliative care needs is perceived as difficult. Tools may facilitate healthcare professionals to identify patients with palliative care needs in advanced chronic heart failure. Aim: To identify tools to help healthcare professionals recognize palliative care needs in patients with advanced chronic heart failure. Design: This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42019131896). Evidence of tools’ development, evaluation, feasibility, and implementation was sought and described. Data sources: Electronic searches to identify references of tools published until June 2019 were conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE. Hand-searching of references and citations was undertaken. Based on the identified tools, a second electronic search until September 2019 was performed to check whether all evidence about these tools in the context of chronic heart failure was included. Results: Nineteen studies described a total of seven tools. The tools varied in purpose, intended user and properties. The tools have been validated to a limited extent in the context of chronic heart failure and palliative care. Different health care professionals applied the tools in various settings at different moments of the care process. Guidance and instruction about how to apply the tool revealed to be relevant but may be not enough for uptake. Spiritual care needs were perceived as difficult to assess. Conclusion: Seven tools were identified which showed different and limited levels of validity in the context of palliative care and chronic heart failure.

The integrated palliative care outcome scale for patients with palliative care needs: Factors related to and experiences of the use in acute care settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Lind ◽  
Lars Wallin ◽  
Carl Johan Fürst ◽  
Ingela Beck
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Palliative Care Outcome Scale ◽  
Acute Care Settings ◽  
Palliative Care Needs ◽  
Care Outcome

AbstractObjectiveImplementation of patient-reported outcome measures for patients with palliative care needs is characterized by both enablers and barriers. The ways in which healthcare professionals experience the use of assessment tools is important. Our aims were to explore factors contributing to or hindering patients with palliative care needs in assessing their symptoms with the Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale (IPOS) and to explore healthcare professionals’ experiences of the use of IPOS in acute care settings.MethodData were collected as a part of the evaluation of the feasibility of an implementation strategy for introducing IPOS. Data from three participating acute care units were included. We used descriptive and analytical statistics; a qualitative content analysis was also performed.ResultA total of 309 patients were eligible to be offered assessment of symptoms with IPOS. Of these 69 (22%) had completed IPOS. A significant positive association was found between healthcare professionals’ participation in training sessions and completed IPOS. The experiences of IPOS were split into two categories: “IPOS acting as a facilitator” and “barriers to the use of IPOS.” The use of IPOS was described as contributing to person-centered care of patients with palliative care needs and inspiration to improved routines. Healthcare professionals’ feelings of uncertainty about how to approach severely ill patients and their family members appear to have hindered their use of IPOS.Significance of resultsWe found an association between healthcare professionals’ participation in training sessions and patients who completed IPOS, indicating the need for a high degree of attendance at the training to achieve successful implementation. The healthcare professionals expressed feelings of insecurity concerning the use of IPOS indicating a need for further education and clinical support in its use of IPOS. Nevertheless, use of IPOS was considered to contribute to improved care of patients with palliative care needs.

scholarly journals What Makes Palliative Care Needs “Complex”?: A Multisite Sequential Explanatory Mixed Methods Study of Patients Referred to Specialist Palliative Care

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Finucane ◽  
Connie Swenson ◽  
John I MacArtney ◽  
Rachel Perry ◽  
Hazel Lamberton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Specialist Palliative Care ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Sequential Explanatory ◽  
Palliative Care Needs

Abstract Background: Specialist palliative care (SPC) providers tend to use the term ‘complex need’ to refer to the needs of patients who require SPC. However, little is known about “complex needs” on first referral to a SPC service. We examined which needs are present and sought the perspectives of healthcare professionals on the complexity of need on first referral to a hospice service. Methods: Multi-site sequential explanatory mixed method study consisting of a case-note review and focus groups with healthcare professionals in four UK hospices. Results: Documentation relating to 239 new patient referrals to hospice was reviewed; and focus groups involving 22 healthcare professionals conducted. Most patients had two or more needs documented on referral (96%); and needs were recorded across two or more domains for 62%. Physical needs were recorded for 91% of patients; psychological needs were recorded for 59%. Spiritual needs were rarely documented. Referral forms were considered limited for capturing complex needs. Referrals were perceived as influenced by the experience and confidence of the referrer and the local resource available to meet palliative care needs directly.Conclusions: Complexity was hard to detail or to objectively define on referral documentation alone. It appeared to be a term used to describe patients whom primary or secondary care providers felt needed specialist palliative care knowledge or support to meet their needs. Education and training in palliative care for primary care nurses and doctors and hospital clinicians could reduce the need for referral and help ensure that hospices are available to those most in need of specialist palliative care input.

scholarly journals What to consider when implementing a tool for timely recognition of palliative care needs in heart failure: a context-based qualitative study

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. C. Ament ◽  
Lisette M. van den Broek ◽  
Marieke H. J. van den Beuken-van Everdingen ◽  
Josiane J. J. Boyne ◽  
José M. C. Maessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Palliative Care Needs

Abstract Background Needs assessment tools can facilitate healthcare professionals in timely recognition of palliative care needs. Despite the increased attention for implementation of such tools, most studies provide little or no attention to the context of implementation. The aim of this study was to explore factors that contribute positively and negatively to timely screening of palliative care needs in advanced chronic heart failure. Methods Qualitative study using individual interviews and focus groups with healthcare professionals. The data were analysed using a deductive approach. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to conceptualise the contextual factors. Results Twenty nine healthcare professionals with different backgrounds and working in heart failure care in the Southern and Eastern parts of the Netherlands participated. Several factors were perceived to play a role, such as perception and knowledge about palliative care, awareness of palliative care needs in advanced chronic heart failure, perceived difficulty when and how to start palliative care, limited acceptance to treatment boundaries in cardiology, limited communication and collaboration between healthcare professionals, and need for education and increased attention for palliative care in advanced chronic heart failure guidelines. Conclusions This study clarified critical factors targeting patients, healthcare professionals, organisations to implement a needs assessment tool for timely recognition of palliative care needs in the context of advanced chronic heart failure. A multifaceted implementation strategy is needed which has attention for education, patient empowerment, interdisciplinary collaboration, identification of local champions, chronic heart failure specific guidelines and culture.

scholarly journals RADPAC-PD: A tool to support healthcare professionals in timely identifying palliative care needs of people with Parkinson’s disease

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0230611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herma Lennaerts-Kats ◽  
Jenny T. van der Steen ◽  
Zefanja Vijftigschild ◽  
Maxime Steppe ◽  
Marjan J. Meinders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Palliative Care Needs

scholarly journals Characteristics for a tool for timely identification of palliative needs in heart failure: The views of Dutch patients, their families and healthcare professionals

2020 ◽  
pp. 147451512091896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy JA Janssen ◽  
Stephanie MC Ament ◽  
Josiane Boyne ◽  
Jos MGA Schols ◽  
Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Palliative Care Needs

Background Palliative care can improve outcomes for patients with advanced chronic heart failure and their families, but timely recognition of palliative care needs remains challenging. Aim The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of a tool to assess palliative care needs in chronic heart failure that are needed for successful implementation, according to patients, their family and healthcare professionals in The Netherlands. Methods Explorative qualitative study, part of the project ‘Identification of patients with HeARt failure with PC needs’ (I-HARP), focus groups and individual interviews were held with healthcare professionals, patients with chronic heart failure, and family members. Data were analysed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Results A total of 13 patients, 10 family members and 26 healthcare professionals participated. Direct-content analysis revealed desired tool characteristics for successful implementation in four constructs: relative advantage, adaptability, complexity, and design quality and packaging. Healthcare professionals indicated that a tool should increase awareness, understanding and knowledge concerning palliative care needs. A tool needs to: be adaptable to different disease stages, facilitate early identification of palliative care needs and ease open conversations about palliative care. The complexity of chronic heart failure should be considered in a personalized approach. Conclusions The current study revealed the characteristics of a tool for timely identification of palliative care needs in chronic heart failure needed for successful implementation. The next steps will be to define the content of the tool, followed by development of a preliminary version and iterative testing of this version by the different stakeholders.

scholarly journals Palliative care in the emergency department as seen by providers and users: a qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Di Leo ◽  
Sara Alquati ◽  
Cristina Autelitano ◽  
Massimo Costantini ◽  
Gianfranco Martucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Quality Improvement Program ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Palliative Care Needs

Abstract Background Much effort has been made to explore how patients with advanced chronic illness and their families experience care when they attend the Emergency Department, and many studies have investigated how healthcare professionals perceive Palliative Care provision in the Emergency Department. Various models exist, but nonetheless incorporating palliative care into the Emergency Department remains challenging. Considering both healthcare professionals’ and users’ perspective on problems encountered in delivering and receiving appropriate palliative care within this context may provide important insight into meaningful targets for improvements in quality of care. Accordingly, this study aims at exploring issues in delivering palliative care in the Emergency Department from the perspective of both providers and users, as part of a larger project on the development and implementation of a quality improvement program in Italian Emergency Departments. Methods A qualitative study involving focus group interviews with Emergency Department professionals and semi-structured interviews with patients with palliative care needs in the Emergency Department and their relatives was conducted. Both datasets were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Results Twenty-one healthcare professionals, 6 patients and 5 relatives participated in this study. Five themes were identified: 1) shared priorities in Emergency Department among healthcare professionals and patients, 2) the information provided by healthcare professionals and that desired by relatives, 3) perception of environment and time, 4) limitations and barriers to the continuity of care, and 5) the contrasting interpretations of giving and receiving palliative care. Conclusions This study provides insights into targets for changes in Italian Emergency Departments. Room for improvement relates to training for healthcare professionals on palliative care, the development of a shared care pathway for patients with palliative care needs, and the optimization of Emergency Department environment. These targets will be the basis for the development of a quality improvement program in Italian Emergency Departments.

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