Translational Perspectives on Anxiety Disorders and the Research Domain Criteria Construct of Potential Threat

2015 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Isabelle M. Rosso ◽  
Daniel G. Dillon ◽  
Diego A. Pizzagalli ◽  
Scott L. Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Research Domain

scholarly journals Risk Orientation Scale: A new clinically relevant measure of risk aversion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary P. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Orientation Scale ◽  
Measures Of Risk ◽  
Research Domain

Aversion to risk is a prominent factor in transdiagnostic theories of emotional problems, and it is included as an element in the research domain criteria. There is a plethora of risk scales across different domains, but most of these have notable shortcomings or are not suited for use in mental health research. The present study describes the development of the Risk Orientation Scale. Content was drawn from previous risk scales and separate classifications of risk. The factor structure of the ROS was derived in a clinically relevant sample and confirmed in two other independent non-clinical samples. The final 15-item ROS was found to have an adequate three-factor structure across clinical, general population and undergraduate student samples. Total and subscale scores covaried in the predicted direction with measures of risk taking behavior, underlying orientation towards reward and punishment, and clinical anxiety-relevant measures that have been theoretically linked to risk. The findings on the ROS thus support the idea that aversion to risk is a process that underlies anxiety disorders. The ROS can provide a brief and valid measure of this in both clinical and non-clinical populations. As it provides risk orientation towards specific domains, it can potentially aid in guiding clinicians in targeting important underlying mechanism in the treatment of anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals The research domain criteria framework in drug discovery for neuropsychiatric diseases: focus on negative valence

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 239821281880403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet R. Nicholson ◽  
Bernd Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
Observable Behaviour ◽  
Quantitative Understanding ◽  
Research Domain

Drug discovery, particularly in the field of central nervous system, has had very limited success in the last few decades. A likely contributor is the poor translation between preclinical and clinical phases. The Research Domain Criteria of the National Institutes of Mental Health is a framework which aims to identify new ways of classifying mental illnesses that are based on observable behaviour and neurobiological measures, and to provide a guiding and evolving framework to improve the translation from preclinical to clinical research. At the core of the Research Domain Criteria approach is the assumption that the dimensional constructs described can be assessed across different units of analysis, thus enabling a more precise quantitative understanding of their neurobiological underpinnings, increasing the likelihood of identifying new and effective therapeutic approaches. In the present review, we discuss how the Research Domain Criteria can be applied to drug discovery with the domain Negative Valence, construct Potential Threat (‘Anxiety’) as an example. We will discuss the evidence supporting the utility of the Research Domain Criteria approach and evaluate how close we are to achieving a common thread of translational research from gene to self-report.

Challenges of Fear Conditioning Research in the Age of RDoC

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina B. Lonsdorf ◽  
Jan Richter
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Future ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Research Domain

Abstract. As the criticism of the definition of the phenotype (i.e., clinical diagnosis) represents the major focus of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative, it is somewhat surprising that discussions have not yet focused more on specific conceptual and procedural considerations of the suggested RDoC constructs, sub-constructs, and associated paradigms. We argue that we need more precise thinking as well as a conceptual and methodological discussion of RDoC domains and constructs, their interrelationships as well as their experimental operationalization and nomenclature. The present work is intended to start such a debate using fear conditioning as an example. Thereby, we aim to provide thought-provoking impulses on the role of fear conditioning in the age of RDoC as well as conceptual and methodological considerations and suggestions to guide RDoC-based fear conditioning research in the future.

The Psychophysiology of Anxiety and Mood Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Lang ◽  
Lisa M. McTeague ◽  
Margaret M. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Physiological Reactivity ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Psychophysiological Reactivity ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
New Research ◽  
Research Domain

Abstract. Several decades of research are reviewed, assessing patterns of psychophysiological reactivity in anxiety patients responding to a fear/threat imagery challenge. Findings show substantive differences in these measures within principal diagnostic categories, questioning the reliability and categorical specificity of current diagnostic systems. Following a new research framework (US National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], Research Domain Criteria [RDoC]; Cuthbert & Insel, 2013 ), dimensional patterns of physiological reactivity are explored in a large sample of anxiety and mood disorder patients. Patients’ responses (e.g., startle reflex, heart rate) during fear/threat imagery varied significantly with higher questionnaire measured “negative affect,” stress history, and overall life dysfunction – bio-marking disorder groups, independent of Diagnostic and Statistical Manuals (DSM). The review concludes with a description of new research, currently underway, exploring brain function indices (structure activation, circuit connectivity) as potential biological classifiers (collectively with the reflex physiology) of anxiety and mood pathology.

Trauma and mood disorders: comorbidity with post-traumatic stress disorder or overlapping symptoms?

2016 ◽  
Vol Ano 6 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Andrea Feijó Mello ◽  
Euthymia B. Almeida Prado
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Research Domain

O presente artigo discorre sobre a comorbidade entre transtorno bipolar (TB) e transtorno de estresse póstraumático (TEPT) e questiona sobre certos casos serem melhor avaliados à luz das novas teorias do Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), principalmente aqueles quadros de TEPT com sintomas disfóricos que podem ser classificados como TB, apesar de não preencherem critérios para tal. Nesse caso, questiona-se a comorbidade e propõe-se um aprofundamento da fisiopatologia dessa sintomatologia que está sobreposta. Clinicamente, esse olhar poderá facilitar o manejo farmacológico de pacientes graves com histórico de trauma.

Positive Mood States and Gambling Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 366-379
Author(s):  
Sarah W. Yip ◽  
Zu Wei Zhai ◽  
Iris M. Balodis ◽  
Marc N. Potenza
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Control ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Approach Motivation ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Monetary Rewards ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Positive Valence ◽  
Research Domain

Gambling problems are experienced by about 1% of the adult population, with higher estimates reported in adolescents. Both positive and negative motivations for gambling exist and may contribute to gambling problems. Positive valence disturbances involving how people process rewards, including monetary rewards relevant to gambling, have been reported in gambling disorder and have been associated with the disorder and clinically relevant measures relating to impaired impulse control. Positive valence systems as they relate to gambling disorder and clinically relevant features thereof are considered in this chapter. Findings from neuroimaging data related to the positive valence system constructs of approach motivation, initial and sustained/longer term responsiveness to reward, habit and reward learning are reviewed. Possible interactions between positive valence systems and other Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) systems are also discussed within the context of gambling disorder, as is how the application of an RDoC framework can be used to further understanding of gambling disorder.

scholarly journals Towards a contemporary approach for understanding personality pathology in developmental context: An integrative model

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Melody R. Altschuler ◽  
Robert F. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Developmental Context ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Developmental Theories ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Research Domain

Abstract Traditional categorical approaches to classifying personality disorders are limited in important ways, leading to a shift in the field to dimensional approaches to conceptualizing personality pathology. Different areas of psychology – personality, developmental, and psychopathology – can be leveraged to understand personality pathology by examining its structure, development, and underlying mechanisms. However, an integrative model that encompasses these distinct lines of inquiry has not yet been proposed. In order to address this gap, we review the latest evidence for dimensional classification of personality disorders based on structural models of maladaptive personality traits, provide an overview of developmental theories of pathological personality, and summarize the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative, which seeks to understand underlying mechanisms of psychopathology. We conclude by proposing an integrative model of personality pathology development that aims to elucidate the developmental pathways of personality pathology and its underlying mechanisms.

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