Chyloptysis

2010 ◽  
pp. 826-843
Author(s):  
Edward C. Rosenow
Keyword(s):  
Acute Onset ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Productive Cough ◽  
Precipitating Factors

• 73-year-old woman • Nonsmoker • 5 episodes in 2 years of acute-onset dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, productive cough of peculiar-tasting sputum • Knew of no precipitating factors • Low-grade fever • Bibasilar crackles • CXR ∘ Migratory with different events that lasted 2 to 6 days...

scholarly journals Low-grade Glial Tumor with Features of Astroblastoma in a Dog

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Cowart ◽  
F. Y. Schulman ◽  
H. Mena
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Glial Tumor ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Limb Ataxia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eosinophilic Inclusions ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Cytoplasmic Processes

A 12-year-old, neutered, male Belgian Malinois/Great Dane cross dog presented with a 5-month history of weakness and lack of endurance followed by acute onset of rear limb ataxia. At autopsy, a 9 x 16 mm, multilobular, firm, white to tan, expansile mass was found in the cerebellum. Mild dilatation of the lateral ventricles was also noted. Histologically, there was a well-demarcated glial neoplasm composed of medium-sized astrocytic elements that had homogeneous cytoplasm, sometimes with globular eosinophilic inclusions, irregular peripherally located nuclei with a single nucleolus, and short cytoplasmic processes. Prominent peri-vascular pseudorosettes with cellular processes in contact with blood vessels were present. Some blood vessels exhibited hyalinized walls. Mitotic figures were not observed. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin. These features are consistent with an astroblastoma. This is the first clinicopathologic correlation and detailed description of a low-grade glial tumor with features of astroblastoma in a dog.

scholarly journals Skull Base Chondrosarcoma Presenting with Hemorrhage

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Gallia ◽  
Zev A. Binder ◽  
Jacob Schwarz ◽  
John L. Moriarity ◽  
Jon D. Weingart
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Proton Beam Radiotherapy ◽  
Suprasellar Region ◽  
Third Cranial Nerve Palsy ◽  
The Right

A 34-year-old white man with a six month history of a feeling of déjà vu presented with an acute onset of headache and blurred vision associated with nausea and vomiting. Neurological examination was significant for a right third cranial nerve palsy. Computerized tomography (CT) demonstrated a 2.0 cm rim calcified right paracavernous mass with intratumoral hemorrhage and an adjacent 2.6 cm by 2.0 cm right temporal lobe hematoma. Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was present in both lateral ventricles, right more than left (Figure 1). Diagnostic cerebral angiography demonstrated no evidence of aneurysm. Brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a 2 cm mass in the right paracavernous region extending into the suprasellar region with heterogeneous signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images and heterogeneous enhancement after gadolinium administration. Adjacent to the lesion was a right temporal lobe hematoma; intraventricular hemorrhage was also observed in the right lateral ventricle (Figure 2). The patient underwent a right pterional craniotomy for gross total resection of the tumour. Histopathological examination of the tumour demonstrated a low grade hyaline chondrosarcoma. The patient subsequently underwent proton beam radiotherapy and is currently 82 months out from surgery with no evidence of recurrence.

scholarly journals Arteriovenous malformation with associated multiple flow-related distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms: A case report with poor outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Ummey Hani ◽  
Muhammad Ehsan Bari ◽  
Syed Sarmad Bukhari
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery

Background: Low-grade arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) associated with multiple flow-related distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms are rare occurrences. Here, we present a case of a frontal AVM with three associated DACA aneurysms arising from a single feeder. Case Description: A 36-year-old male presented to us in the ER with acute-onset dysphasia and altered mental status. Head computed tomography and angiogram showed a spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage with intraventricular extension and revealed a Spetzler Martin Grade II AVM, being fed by two feeders, with the major feeder from the DACA bearing three flow-related aneurysms. As the patient awaited digital subtraction angiography, his Glasgow Coma Scale dropped and he underwent emergency embolization with Onyx. This was followed by external ventricular drainage. The patient’s neurological status did not improve, and he died following a complicated clinical course. Conclusion: Multiple DACA aneurysms are a case of both clinical and anatomical rarity and to avoid complications in the clinical course, one must be judicious about the time spent between symptom onset and embolization.

scholarly journals Functional motor phenotypes: to lump or to split?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Tinazzi ◽  
Christian Geroin ◽  
Enrico Marcuzzo ◽  
Sofia Cuoco ◽  
Roberto Ceravolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Gait Disorders ◽  
Motor Disorders ◽  
Definite Diagnosis ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Functional Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Pathophysiologic Mechanisms

Abstract Introduction Functional motor disorders (FMDs) are usually categorized according to the predominant phenomenology; however, it is unclear whether this phenotypic classification mirrors the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. Objective To compare the characteristics of patients with different FMDs phenotypes and without co-morbid neurological disorders, aiming to answer the question of whether they represent different expressions of the same disorder or reflect distinct entities. Methods Consecutive outpatients with a clinically definite diagnosis of FMDs were included in the Italian registry of functional motor disorders (IRFMD), a multicenter data collection platform gathering several clinical and demographic variables. To the aim of the current work, data of patients with isolated FMDs were extracted. Results A total of 176 patients were included: 58 with weakness, 40 with tremor, 38 with dystonia, 23 with jerks/facial FMDs, and 17 with gait disorders. Patients with tremor and gait disorders were older than the others. Patients with functional weakness had more commonly an acute onset (87.9%) than patients with tremor and gait disorders, a shorter time lag from symptoms onset and FMDs diagnosis (2.9 ± 3.5 years) than patients with dystonia, and had more frequently associated functional sensory symptoms (51.7%) than patients with tremor, dystonia and gait disorders. Patients with dystonia complained more often of associated pain (47.4%) than patients with tremor. No other differences were noted between groups in terms of other variables including associated functional neurological symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities, and predisposing or precipitating factors. Conclusions Our data support the evidence of a large overlap between FMD phenotypes.

scholarly journals Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: an unusual presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1205
Author(s):  
Shivali Sandal ◽  
Surender Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Productive Cough ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigates ◽  
Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Pleural Involvement

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a complex immunologic pulmonary disorder caused by hypersensitivity to fungus, Aspergillus fumigates. It clinically manifests with non-specific respiratory and systemic symptoms. ABPA is typically seen in patients with long-standing asthma or cystic fibrosis. Pleural involvement in ABPA is uncommon and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is very rare. Herein, we report a case of 33 years old male patient presented with dyspnoea, low grade fever and productive cough. High Resolution Computed tomography (HRCT) scan of thorax was suggestive of ABPA with secondary pneumothorax. 

scholarly journals Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma associated with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis by a possible paraneoplastic process

Rare Tumors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 203636132097701
Author(s):  
Adem Aktas ◽  
Daniel Probst ◽  
Brian Van Tine ◽  
Kathryn Marlow
Keyword(s):  
Paraneoplastic Syndrome ◽  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Vascular Neoplasm ◽  
Demyelinating Disorder ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Work Up

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a low-grade, malignant vascular neoplasm that frequently involves the liver, lungs, bone, and soft tissue. Although not commonly associated with a paraneoplastic syndrome, paraneoplastic syndromes in the setting of EHE have been reported. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an acute, autoimmune, demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system that most commonly occurs after an infection or vaccination. We present the case of a 23 year old female who developed the acute onset of fevers, tremors, right sided hemiplegia, global aphasia, and incontinence of urine and stool. MRI demonstrated findings consistent with a demyelinating disorder and brain biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of ADEM. The patient’s work up revealed multiple liver lesions which were biopsy proven EHE. This case report discusses the diagnosis and treatment of two concurrent rare disease processes and the possible association of the processes via a paraneoplastic syndrome.

scholarly journals Fibrous Dysplasia of the Skull Base Presenting Acutely in an Adult

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Amoozegar ◽  
A. Guberman
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Third Nerve Palsy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acute Headache ◽  
Eye Closure ◽  
Time Of Presentation

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) of the bone is an idiopathic disorder in which bone-forming mesenchyme develops abnormally. Here, we describe an unusual case in an adult, with recurrent acute headache and third nerve palsy due to FD of the skull base and low-grade fibrosarcoma.A previously healthy 32-year-old female office clerk, presented with an eight day history of acute-onset, severe, right occipital and retro-orbital continuous headache, associated with nausea and vomiting. She had required dimenhydrinate, acetaminophen with 15 mg codeine, and meperidine with only mild relief of the headache. She also described a 5-day history of right eye ptosis which had progressed to eye closure by the time of presentation. She had otherwise been well, with no systemic or constitutional symptoms and no previous history of headaches.

scholarly journals Acquired Monocular Nystagmus as the Initial Presenting Sign of a Chiasmal Glioma

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois Dominique Jacob ◽  
Vijay Ramaswamy ◽  
Helly R. Goez
Keyword(s):  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Optic Chiasm ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
World Health ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Pituitary Fossa ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
History Of ◽  
Funduscopic Examination

A 15-month-old male presented with a one-day history of acute onset, continuous oscillating movement of his right eye. He had received his one-year immunizations four days prior and had a four-day history of a febrile viral respiratory tract infection. Pregnancy was unremarkable. He had severe iron deficiency anemia (MCV 66, Hb 65) and was developmentally delayed, as he was unable to stand independently and was non-verbal. His head circumference was 49 cm (95th percentile) and his weight was at the 25th percentile. On physical examination, continuous horizontal large amplitude pendular nystagmus of the right eye at a frequency of 3-4 Hz was observed. No nystagmus was observed in the left eye, even on funduscopic examination. The child could fixate targets in all four quadrants with both eyes independently, and could fixate and track small objects with both eyes independently suggesting no significant visual field defect or visual loss. Dilated funduscopic examination was normal, extra ocular movements were full, pupils were equal and reactive and there was no relative afferent pupillary defect. The remainder of the neurological examination was normal. There was no head bobbing or anomalous head position and no stigmata of neurofibromatosis type 1. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain (Figure) demonstrated a 2 cm x 1.6 cm x 1.2 cm suprasellar enhancing mass involving the optic chiasm, hypothalamus, mamillary bodies and superior pituitary stalk. There was no extension into the pituitary fossa or the optic nerves and no ventricular enlargement. A biopsy of the mass was obtained and revealed histology consistent with a low-grade pilocystic astrocytoma (World Health Organization (WHO) grade 1), consistent with a diagnosis of chiasmal glioma.

Direct Observation of Crystalline Ordering In Naturally Graphitized Carbon Produced by Low Grade Metamorphism

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
Thomas R. McKee ◽  
Peter R. Buseck
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphitized Carbon ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Commercial Carbon ◽  
Metamorphic Zone

Sediments commonly contain organic material which appears as refractory carbonaceous material in metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. Grew and others have shown that relative carbon content, crystallite size, X-ray crystallinity and development of well-ordered graphite crystal structure of the carbonaceous material increases with increasing metamorphic grade. The graphitization process is irreversible and appears to be continous from the amorphous to the completely graphitized stage. The most dramatic chemical and crystallographic changes take place within the chlorite metamorphic zone.The detailed X-ray investigation of crystallite size and crystalline ordering is complex and can best be investigated by other means such as high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The natural graphitization series is similar to that for heat-treated commercial carbon blacks, which have been successfully studied by HRTEM (Ban and others).

Scanning Electron Microscope Study of Bacteria on Mineral Surfaces

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 130-131
Author(s):  
V.K. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Metal Sulfides ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mineral Surfaces ◽  
Mineral Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Study

There are two strains of bacteria viz. Thiobacillus thiooxidansand Thiobacillus ferrooxidanswidely mentioned to play an important role in the leaching process of low-grade ores. Another strain used in this study is a thermophile and is designated Caldariella .These microorganisms are acidophilic chemosynthetic aerobic autotrophs and are capable of oxidizing many metal sulfides and elemental sulfur to sulfates and Fe2+ to Fe3+. The necessity of physical contact or attachment by bacteria to mineral surfaces during oxidation reaction has not been fairly established so far. Temple and Koehler reported that during oxidation of marcasite T. thiooxidanswere found concentrated on mineral surface. Schaeffer, et al. demonstrated that physical contact or attachment is essential for oxidation of sulfur.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document