Pulmonary Function Tests

2011 ◽  
pp. 108-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Munis
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Respiratory Parameters

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) sort out the ability of the lungs to ventilate and oxygenate. Perhaps the most useful PFT measures arterial blood gas (ABG). Once we've established that the ABG is normal, it doesn't much matter whether pulmonary function is provided by a machine or is natural, nor do specific respiratory parameters (eg, tidal volume, respiratory rate, flow rate) matter as much as the end result of pulmonary function—the ABGs. The next type of PFT is spirometry, is the measurement of inhaled and exhaled lung gas. The next PFT is the flow-volume loop. Before looking at how the loop changes with pathologic conditions, you should be familiar with the axes of the graph. Note that the horizontal axis is inverted, with high volumes closer to the origin and low volumes further from the origin. Finally, the test measuring diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) rounds out the list of commonly used PFTs.

Pulmonary Function Testing in Pediatric Practice

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 403-411
Author(s):  
Gary A. Mueller ◽  
Howard Eigen
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Pulmonary Function Testing ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Function Testing

Pulmonary function testing is an important tool in the evaluation of children who have or are suspected of having lung disease. Of particular importance, pulmonary function testing provides objective and reproducible measurements, which then can be used to follow the response to therapy. The measurements of air flow and lung volumes are the mechanical pulmonary function tests used most commonly. However, measurements of the efficiency of gas exchange also are considered a test of pulmonary function and can be assessed by such methods as arterial blood gas and oximetry. This article focuses on those tests readily available to the pediatrician in the office or hospital. Measuring pulmonary function regularly is analogous to measuring blood pressure in patients who have hypertension, allowing the physician to follow a measurement directly associated with the pulmonary disease process. As with other clinical tests, pulmonary function measurements are most effective when used to answer a specific question about the patient. For example, in a child who presents having a persistent cough and a family history of asthma, the diagnosis may be asthma, and the question "Does the child have airflow obstruction consistent with asthma?" can be answered by spirometry. Spirometry The parameters commonly measured in the assessment of respiratory function are lung volumes, air flows and timed volumes, and airway reactivity.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Function Studies in Friedreich's Ataxia

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Bureau ◽  
P. Ngassam ◽  
B. Lemieux ◽  
A. Trias
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Friedreich’S Ataxia ◽  
Friedreich's Ataxia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Function Tests

SUMMARY:Pulmonary function tests were carried out on 20 patients with Friedreich's ataxia. The lung volume, diffusing capacity, flow rate, flowvolume curve, and blood gases were measured. In each patient the degree of scoliosis was measured and the pulmonary function tests were analyzed in relation to the scoliosis. A control group of 13 subjects with idiopathic scoliosis was used for comparison. In both groups, the degree of scoliosis was similar.

Acute and Long-Term Effects of Polyvinylchloride (PVC) Smoke on the Respiratory System of the Baboon and a Comparison with the Effects of Hydrogen Chloride (HCl

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 485-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold L. Kaplan ◽  
Walter G. Switzer ◽  
Robert K. Hinderer ◽  
Antonio Anzueto
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Minute Volume ◽  
Papio Cynocephalus ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood

The acute and long-term effects of smoke produced by flaming and nonflaming combustion of PVC were investigated in the baboon and com pared with those produced by HCl. Four groups of three anesthetized adult male baboons ( Papio cynocephalus) were exposed for 15 minutes to air (con trols), flaming or nonflaming PVC smoke containing a targeted 5000 ppm con centration of HCl, or to HCl at a targeted concentration of 5000 ppm. The ani mals responded to flaming or nonflaming PVC smoke with an increase in frequency and minute volume, accompanied by decreased arterial pH and PaO2 and increased PaCO2 values. Although pulmonary function tests, CO2 chal lenge tests, or arterial blood gas measurements in PVC smoke-exposed animals showed sporadic differences from controls at 90, 180, or 360 days postexposure, the results did not indicate the development of impaired pulmonary function. These results were consistent with the absence of exposure-related respiratory tract pathology, although an inflammatory cell response was noted in the minor airways of one animal exposed to flaming PVC smoke. The effects of flam ing or nonflaming PVC smoke were generally similar to those of HCl, in dicating that HCl is retained in the upper respiratory tract, even in the pres ence of particulates in smoke.

Pulmonary Functions in Children With Progressive Systemic Sclerosis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1161-1167
Author(s):  
Ben-Zion Garty ◽  
Balu H. Athreya ◽  
Robert Wilmott ◽  
Nina Scarpa ◽  
Robert Doughty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Progressive Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Abnormal Pulmonary Function

The patterns of pulmonary involvement in 13 children with progressive systemic sclerosis were investigated. Eight patients (61%) had respiratory symptoms or signs and 7 patients (55%) had abnormalities on chest roentgenogram. Twelve patients (92%) had abnormal pulmonary function tests: 7 had restrictive disease, 2 had obstructive disease, 2 had small airway disease, and 1 had an isolated reduction in the diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide. Nine patients had the test performed during the first year of illness, 3 during the second year, and 1 at 5 years. All patients had abnormal pulmonary function tests when first studied. Subsequent pulmonary function tests over a period of 3 to 10 years (mean 6.2 years) showed substantial changes in only 2 patients (1 patient had initial worsening of diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide followed by normalization and another patient showed improvement of obstructive disease). Two patients died during follow-up, 1 of pulmonary hypertension, the other of severe restrictive lung disease and myocardial fibrosis. The major findings of this study were (1) high frequency of pulmonary disease in children with progressive systemic sclerosis, (2) early involvement of the lungs, (3) relatively indolent progression of lung disease, and (4) the prognostic importance of the severity of pulmonary disease. Pulmonary manifestations of progressive systemic sclerosis in children appear to be similar to those of affected adults.

Study of pulmonary function tests in tobacco factory workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Gajanan V Patil ◽  
◽  
Atish Pagar ◽  
U S Patil ◽  
M K Parekh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Function Tests

Pulmonary Function Tests in European Birth Cohorts

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Linus Grabenhenrich ◽  
Cynthia Hohmann ◽  
Remy Slama ◽  
Joachim Heinrich ◽  
Magnus Wickman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Function Tests

Atrial fibrillation associated with carbon monoxide poisoning

2019 ◽  
pp. 203-206
Author(s):  
Mevlut Demir ◽  
◽  
Muslum Sahin ◽  
Ahmet Korkmaz ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood

Carbon monoxide intoxication occurs usually via inhalation of carbon monoxide that is emitted as a result of a fire, furnace, space heater, generator, motor vehicle. A 37-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department at about 5:00 a.m., with complaints of nausea, vomiting and headache. He was accompanied by his wife and children. His venous blood gas measures were: pH was 7.29, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) was 42 mmHg, partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) was 28 mmHg, carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) was 12.7% (reference interval: 0.5%-2.5%) and oxygen saturation was 52.4%. Electrocardiogram (ECG) examination showed that the patient was not in sinus rhythm but had atrial fibrillation. After three hours the laboratory examination was repeated: Troponin was 1.2 pg/ml and in the arterial blood gas COHb was 3%. The examination of the findings on the monitor showed that the sinus rhythm was re-established. The repeated ECG examination confirmed the conversion to the sinus rhythm. He was monitored with the normobaric oxygen administration.

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