Atypical Pulmonary Infections

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
State Health ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
Progressive Respiratory Failure ◽  
Pontiac Fever ◽  
Legionnaires Disease

Legionellosis or Legionnaires’ disease (LD) is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia and can cause rapidly progressive respiratory failure and septic shock. Respiratory symptoms generally predominate; nonspecific symptoms include fever, malaise, myalgias, anorexia, and headache. There are no characteristic presenting clinical or radiological features, and the severity of illness can range from mild to severe. Although erythromycin was initially used to treat LD, trials have demonstrated that the newer macrolides and the respiratory fluoroquinolones are the antimicrobial agents of choice. Given the potential for outbreaks of LD, documented cases should be reported to the local or state health department. Along with LD, Legionella may cause Pontiac Fever, an influenza-like illness without pneumonia, which is self-limiting and does not require treatment.

Is there a real need for sputum culture for community-acquired pneumonia diagnostics? Results from a retrospective study in Russia

Diagnosis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga S. Kobyakova ◽  
Ivan A. Deev ◽  
Daria A. Vinokurova ◽  
Anastasia P. Zima ◽  
Denis S. Tyufilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Software Package ◽  
Inpatient Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Oropharyngeal Flora ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

AbstractObjectivesThe mortality rate associated with community-acquired pneumonia is still considered high as it occupies a leading position among all infectious diseases. The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of the respiratory bacterial culture sampling in the clinical practice of the Russian Federation’s therapeutic departments and its impact on inpatient care.MethodsThe study included 1,344 patients with community-acquired pneumonia. The analysis of the obtained data was performed using the statistical software package SPSS 23.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics). The description of quantitative indicators was carried out with an indication of the median (25; 75 percentile). Qualitative with an indication of the absolute and relative frequencies n (%).ResultsIt was noted that a third of the sample did not pass through the first stage (bacterioscopy). We noticed the predominance of oropharyngeal flora in the results. The sputum collection was carried out on average 3 (1; 5) days after the start of hospitalization, while antibiotic therapy was prescribed to all patients on the first day, the results of the bacteriological study were ready on average 6 (4; 8th) calendar days after hospitalization, while in 20 (1.5%) cases, the patient was already discharged. Due to the inefficiency of the starting regimen, antimicrobial agents have changed in 84 (6.3%) patients and averaged 5.5 (4.0; 10.0) days from the start of hospitalization.ConclusionsThe violation of the technique and the time of sputum collection resulted in a reduction in the method’s value.

scholarly journals Legionnaires' Disease Outbreak at a Resort in Cozumel, Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee M. Hampton ◽  
Laurel Garrison ◽  
Jessica Kattan ◽  
Ellen Brown ◽  
Natalia A. Kozak-Muiznieks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water System ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
Cozumel Island ◽  
European Working ◽  
Legionnaires Disease

Abstract Background.  A Legionnaires' disease (LD) outbreak at a resort on Cozumel Island in Mexico was investigated by a joint Mexico-United States team in 2010. This is the first reported LD outbreak in Mexico, where LD is not a reportable disease. Methods.  Reports of LD among travelers were solicited from US health departments and the European Working Group for Legionella Infections. Records from the resort and Cozumel Island health facilities were searched for possible LD cases. In April 2010, the resort was searched for possible Legionella exposure sources. The temperature and total chlorine of the water at 38 sites in the resort were measured, and samples from those sites were tested for Legionella. Results.  Nine travelers became ill with laboratory-confirmed LD within 2 weeks of staying at the resort between May 2008 and April 2010. The resort and its potable water system were the only common exposures. No possible LD cases were identified among resort workers. Legionellae were found to have extensively colonized the resort's potable water system. Legionellae matching a case isolate were found in the resort's potable water system. Conclusions.  Medical providers should test for LD when treating community-acquired pneumonia that is severe or affecting patients who traveled in the 2 weeks before the onset of symptoms. When an LD outbreak is detected, the source should be identified and then aggressively remediated. Because LD can occur in tropical and temperate areas, all countries should consider making LD a reportable disease if they have not already done so.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequences of the HistoricalLegionella pneumophilaStrains OLDA and Pontiac

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Mercante ◽  
Shatavia S. Morrison ◽  
Brian H. Raphael ◽  
Jonas M. Winchell
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Sporadic Case ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Outbreak Strain ◽  
Legionnaires Disease

Here, we report the complete genome sequences ofLegionella pneumophilaserogroup 1 strains OLDA and Pontiac, which predate the 1976 Philadelphia Legionnaires’ disease outbreak. Strain OLDA was isolated in 1947 from an apparent sporadic case, and strain Pontiac caused an explosive outbreak at a Michigan health department in 1968.

Cardiovascular consequences of community-acquired pneumonia and other pulmonary infections

2020 ◽  
pp. 212-228
Author(s):  
Raúl Méndez ◽  
Paula González-Jiménez ◽  
Laura Feced ◽  
Enrique Zaldívar ◽  
Rosario Menéndez
Keyword(s):  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Pulmonary Infections

scholarly journals Medical Specialties With Highest Percentages Of Complaints In The State Of Acre, Brazil

10.3823/2510 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilza Teresinha Ambros Ribeiro ◽  
José Hiran Gallo ◽  
Guilhermina Rego
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Medical Errors ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Health Department ◽  
The State ◽  
Medical Council ◽  
State Health ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Regional Medical

Background: The present study had the objective of surveying the medical specialties most commonly involved in complaints reported to the Regional Medical Council (CRM) of the state of Acre, between the years 1993 and 2009. Method: Data were gathered from the CRM by means of a questionnaire. This yielded 121 complaints. A deductive method was applied, with quantitative analysis. The results indicated that the specialties most susceptible to “medical errors” were general practice and gynecology. Findings: The results indicated that the specialties most susceptible to “medical errors” were general practice and gynecology. Conclusion: It is hoped that these data will be useful to the State Health Department for justifying greater investments in these fields of scientific knowledge and for better professional training. Keywords: Acre; complaints; specialties; ethics.

Computational framework for evaluating risk trade-offs in costs associated with Legionnaires’ Disease risk, energy, and scalding risk for hospital hot water systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Heida ◽  
Alexis Mraz ◽  
Mark Hamilton ◽  
Mark Weir ◽  
Kerry A Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Pontiac Fever ◽  
Legionnaires Disease

Legionella pneumophila are bacteria that when inhaled cause Legionnaires’ Disease (LD) and febrile illness Pontiac Fever. As of 2014, LD is the most frequent cause of waterborne disease outbreaks due...

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