Evolution of body composition and wasting indicators by time of day of haemodialysis

Abstract Background It has been a long-standing clinical concern that haemodialysis (HD) patients on afternoon shifts (ASs) are more prone to protein-energy wasting (PEW) than those on morning shifts (MSs), as their dialysis scheme and post-dialysis symptoms may interfere with meal intake. We evaluated the effect of time of day of HD on the evolution of body composition changes and PEW surrogates. Methods We conducted a retrospective study among 9.963 incident HD patients treated in NephroCare centres (2011–16); data were routinely collected in the European Clinical Database. The course of multi-frequency bioimpedance determined lean and fat tissue indices (LTI and FTI) between patients in MSs/ASs over 2 years were compared with linear mixed models. Secondary PEW indicators were body mass index, albumin, creatinine index and normalized protein catabolic rate. Models included fixed (age, sex, vascular access and diabetes mellitus) and random effects (country and patient). Results Mean baseline LTI and FTI were comparable between MSs (LTI: 12.5 ± 2.9 kg/m2 and FTI: 13.7 ± 6.0 kg/m2) and ASs (LTI: 12.4 ± 2.9 kg/m2 and FTI: 13.2 ± 6.1 kg/m2). During follow-up, LTI decreased and FTI increased similarly, with a mean absolute change (baseline to 24 months) of −0.3 kg/m2 for LTI and +1.0 kg/m2 for FTI. The course of these malnutrition indicators did not differ between dialysis shifts (P for interaction ≥0.10). We also did not observe differences between groups for secondary PEW indicators. Conclusions This study suggests that a dialysis shift in the morning or in the afternoon does not impact the long-term nutritional status of HD patients. Regardless of time of day of HD, patients progressively lose muscle mass and increase body fat.

Download Full-text

Long-Term Effects of Resistance Training on body Composition, Physical Fitness and Bone Mineral Density in a Osteopenia Elderly Woman : A Case Report with 3-Year Follow-Up

The Korean Journal of Growth and Development ◽

10.34284/kjgd.2018.02.26.1.111 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 111-117

Author(s):

Seon-young Lee ◽

Sang-won Seo ◽

Sang-hyup Song ◽

Ho-seong Lee

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Body Composition ◽

Case Report ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Elderly Woman ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Mineral Density

Download Full-text

Long-term effects of a modified, low-protein infant formula on growth and body composition: Follow-up of a randomized, double-blind, equivalence trial

Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.034 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stefanie M.P. Kouwenhoven ◽

Nadja Antl ◽

Martijn J.J. Finken ◽

Jos W.R. Twisk ◽

Eline M. van der Beek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Infant Formula ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Double Blind ◽

Equivalence Trial ◽

Low Protein

Download Full-text

Visceral Fat and Body Composition Changes in a Female Population After RYGBP: a Two-Year Follow-Up by DXA

Obesity Surgery ◽

10.1007/s11695-014-1422-8 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 443-451 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Alberto Bazzocchi ◽

Federico Ponti ◽

Stefano Cariani ◽

Danila Diano ◽

Luca Leuratti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Female Population ◽

Composition Changes

Download Full-text

Whole-Food Plant-Based Lifestyle Program and Decreased Obesity: A 10-Year Follow-up

10.20944/preprints201910.0280.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Boštjan Jakše ◽

Barbara Jakše ◽

Stanislav Pinter ◽

Jernej Pajek ◽

Nataša Fidler Mis

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Food Plant ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Total Body Mass ◽

Lifestyle Program ◽

Composition Changes

Failure of various weight-loss programs and long-term maintenance of favorable body composition in all kinds of people is high, since the majority go back to old dietary patterns. Many studies have documented the efficacy of a plant-based diet (PBD) for body mass management, but there are opinions that maintaining a PBD is difficult. We aimed to evaluate the long-term success of a whole-food plant-based (WFPB) lifestyle program. We investigated the differences in the obesity indices and lifestyle of 151 adults (39.6 ± SD 12.5 years), who were on our program for short (0.5–<2 years), medium (2–<5 years), or long term (5–10 years). Body-composition changes were favourable for all three groups, both genders and all participants. There were no differences in relative body-composition changes (BMI, body fat percentage and muscle mass index (MMI)) between the three groups. All participants improved their BMI (baseline mean pre-obesity BMI range (kg/m2): 26.4 ± 5.6 to normal 23.9 ± 3.8, p < 0.001), decreased body mass (–7.1 ± 8.3 kg, p < 0.001) and body fat percentage (–6.4 ± 5.6 % points, p < 0.001). 85.6% (101 out of 118) of parents of underage children (< 18 years), introduced WFPB lifestyle to their children. Those with the highest BMI at baseline lost the most of: a) BMI units, b) total body mass and c) body fat (a) (kg/m2) (–5.6 ± SD 2.9, –2.4 ± 1.8 and –0.9 ± 1.5), b) (kg) (–16.1 ± SD 8.8, –7.1 ± 5.4 and –2.5 ± 4.5) and c) (% points) (–9.5 ± SD 5.7, –6.6 ± 4.6 and –4.7 ± 5.3) for participants who had baseline BMI in obese, overweight and normal range, respectively; pbaseline vs. current < 0.001 for all). WFPB lifestyle program provides long-term lifestyle changes for reversal of obesity and is effective transferred to the next generation.

Download Full-text

Long-Term Effects of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on Body Composition and Bone Mass Density

Obesity Facts ◽

10.1159/000512450 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Julian Bühler ◽

Silvan Rast ◽

Christoph Beglinger ◽

Ralph Peterli ◽

Thomas Peters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Body Composition ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Bone Mass ◽

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Mass Density ◽

Bone Mass Density

Background: Currently, the two most common bariatric procedures are laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). Long-term data comparing the two interventions in terms of their effect on body composition and bone mass density (BMD) are scarce. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess body composition and BMD at least 5 years after LSG and LRYGB. Setting: Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, St. Claraspital Basel and St. Clara Research Ltd., Basel, Switzerland. Methods:Bariatric patients at least 5 years after surgery (LSG or LRYGB) were recruited, and body composition and BMD were measured by means of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Data from body composition before surgery were included in the analysis. Blood samples were taken for determination of plasma calcium, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D3, alkaline phosphatase, and C-terminal telopeptide, and the individual risk for osteoporotic fracture assessed by the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool score was calculated. After surgery, all patients received multivitamins, vitamin D3, and zinc. In addition, LRYGB patients were prescribed calcium. Results: A total of 142 patients were included, 72 LSG and 70 LRYGB, before surgery: median body mass index 43.1, median age 45.5 years, 62.7% females. Follow-up after a median of 6.7 years. For LRYGB, the percentage total weight loss at follow-up was 26.3% and for LSG 24.1% (p = 0.243). LRYGB led to a slightly lower fat percentage in body composition. At follow-up, 45% of both groups had a T score at the femoral neck below –1, indicating osteopenia. No clinically relevant difference in BMD was found between the groups. Conclusions:At 6.7 years after surgery, no difference in body composition and BMD between LRYGB and LSG was found. Deficiencies and bone loss remain an issue after both interventions and should be monitored.

Download Full-text

Effects of long-term intradialytic oral nutrition and exercise on muscle protein homeostasis and markers of mitochondrial content in patients on hemodialysis

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.00026.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 319 (5) ◽

pp. F885-F894

Author(s):

Jorge L. Gamboa ◽

Serpil Muge Deger ◽

Bradley W. Perkins ◽

Cindy Mambungu ◽

Feng Sha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Muscle Protein ◽

Nutritional Supplementation ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Mitochondrial Content ◽

Protein Energy Wasting ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Protein Energy

Patients with end-stage kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis commonly develop protein-energy wasting, a syndrome characterized by nutritional and metabolic abnormalities. Nutritional supplementation and exercise are recommended to prevent protein-energy wasting. In a 6-mo prospective randomized, open-label, clinical trial, we reported that the combination of resistance exercise and nutritional supplementation does not have an additive effect on lean body mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. To provide more mechanistic data, we performed a secondary analysis where we hypothesized that the combination of nutritional supplementation and resistance exercise would have additive effects on muscle protein accretion by stable isotope protein kinetic experiments, muscle mass by MRI, and mitochondrial content markers in muscle. We found that 6 mo of nutritional supplementation during hemodialysis increased muscle protein net balance [baseline: 2.5 (−17.8, 13.0) µg·100 mL−1·min−1 vs. 6 mo: 43.7 (13.0, 98.5) µg·100 mL−1·min−1, median (interquartile range), P = 0.04] and mid-thigh fat area [baseline: 162.3 (104.7, 226.6) cm2 vs. 6 mo: 181.9 (126.3, 279.2) cm2, median (interquartile range), P = 0.04]. Three months of nutritional supplementation also increased markers of mitochondrial content in muscle. Although the study is underpowered to detected differences, the combination of nutritional supplementation and exercise failed to show further benefit in protein accretion or muscle cross-sectional area. We conclude that long-term nutritional supplementation increases the skeletal muscle anabolic effect, the fat cross-sectional area of the thigh, and markers of mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle.

Download Full-text

Muscle strength in patients with acromegaly at diagnosis and during long-term follow-up

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-17-0120 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 177 (2) ◽

pp. 217-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Laila Füchtbauer ◽

Daniel S Olsson ◽

Bengt-Åke Bengtsson ◽

Lise-Lott Norrman ◽

Katharina S Sunnerhagen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Muscle Function ◽

Cell Mass ◽

Proximal Muscle ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

One Year

Objective Patients with acromegaly have decreased body fat (BF) and increased extracellular water (ECW) and muscle mass. Although there is a lack of systematic studies on muscle function, it is believed that patients with acromegaly may suffer from proximal muscle weakness despite their increased muscle mass. We studied body composition and muscle function in untreated acromegaly and after biochemical remission. Design Prospective observational study. Methods Patients with acromegaly underwent measurements of muscle strength (dynamometers) and body composition (four-compartment model) at diagnosis (n = 48), 1 year after surgery (n = 29) and after long-term follow-up (median 11 years) (n = 24). Results were compared to healthy subjects. Results Untreated patients had increased body cell mass (113 ± 9% of predicted) and ECW (110 ± 20%) and decreased BF (67 ± 7.6%). At one-year follow-up, serum concentration of IGF-I was reduced and body composition had normalized. At baseline, isometric muscle strength in knee flexors and extensors was normal and concentric strength was modestly increased whereas grip strength and endurance was reduced. After one year, muscle strength was normal in both patients with still active disease and patients in remission. At long-term follow-up, all patients were in remission. Most muscle function tests remained normal, but isometric flexion and the fatigue index were increased to 153 ± 42% and 139 ± 28% of predicted values, respectively. Conclusions Patients with untreated acromegaly had increased body cell mass and normal or modestly increased proximal muscle strength, whereas their grip strength was reduced. After biochemical improvement and remission, body composition was normalized, hand grip strength was increased, whereas proximal muscle fatigue increased.

Download Full-text