scholarly journals NCOG-39. PROGRESSION-FREE AND SURVIVAL RATE OF CHEMOTHERAPY IN PEDIATRICS WITH OPTIC PATHWAY GLIOMAS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii137-ii137
Author(s):  
Vega Pangaribuan ◽  
Jemmy Kurniawan ◽  
Doni Widyandana
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Pediatric Brain Tumors ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Optic Pathway ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Pediatric Brain ◽  
Optic Pathway Gliomas

Abstract BACKGROUND Optic pathway gliomas (OPG) are typically astrocytic neoplasms that represent 3-5% of all pediatric brain tumors. The prognosis of these tumors has often been poor. Total surgical resection of OPG is not amenable, thus the role of surgery remains limited. Chemotherapy can be considered as the main modality of treatment; it is also able to postpone the use of radiotherapy which may harm the brain growth in children. METHODS We conducted the PRISMA-guided systematic literature search from 6 electronic databases to identify studies reporting outcomes of chemotherapy in OPG patients. The inclusion criteria are literature reporting the survival outcomes of chemotherapy in OPG patients with minimum subjects of 10 patients and aged below 22 years old. RESULTS A total of 48 out of 557 studies were assessed for its full paper eligibility. Thus, we found 10 studies comprising of 451 patients that met the inclusion criteria for analysis. From 8 different regimens of chemotherapy that were reported, the most commonly used regimens are Carboplastin ± Vincristine. The 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were ranged from 23-70%, 34-73%, and 47.1% respectively. The 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year overall survival (OS) rate has a range of 91-95%, 70.1-97%, and 61.3%-62.3% respectively. In detail, we found that 1 study with Cisplatin with Etoposide regimens reported 0% of the 5-year PFS rate, therefore it was excluded from the analysis. There are 2 studies that reported a high rate of 5-year radiotherapy free survival with chemotherapy, ranging from 61-82%. CONCLUSION This systematic review showed that chemotherapy in patients with OPG leads to an unsatisfactory 5-year PFS rate (34-73%), however it is able to provide a high 5-year OS (91-95%). In the absence of good quality control for these studies, future prospective clinical trials with adjusted confounding factors are urgently needed.

scholarly journals FCR achieves long-term durable remissions in patients with IGHV-mutated CLL

Blood ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 130 (21) ◽  
pp. 2278-2282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatree Chai-Adisaksopha ◽  
Jennifer R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Free Survival

Abstract In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with mutated IGHV, 3 recent studies have demonstrated prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) after treatment with fludarabine-cyclophosphamide-rituximab (FCR) chemoimmunotherapy. We performed a systematic review to assess the benefit of FCR for patients with CLL and identified 5 randomized trials that met our inclusion criteria. FCR improved complete remission, PFS and overall survival vs the comparator; median PFS was not reached in the subgroup of CLL patients with mutated IGHV.

scholarly journals Surgery plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in primary intestinal lymphoma: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 030006052110568
Author(s):  
Yefei Shu ◽  
Xiaofeng Xu ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Ling Xu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Intestinal Lymphoma ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Systemic Treatments ◽  
Intestinal Lymphomas

Objective Primary intestinal lymphomas (PILs) are uncommon tumors, but their incidence is increasing. Currently, their management is centered around systemic treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, whereas surgery is restricted to selected indications. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the role of surgery in PIL treatment. Methods We collected publications comparing surgery plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with PIL from 2000 to 2021. All trials analyzed the summary odds ratios (ORs) of endpoints, including the 5-year overall survival (OS), 3-year OS, and 3-year progression-free survival rates. Combined pooled ORs were analyzed using fixed- or random-effects models according to heterogeneity. Results Six studies were included. Compared with chemotherapy alone, surgery plus chemotherapy was associated with significantly higher 5-year OS [OR = 4.88, 95%confidence interval (CI) = 1.91–12.44, Z = 3.32], 3-year OS (OR = 3.83, 95%CI = 2.33–6.30, Z = 5.30), and 3-year progression-free survival (OR = 3.51, 95%CI = 2.20–5.58, Z = 5.29). Conclusions Surgery plus chemotherapy was associated with better outcomes than chemotherapy alone, especially in the early stages. Therefore, surgery plus chemotherapy may be the preferred strategy for appropriately selected patients with PIL. The protocol for this systematic review was registered at INPLASY (INPLASY202180102) and is available in full ( https: //doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.8.0102 ).

scholarly journals Systematic review and meta-analysis of trials evaluating the role of adjuvant radiation after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer: Implications for early salvage

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimal Bhindi ◽  
Soum D. Lokeshwar ◽  
Zachary Klaassen ◽  
Laurence Klotz ◽  
Christopher J.D. Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Biochemical Progression

Introduction: Recent reports suggest that early salvage radiation (esRT) is non-inferior to adjuvant radiation (aRT) for adverse pathological features at radical prostatectomy. However, aRT was accepted as a standard treatment primarily based on effects on biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS). In order to understand the merits of esRT, the objective was to reassess if aRT vs. observation is associated with improved overall survival (OS). Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized trials evaluating aRT was performed. The primary outcome was OS. Secondary outcomes were metastasis-free survival (MFS), loco-regional recurrence-free survival (RFS), bPFS, and adverse events. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis. Results: Four randomized trials including 2068 patients with a median followup of 8.7–12.6 years were identified. While all trials reported a bPFS benefit, only one reported an OS benefit. Upon meta-analysis, no significant OS benefit was detected with aRT vs. observation (hazard ratio [HR] 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61–1.33), although consistent bPFS (HR 0.47; 95% CI 0.41–0.54) and local-RFS (HR 0.54; 95% CI 0.39–0.73) benefits were noted. There is an uncertain MFS benefit with aRT (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.62–1.01), and the effect is largely driven by one trial with a notable risk of bias. There was also a risk of overtreatment, with 35–60% of patients being biochemical recurrence-free with observation alone. Adverse events risk was greater with aRT vs. observation. Conclusions: Although aRT vs. observation provides a bPFS benefit related to local control, there is no clear OS or MFS benefit, a greater risk of adverse events, and a risk of overtreatment. By extension, these data have implications for patient selection and counselling for esRT.

Efficacy Of Bortezomib-Based Regimens With Or Without An Immunomodulatory Agent In Older Adults With Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 5580-5580
Author(s):  
Jordan Atkins ◽  
Susan A Fowler ◽  
Methodius Tuuli ◽  
Aimee S James ◽  
Tanya M Wildes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Partial Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Good Partial Response

Abstract Introduction Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease within older adults, caused by the malignant proliferation of plasma cells and destruction of skeletal structure, with subsequent end-organ dysfunction. In the elderly and transplant ineligible population, chemotherapeutic regimens that include novel and conventional drugs are currently being employed to attain optimal response and survival outcomes. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, in combination with an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) versus bortezomib-containing regimens alone in improving overall survival, progression-free survival, and response in patients aged 65 and older ineligible for stem cell transplant. Methods We searched Pubmed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, CENTRAL, DARE, and clinicaltrials.gov databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from January 1946 until March 2013 using search terms such as: “bortezomib” “thalidomide/analogs and derivatives” and “lenalidomide.” Primary outcomes such as overall survival “OS” and progression-free survival “PFS” were harvested from standard indexes and on-topic articles. We abstracted data from relevant studies for analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane's Q and Higgin's I2 with p<0.1 considered significant. Pooled risk ratios (RR) and hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using DerSimonain and Laird random effect models. Results We identified 762 studies, 201 of which were duplicates that were excluded. Of these studies, 561 met initial inclusion criteria. After screening and systematic review, we found a majority of the articles originated from sub-analyses or reviews of 2 major studies which fully met inclusion criteria: 1) bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone-thalidomide (VMPT) versus bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone (VMP) [Palumbo JCO 2010] and 2) bortezomib-thalidomide-prednisone (VTP) versus VMP [Mateos Lancet Onc 2010). Of the two studies included, 384 patients received thalidomide and bortezomib-containing regimens (VMPT or VTP), and 387 patients received VMP. Thalidomide-containing combinations were associated with improvement in complete response (pooled RR 1.55 [95% Confidence intervals 1.23-1.95]) and very good partial response (pooled RR 1.19 [95% Confidence intervals 1.04-1.38]). There was no evidence of significant heterogeneity associated with either of these outcomes across the studies (I2=0; p=0.559 and I2=0; p=0.600). There were no significant differences in partial response (pooled RR 1.08; 95% CI 0.98-1.19), overall survival (pooled HR 1.04; 95% CI 0.65-1.44), or progression-free survival (pooled HR 0.91; 95% CI 0.29-1.42). There were also no significant differences in toxic side effects (Table). Conclusion Based on the limited data included in this meta-analysis, we found that the addition of thalidomide to a bortezomib-based regimen was associated with improved complete response and very good partial response, but no improvement in overall or progression-free survival. Larger studies of thalidomide and other immunomodulatory agents are required to further clarify the role of adding IMiDs to bortezomib-based regimens in the treatment of MM. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals PCV chemotherapy alone for WHO grade 2 oligodendroglioma: prolonged disease control with low risk of malignant progression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Weller ◽  
Sophie Katzendobler ◽  
Philipp Karschnia ◽  
Stefanie Lietke ◽  
Rupert Egensperger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Biopsy ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
First Relapse ◽  
Pcv Chemotherapy ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Histological Progression

Abstract Introduction The role of chemotherapy alone in newly diagnosed WHO grade 2 oligodendroglioma after biopsy, incomplete or gross total resection remains controversial. We here analyze the clinical outcome of four patient cohorts being treated with either procarbazine, CCNU and vincristine (PCV) or temozolomide (TMZ) after biopsy, resection only, or wait-and-scan after biopsy. Methods Patients (n = 142) with molecularly defined oligodendroglioma (WHO 2016) were assigned to four cohorts: W&S, wait-and-scan after stereotactic biopsy (n = 59); RES, surgical resection only (n = 27); TMZ, temozolomide after biopsy (n = 26) or PCV (n = 30) after biopsy. Presurgical MRI T2 tumor volumes were obtained by manual segmentation. Progression-free survival (PFS), post-recurrence PFS (PR-PFS) and rate of histological progression to grade 3 were analyzed. Results PFS was longest after PCV (9.1 years), compared to 5.1 years after W&S, 4.4 years after RES and 3.6 years after TMZ. The rate of histological progression from grade 2 to 3 within 10 years was 9% for the PCV, 29% for the W&S, 67% for the RES and 75% for the TMZ group (p = 0.01). In the W&S group, patients treated with PCV at first relapse had a longer PFS from intervention than those treated with TMZ (7.2 vs 4.0 years, p = 0.04). Multivariate analysis identified smaller tumor volume prior to any intervention (p = 0.02) to be prognostic for PFS. Conclusions PCV chemotherapy alone is an effective treatment for WHO grade 2 oligodendroglioma, with long PFS and low rate of histological progression.

scholarly journals Management of low-grade glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J Brown ◽  
Daniela A Bota ◽  
Martin J van Den Bent ◽  
Paul D Brown ◽  
Elizabeth Maher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Low Grade Glioma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Low Grade Gliomas

Abstract Background Optimum management of low-grade gliomas remains controversial, and widespread practice variation exists. This evidence-based meta-analysis evaluates the association of extent of resection, radiation, and chemotherapy with mortality and progression-free survival at 2, 5, and 10 years in patients with low-grade glioma. Methods A quantitative systematic review was performed. Inclusion criteria included controlled trials of newly diagnosed low-grade (World Health Organization Grades I and II) gliomas in adults. Eligible studies were identified, assigned a level of evidence for every endpoint considered, and analyzed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The relative risk of mortality and of progression at 2, 5, and 10 years was calculated for patients undergoing resection (gross total, subtotal, or biopsy), radiation, or chemotherapy. Results Gross total resection was significantly associated with decreased mortality and likelihood of progression at all time points compared to subtotal resection. Early radiation was not associated with decreased mortality; however, progression-free survival was better at 5 years compared to patients receiving delayed or no radiation. Chemotherapy was associated with decreased mortality at 5 and 10 years in the high-quality literature. Progression-free survival was better at 5 and 10 years compared to patients who did not receive chemotherapy. In patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 gene (IDH1) R132H mutations receiving chemotherapy, progression-free survival was better at 2 and 5 years than in patients with IDH1 wild-type gliomas. Conclusions Results from this review, the first to quantify differences in outcome associated with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy in patients with low-grade gliomas, can be used to inform evidence-based management and future clinical trials.

scholarly journals Advanced melanoma, a pharmacological evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabela Andrade ◽  
Jorge Balteiro
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Braf Inhibitor ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Mek Inhibitor ◽  
Advanced Melanoma ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Dismal Prognosis

Abstract Background Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive cancer that occurs in melanocytes, located in the epidermis. Historically it has a high rate of morbidity and mortality, due to the resistance and toxicity of traditional therapies. Its incidence has increased annually by 4% to 8%. Until 2011 it was still considered a devastating and almost always fatal disease in a few months. Advances in therapies have significantly improved the results of most patients with advanced melanoma, especially those with a BRAFV600 mutation, which account for almost 50% of tumors. Before the recent evolution in treatment, the prognosis and overall survival were considered very bad. The introduction of new drugs has improved progression-free survival and overall survival, as well as producing faster clinical responses. Methods Comparison of endpoints such as progression-free survival and overall melanoma survival from the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) studies of each drug in the therapeutic groups under assessment used in the disease. The variables used were the Endpoints Global Survival at various times (12 months, 24 months, 36 months and the median) and Progression-Free Survival. Results Combined immunotherapy (Nivolumab and Ipilimumab) improves overall survival and progression-free survival, achieving better results than targeted therapy. In this, the combination of a BRAF inhibitor and a MEK inhibitor, presents better results with the combination of Encorafenib and Binimetinib. Conclusions Both targeted therapy and immunotherapy transform melanoma with a dismal prognosis into a life-threatening illness.

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