scholarly journals Positive and Negative Partisanship

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa Bankert
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Emerging Democracies ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Partisanship is omnipresent in American politics. Even in European multiparty systems and emerging democracies in Africa, attachments to political parties form easily, enduringly, and almost instantly. Given its potent role in impacting citizens’ political attitudes and behavior, it is no surprise that political scientists have dedicated a tremendous amount of effort and time to examining the origins, conceptualization, and measurement of partisanship. Yet important questions remain: Is partisanship purely psychological, or is it grounded in strong political attitudes and ideologies? Is partisanship influenced by political preferences, or does partisanship influence political preferences? And how does partisanship influence attitudes toward the out-party? This bibliography will introduce readings that address these questions. At the same time, this entry will go beyond the canonical work on positive partisan attachments and introduce the work on negative partisanship—the notion that citizens increasingly feel lukewarm about their own party and primarily define themselves by which political party they do not belong to. The reader can utilize this overview to identify new research avenues.

Election Poster Persuasion

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Schott ◽  
Jule Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Additional Measure ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Policy Statements ◽  
Voting Intentions

Abstract. We examined the effect of presenting unknown policy statements on German parties’ election posters. Study 1 showed that participants inferred the quality of a presented policy from knowledge about the respective political party. Study 2 showed that participants’ own political preferences influenced valence estimates: policy statements presented on campaign posters of liked political parties were rated significantly more positive than those presented on posters of disliked political parties. Study 3 replicated the findings of Study 2 with an additional measure of participants’ need for cognition. Need for cognition scores were unrelated to the valence transfer from political parties to policy evaluation. Study 4 replicated the findings of Studies 2 and 3 with an additional measure of participants’ voting intentions. Voting intentions were a significant predictor for valence transfer. Participants credited both their individually liked and disliked political parties for supporting the two unknown policies. However, the credit attributed to the liked party was significantly higher than to the disliked one. Study 5 replicated the findings of Studies 2, 3, and 4. Additionally, participants evaluated political clubs that were associated with the same policies previously presented on election posters. Here, a second-degree transfer emerged: from party valence to policy evaluation and from policy evaluation to club evaluation. Implications of the presented studies for policy communications and election campaigning are discussed.

scholarly journals The Political Consequences of Be(com)ing Mindful. How Mindfulness Might Affect Political Attitudes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Ramstetter
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
The Political ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Mechanisms Of Mindfulness ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Pro Social Behavior

Though research provides ample evidence that mindfulness shapes psychological processes and states that are linked to political attitudes and behavior, political science has so far largely ignored mindfulness as a potential explanatory factor shaping political attitudes and actions. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the concept of mindfulness and outlines potential linkages between mindfulness and outlines political attitudes. I begin by identifying gaps in the literature on political attitude formation and change as well as its linkage to political behavior. I then introduce mindfulness as a multifaceted concept, discussing its definitional features and unravelling the mechanisms of mindfulness affecting cognitive and emotional abilities. Building on this foundation, I review research on correlates and effects of mindfulness on attitudes and behaviors related to the political domain, such as pro-environmentalism and pro-social behavior. Critically reflecting on extant research on mindfulness, I propose possible research avenues for political science that enhance its dialogue with neuroscience and social psychology.

Do migrant social networks shape political attitudes and behavior at home?

2019 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 328-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catia Batista ◽  
Julia Seither ◽  
Pedro C. Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
At Home

scholarly journals Interpreting toxic masculinity in political parties: A framework for analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 135406881988759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Daddow ◽  
Isabelle Hertner
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Informal Practices ◽  
The Uk ◽  
New Research ◽  
Alternative For Germany

The term ‘toxic masculinity’ (TM) was coined in the 1990s by sociologists and psychologists. It has since been appropriated by scholars and commentators interested in gendered behaviours, policies and outcomes in politics. However, despite the attention belatedly being paid to masculinities as part of that research, the analysis of, specifically, TM’s part in shaping political practices remains underdeveloped. This article proposes a move in this direction by designing a conceptual framework for exploring TM inside political parties. We adapt findings from the original TM literature to generate a series of indicators of TM spanning the vital realms of party political activity: its policy positions, accompanying discourse and the formal and informal practices – often behind the scenes – that express the party’s values broader ethos and outlook. We then test the framework using a paired comparison of two parties of the populist right where we might expect to see relatively high levels of TM: the Alternative for Germany and the UK Independence Party. Our empirical findings give us confidence that drawing on the concept of TM can provide us with novel insights into the interplay between masculinity and political party cultures. We also hope that it will inspire a significant body of new research into TM in political parties from across the party spectrum as well as globally.

The Genetics of Political Attitudes and Behavior: Claims and Refutations

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Theoretical Assumption ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Twin Method ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Equal Environments

Some political scientists have argued in recent years that twin research shows that genetic factors play an important role in shaping political attitudes, ideologies, and behavior. Moreover, some researchers claim to have identified genes for political traits at the molecular level. The author argues that the main theoretical assumption of the twin method, which holds that monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs experience equal environments, is untenable. Therefore, the results of twin studies can be completely explained by nongenetic factors. The author also argues that recent gene discovery claims in political science are unlikely to be replicated. He concludes that because genetic interpretations of twin study results are confounded by environmental factors, political scientists have no reason to revise previous socialization theories of political traits.

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