scholarly journals Incidence of Pediatric Community Associated Clostridium Difficile Infection Following Common Antibotics

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S392-S392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Miranda Katz ◽  
Deepika Parmar ◽  
Rebecca Dang ◽  
Amy Alabaster ◽  
Tara Greenhow
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Kaiser Permanente ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

Abstract Background As rates of pediatric community-associated (CA) Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) increase, additional research is needed to address rates of infection following common antibiotics. Methods This study was a retrospective review of the electronic health records of all children with stool specimens sent for C difficile from January first 2012 – December 31st2016 at Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Children with clinical symptoms consistent with CDI, confirmatory laboratory testing, no other identified causes of diarrhea, and community associated disease were defined as cases. Using outpatient and ED antibiotic prescription records for children, incidence rates were calculated for subsequent CA CDI for the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. Results Of 507 primary CDI cases in our cohort, 327 had any antibiotic use 2012–2015. There were 205 primary CDI cases that were preceded by an antibiotic in the previous 1–365 days. Many of these patients had more than 1 antibiotic in the preceding year. Of those, rates of CA CDI were uncommon following common antibiotics. (Table) The highest rate of CA CDI followed ceftriaxone, cefdinir, ciprofloxacin and augmentin. The lowest rates were seen following penicillin, doxycycline and azithromycin. Ninety-three percent of the antibiotic prescriptions were in outpatients, 7% in inpatients. Conclusion As rates of CA CDI increase, clinicians should be aware of rates of infection following administration of common antibiotics. The most common antibiotics to cause CA CDI were third-generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone and cefdinir) and ciprofloxacin. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals 975. Clostridium difficile Infection and Antibiotic Prescription Rates in the Community: Explaining the Gender Gap

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S39-S39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Younas ◽  
Julie Royer ◽  
Hana Rac ◽  
Julie Ann Justo ◽  
P Brandon Bookstaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prescription Rates ◽  
Carolina Population

Abstract Background Previous studies have reported higher incidence rates of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection (CA-CDI) in women than in men. This cross-sectional population-based study examines whether this difference in CA-CDI rates across genders is driven by or independent of antibiotic use. Methods Medicaid and State Employee Health Plan pharmacy claims for outpatient oral antibiotics and associated medical claims were utilized for estimation of community antibiotic prescription rates in South Carolina population 18 to 64 years of age from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015. CA-CDI cases were identified from National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) and South Carolina Infectious Disease and Outbreak Network (SCION) through complete enumeration of South Carolina population of the same age and study period as above. Incidence rates of CA-CDI were reported in both men and women 18–39 and 40–64 years of age before and after adjustments for antibiotic prescription rates in the same gender and age group. The 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to examine statistical difference in incidence rates across genders within the same age group. Results During the calendar year 2015, a total of 1,564 CA-CDI cases were identified in South Carolina residents 18–64 years of age. The incidence rate of CA-CDI per 100,000 person-years was higher in women than in men in age groups 18–39 years (37.3 [95% CI: 32.8–41.8] vs. 21.0 [95% CI: 17.6–24.4]) and 40–64 years (86.4 [95% CI: 80.1–92.8] vs. 56.6 [95% CI: 51.2–61.9]. Similarly, antibiotic prescription rates per 100 person-years were higher in women than men in the 2 respective age groups (118.8 [95% CI: 118.3–119.3] vs. 54.3 [95% CI: 53.9–54.8] and 130.4 [95% CI: 129.8–130.9] vs. 83.8 [95% CI: 83.3–84.4]. After adjustments for antibiotic prescriptions, there was no significant difference in the incidence rates of CA-CDI per 100,000 prescriptions between women and men 18–39 years of age (31.4 [95% CI: 27.6–35.2] vs. 38.6 [95% CI: 32.4–44.8] and 40–64 years old (66.3 [95% CI 61.5–71.2] vs. 67.5 [95% CI: 61.1–73.8]). Conclusion Higher crude incidence rates of CA-CDI in women are likely due to higher outpatient antibiotic prescription rates in women when compared with men. Disclosures P. B. Bookstaver, CutisPharma: Scientific Advisor, <$1,000. Melinta Therapeutics: Speaker’s Bureau, <$1,000.

Antibiotic Use and Clostridium difficile Infection in the U.S. – A Populatiuon Based Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. S-360
Author(s):  
Narayan Dharel ◽  
Sanjay Ghimire ◽  
Rudra Pandey ◽  
Shiva Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals 189Hospital onset Clostridium difficile infection not a predictor of increased antibiotic use in small hospitals: an evaluation of 54 hospitals

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S86-S86
Author(s):  
Roy Guharoy ◽  
Mohamad G. Fakih ◽  
Jeffrey Seggerman ◽  
Angelo Bufalino ◽  
Michelle Heavens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Use

scholarly journals The Analysis of Risk Factors and Clinical-Demographic Characteristics of Patients with Clostridium Dificille Infection as Well as The Outcome of Their Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Ivana Raković ◽  
Biljana Popovska Jovicic ◽  
Andriana Bukonjic ◽  
Sara Petrovic ◽  
Petar Canovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
H2 Blockers

Abstract Pseudomembranous colitis is a frequent nosocomial infection associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Clostridium difficile infection incidence most frequently increases due to unreasonable antibiotic use and the appearance of new hypervirulent bacterial strains, which leads to prolonged hospitalization and an increase in the total cost of hospital treatment.This is a retrospective design study conducted at Clinical Centre Kragujevac from January to December 2014. The patient data were obtained from the protocol of the Virological Laboratory and from medical documentation. All statistical analyses were performed using the computer program SPSS. The descriptive statistical data are expressed as percentage values. Continuous variables are expressed as the arithmetic mean with the standard deviation.Clostridium difficile infection occurred more frequently with elderly patients (123 patients were over 65 years old). Out of 154 patients on antibiotic treatment, 110 patients were treated with a combination of two or more antibiotics from different pharmacological groups. The most represented antibiotics were from the cephalosporin (71.4%) and quinolone (46.3%) groups. A total of 85.8% of the patients used proton pump inhibitors and H2 blockers.Our results describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with diagnosed Clostridium difficile infection. The most prevalent characteristics (age, antibiotic therapy, PPI and H2 blocker use), which other researchers have also mentioned as risk factors, were present in our study as well.

scholarly journals Injudicious antibiotic use leading to fulminating Clostridium difficile infection: a case report

Cases Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7978
Author(s):  
Sreedhar Kolli ◽  
Akhila Mallipedhi ◽  
Rhys Thomas ◽  
Male Kishore Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Use

scholarly journals Physicians` awareness level assessment of the epidemiology and diagnosis features of nosocomial infection caused by Clostridium difficile in a multidisciplinary hospitals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Lokotkova
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Lack Of Physicians

Background. Clostridium difficile has an important place among healthcare associated infections pathogens , mainly due to the widespread and inappropriate antibiotics use. Over the past 10 years an incidence of this infection has increased in the USA and European countries. Unfortunately, Clostridium difficile infection cases in the Russian Federation are almost not register, probably due to the lack of physicians awareness and underestimation of the pathogen role in the etiology of nosocomial infections. The study purpose is to study the different specialties physicians awareness of patients` Clostridium difficile infections development in multidisciplinary hospitals. Materials and methods. A questionnaire survey of 115 physicians of two multidisciplinary hospitals in Kazan was carried out. The questionnaire included 15 questions related to etiology, transmission mechanism, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and prevention of C. difficile infection. Statistical data processing was carried out in MS Excel. Results. A low level of physicians` awareness on this issue was revealed. 92.2% of physicians did not have any Clostridium difficile infection cases in their practice. 31.3% of respondents underestimate the role of antibiotic use as the main risk factor for the development of the disease; at the same time, there are frequent cases of unreasonable prescription of antibiotics. 32.2% of the respondents are poorly informed about diagnosis methods of clostridiosis. 20% of physicians deny the role of bacteria carriers as a source of infection. 77.4% of respondents indicated the alimentary route as the main route of infection transmission. Only 38.2% of respondents noted the hospital environment objects as a possible factor in the transmission of Clostridium difficile. Conclusions. There is no alertness regarding antibiotic-associated diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile infection among multidisciplinary hospital physicians. Insufficient knowledge of epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnostics of Clostridium difficile infection are factors that determine the low frequency of its detection and, accordingly, impede the implementation of required anti-epidemic measures. There is a need to include Clostridium difficile infection issues in professional development programs for medical workers. It is advisable to develop and implement Clostridium difficile infection control.

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