scholarly journals High Prevalence of Anal and Oral High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Uninfected French Men Who Have Sex With Men and Use Preexposure Prophylaxis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa ◽  
Laurent Bélec ◽  
Camelia Gubavu ◽  
Hélène Péré ◽  
Mathieu Matta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Preexposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Oral Hpv ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background We assessed the prevalence and risk factors of anal and oral high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus–uninfected men who have sex with men (MSM) and take preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in France. Methods Anal and oral samples were screened by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (Anyplex II HPV 28; Seegene) for HPV DNA. Results A total of 61 unvaccinated MSM (mean age, 36.1 years) were enrolled. Anal HPV and HR-HPV prevalences were 93.4% and 81.9%, respectively, and oral HPV and HR-HPV prevalences, 33.9% and 19.6%, respectively. HR-HPV type 33 was the most detected genotype, in both anal and oral samples. Among MSM, 68.8% carried ≥1 anal HPV type targeted by the 9-valent Gardasil-9 vaccine; all oral HPV-positive samples carried ≥1 strain included in the vaccine. Condomless receptive anal intercourse and history of anal gonorrhea were the main factors associated with increased risk for anal HPV infection (adjusted odds ratio, 10.4) and anal infection with multiple HR-HPV genotypes (5.77), respectively. Conversely, having had <10 partners in the last 12 months was associated with decreased risk for anal carriage of both multiple HPV (adjusted odds ratio, 0.19) and HR-HPV (0.17) types. Conclusion French MSM using PrEP are at high risk for both anal and oral carriage of HR-HPV that could lead to HPV-related cancers.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Incidence, and Clearance of Human Papillomavirus Types Covered by Current Vaccines in Men With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the SUN Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 222 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragna Patel ◽  
Tim Bush ◽  
Lois Conley ◽  
Elizabeth R Unger ◽  
Teresa M Darragh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Abnormal Cytology ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Vaccine Impact ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background High-risk anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is prevalent among men living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); the association between 9-valent (9v) high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) vaccine types and abnormal cytology has not been well characterized. Methods We followed a prospective cohort study of persons with HIV at 7 HIV clinics in 4 US cities from March 2004 through June 2012. Annually, providers collected separate anal swabs for HPV detection and cytopathologic examination. Among men, we examined prevalence, incidence, and clearance of 9v HR-HPV vaccine types, compared with other HR types, and associations with abnormal cytology to assess potential vaccine impact. Results Baseline prevalence of any anal 9v HR-HPV type among men who have sex with men (MSM) and men who have sex with women (MSW) was 74% and 25% (P < .001), respectively. Among 299 MSM, abnormal cytology was detected in 161 (54%) MSM and was associated with the presence of any 9v HR-HPV (relative risk [RR], 1.8 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.3–2.6]; P < .001). Among 61 MSW, abnormal anal cytology was detected in 12 (20%) and was associated with the presence of any 9v HR-HPV (RR, 4.3 [95% CI, 1.6–11.5]; P < .001). Conclusions Among men with HIV, the prevalence of the 7 HR-HPV types in the 9v vaccine was high and was associated with abnormal cytology. These findings indicate that men with HIV could benefit from prophylactic administration of the 9v HPV vaccine.

scholarly journals The Human papillomavirus among women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Morocco A prospective cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahd Ouladlahsen ◽  
Naouar Fayssel ◽  
Rajaa Bensghir ◽  
Hanâ Baba ◽  
Hassan Lamdini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hpv Types

Introduction: Women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a higher risk of contracting human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and are more prone to develop cervical cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV and its association with risk factors among Moroccan women living with HIV/AIDS. Methodology: We enrolled 251 HIV-infected non-pregnant women in Morocco from February 2013 to September 2016. Sociodemographic, lifestyles, behavioral and clinical data were collected. Polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing were performed for molecular detection and HPV genotyping in cervical samples, respectively. Results: Abnormal cervical smears were found in 34/246 patients (13.82%). The overall prevalence of HPV was 74.50%. HPV 58 was the most prevalent (39.29%) followed by HPV 18 (10.71%), HPV 70 (8.93%), HPV 33 (7.14%), HPV 6 (6.25%) and other genotypes (< 3%). Overall, high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types were present in 75% (84/112) of patients and the prevalence of HR-HPV types in samples with abnormal Pap was higher than in normal Pap (55/83, 66.27% vs. 28/83, 33.33%, p < 0.0001). Univariate analyses showed that none of the socio-demographic and behaviors factors was associated with HPV infection. Moreover, Pap results were not affected by HPV status (p = 0.532). Whereas, CD4 T-cell counts above 200/mm3 at enrolment were apparently not protective to HPV infection. We found a high prevalence of HPV infection and HR-HPV types among HIV-positive women that significantly associated with abnormal Pap. Conclusion: Our findings suggest a high prevalence of HPV infection with high-risk types was observed among HIV-positive women warrant to implement a regular screening by Pap smear.

scholarly journals Incidence and Clearance of Anal Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-16 and HPV-18 Infection, and Their Determinants, Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in France

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 (9) ◽  
pp. 1488-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina J Alberts ◽  
Isabelle Heard ◽  
Ana Canestri ◽  
Lucie Marchand ◽  
Jean-François Fléjou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Human Papillomavirus 16 ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Adjusted Incidence Rate ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hpv 18

Abstract Background Prospective data on the natural history of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are scarce in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods We analyzed incidence and clearance of HPV-16 and HPV-18 in a French cohort of HIV-infected MSM, aged ≥35 years, followed-up annually (n = 438, 2014–2018). Results Human papillomavirus-16 and HPV-18 incidence were similar (~10% incident infections at 24 months). Human papillomavirus-16 incidence was higher among high-grade versus no lesion at baseline (adjusted incidence rate ratio = 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–8.18). Human papillomavirus-16 cleared significantly slower than HPV-18 (32% versus 54% by 24 months). Conclusions In conclusion, anal HPV-16 is more persistent than HPV-18, and its incidence correlates with a prior detection of high-grade lesions.

scholarly journals Cervical and oral human papillomavirus infection in women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and matched HIV-negative controls in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamy Taianne Suehiro ◽  
Gabrielle Marconi Zago Ferreira Damke ◽  
Edilson Damke ◽  
Paloma Luana Rodrigues de Azevedo Ramos ◽  
Marcela de Andrade Pereira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Oral Hpv ◽  
Hiv Women ◽  
Hiv Negative

Abstract Background: Despite the demonstrated role of human Papillomavirus (HPV) in the etiology of cervical cancer and the strong evidence suggesting the importance of HPV in the development of oropharyngeal cancer, several aspects concerning the interrelationship between HPV infection in both body sites remain unknown, specifically in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive (HIV+) female patients. We aimed to assess the prevalence, distribution, and concordance of cervical and oral HPV in HIV+ women and matched HIV-negative (HIV-) controls in Brazil. Material and methods: Cervical and endocervical samples for cytological screening and HPV detection and oral samples were collected from 115 HIV+ women using highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and 139 HIV-matched controls (HIV-) in Maringá City, Brazil. Risk factors were assessed using a standardized questionnaire, and the data regarding HIV infection were obtained from the patients’ medical records. HPV detection and typing were performed using the Kit Multiplex XGEN Multi HPV Chip HS12. Results: HIV infection was well controlled in this cohort, but women who exhibited detectable HIV load were significantly associated with HPV-positive status in overall (P = 0.03) and in cervical mucosa (P = 0.01). HIV+ women had significantly more abnormal cytological findings (P = 0.04) than HIV- women. Of the 115 HIV+ women, 48.7% were positive for cervical and/or oral HPV DNA; of the 139 HIV- women, 41% were positive for cervical and/or oral HPV (P = 0.25). Both HIV+ and HIV- women had a statistically higher prevalence of cervical HPV infection than oral infection. The concurrent HPV infection in two anatomical sites was similar in HIV+ and HIV- women, however HPV type concordance was not observed. HPV type distribution was different between the anatomical sites in both groups, and HIV+ women presented less common types, mainly in oral mucosa. Conclusion: Our data support the importance of HPV infection in HIV+ women, even when the HIV infection is well controlled. Prospective studies are required to better understand the natural history of HPV infection in both anatomical sites, specifically in HIV+ women.

Prevalence and Genotype distribution of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Different Anatomical Sites among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Farahmand ◽  
Seyed Hamidreza Monavari ◽  
Ahmad Tavakoli
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pertinent Data ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background: Homosexual men or men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection because of their high-risk sexual behaviors. In this large study, a meta-analytic approach was used to systematically analyze the literature to elucidate the prevalence and genotype distribution of anal, penile, oral, and urethral HPV infection among MSM in the world.Methods: To carry out this systematic review, five electronic databases were searched for relevant studies published from January 2012 through to November 2019, and pertinent data were collected from the eligible articles. The pooled HPV prevalences were calculated for each anatomical region using random-effect model weighted by the inverse variance method. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the probable sources of heterogeneity. The meta-analysis was performed using the “Metaprop” function in the R package Meta.Results: The overall pooled prevalence of anal, penile, oral, and urethral HPV infection among MSM were 78.11 % (95% CI: 75.50%-80.52%), 36.26% (95% CI: 29.13%–44.05%), 17.33% (95% CI: 13.65%–21.75%), and 15.40% (95% CI: 7.86%–27.97%), respectively. Stratified analyses showed that the prevalences of HPV were significantly higher in HIV-positive than HIV-negative MSM. The most frequent HPV high-risk type detected in the anus, penis, and oral cavity was HPV-16 (20.32%, 4.96%, and 3.16%, respectively). Conclusion: HPV infection is on the dramatic rise in MSM because of high-risk sexual behaviors, strongly suggesting the increased risk of developing HPV-related diseases and malignancies in this population. Among different sexual orientations, male homosexuality is associated with the highest risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections.

Pulmonary Arterial Enlargement in Well-Treated Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Andreas D Knudsen ◽  
Andreas Ronit ◽  
Thomas Kristensen ◽  
Magda Teresa Thomsen ◽  
Anne-Mette Lebech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Background Pulmonary artery enlargement is a marker of pulmonary hypertension. We aimed to determine the proportion with pulmonary artery enlargement among well-treated persons with human immunodeficiency virus HIV (PWH) and uninfected controls. Methods PWH with a chest computed tomography were included from the ongoing Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection (COCOMO) study. Age and sex-matched uninfected controls were recruited from the Copenhagen General Population Study. Pulmonary artery enlargement was defined as a ratio of &gt;1 between the diameter of the main pulmonary artery (at the level of its bifurcation) and the diameter of the ascending aorta. Results In total, 900 PWH were included, and 44 (5%) had a pulmonary artery–aorta ratio (PA:A) &gt;1. After adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index, obesity (adjusted odds ratio, 4.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.76–10.65; P = .001) and injection drug use (IDU) (4.90; 1.00–18.46; P = .03) were associated with higher odds of having a PA:A &gt;1, and pulmonary indices and smoking status were not. HIV seropositivity was borderline associated with a PA:A &gt;1 (adjusted odds ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, .92–3.85; P = .08). Conclusions A PA:A &gt;1 was common in PWH. Obesity and IDU were independently associated with this finding and HIV serostatus was borderline associated with it, but HIV-related factors were not. Increased awareness may be appropriate in obese PWH and those with IDU.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between periodontitis and oral high-risk human papillomavirus infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ali ◽  
Zohra S Lassi ◽  
Kostas Kapellas ◽  
Lisa Jamieson ◽  
Alice R Rumbold
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Oral Hpv ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) is increasing globally. Common oral conditions such as periodontitis may contribute. We undertook a meta-analysis to quantify the association between periodontitis, oral HPV and OPSCCs. Methods Multiple electronic databases were searched until 12 February 2020. Studies conducted in males and/or females aged ≥ 18 years that examined periodontitis, periodontal procedures, oral HPV infection, and where possible, oral cancers, were eligible. Meta-analyses were conducted and the GRADE approach was used to examine the quality of evidence. Results Of 2709 studies identified, 13 met the eligibility criteria. Five studies could be included in the meta-analyses. There was no significant increase in the odds of high-risk oral HPV infection among individuals with confirmed periodontitis (odds ratio 4.71, 95% confidence interval 0.57–38.97). Individuals with periodontitis had a 3.65 times higher odds of having any type of oral HPV infection compared with those without periodontitis (95% confidence interval 1.67–8.01). The overall body of evidence was rated as low to very-low certainty. Conclusion Meta-analysis confirms there is a positive association between periodontitis and oral HPV infection, although the overall quality of this evidence is low. Evidence for an association between periodontitis and high-risk oral HPV infection is inconclusive.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Mycoplasma genitalium Infection Among Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in South Africa: A Prospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 873-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason J Ong ◽  
Mahlape Precious Magooa ◽  
Admire Chikandiwa ◽  
Helen Kelly ◽  
Marie-Noelle Didelot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract This prospective cohort study of 622 women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from Johannesburg (2012) detected Mycoplasma genitalium in 7.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.5–9.7, 46/622), with detection more likely with lower CD4 counts(adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.02 per 10 cells/μL decrease, 95% CI: 1.00–1.03) and higher plasma HIV-1 RNA (AOR 1.15 per log copies/mL increase, 95% CI: 1.03–1.27). No mutations for macrolide/quinolone resistance was detected.

Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus in men attending an Italian sexual health clinic

Sexual Health ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Drago ◽  
Astrid Herzum ◽  
Giulia Ciccarese ◽  
Roberto Bandelloni
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Oral Hpv ◽  
Sex With Men

A high-risk population, formed by 79 consecutive male attendees of our sexually transmissible infections clinic, and who did not have any overt signs of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, were examined. Oral HPV prevalence (37%) was much higher than previously reported. Periurethral HPV-DNA was found in 49% of the patients and anal HPV-DNA was found in 43% of the patients. Considering the high prevalence of oral HPV obtained in the current study, it is important to further investigate the burden of oral HPV, not only in men who have sex with men, but also in heterosexual men and in women.

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