Failed Futures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Laski
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
First Century ◽  
Democratic Ideal ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century

This chapter examines the uses of the unfulfilled in the writings of Charles W. Chesnutt and Sutton E. Griggs. While both authors sought politically progressive ends, Chesnutt and Griggs deployed different strategies to navigate the discourses of “pessimism” and “optimism” that marked turn-of-the-twentieth-century debates about the future of the race. Whereas Griggs believed that bringing about a better future for black Americans required representing this future in the present, Chesnutt staged its failure in order to realize a future that might not fail. Specifically, in The Colonel’s Dream, Chesnutt addresses the nation’s failures to approximate the democratic ideal. He thus anticipates the twenty-first-century debate between Afro-pessimism and black optimism. By intensifying the pessimism in Afro-pessimism, Chesnutt insists that forecasting the failed future is necessary for realizing any better tomorrow. Accordingly, he clarifies the links between Afro-pessimism and black optimism, revealing these not as opposites but as critical coproducers.

“Working the Waves”: The Plebeian Culture and Moral Economy of Traditional Basque Fishing Brotherhoods

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hess
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
First Century ◽  
Artisanal Fishing ◽  
Collective Voice ◽  
Ecological Balance ◽  
The Future ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Waves

Although by the twentieth century, industrial-capitalist fishing methods were already disrupting the Basque fishing brotherhoods (cofradías), the collective voice of the fishermen and their communities, artisanal fishing, and the traditional customs surrounding it managed to survive for a few more decades. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, however, the future for local Basque fishermen looks bleak. Due to factors beyond their control, the brotherhoods, which for a long time guaranteed both an ecological balance in the sea and common wealth among the fishermen, have become totally defunct.

The Future of the Public Company

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Cheffins
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Company ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century

The seventh and concluding chapter of The Public Company Transformed extrapolates from trends the previous chapters have identified to speculate on the future trajectory of the public company. Salient developments from the 2010s are taken into account, with particular emphasis being placed on those implying a path different from what would be anticipated given events occurring from the mid-twentieth century through to the opening decade of the twenty-first century. This chapter argues radical departures from present day arrangements are unlikely any time soon. For instance, recent predictions of the imminent demise of the public company appear to be wide of the mark. That means the transformation of the public company the book has described should end up being part of a larger story yet to be written rather than being a public company epitaph.

America's Pragmatic Role?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Avant
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
International Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Leadership ◽  
First Century ◽  
Global Leader ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century

Abstract What has made the United States a global leader? Though analysts often attribute American success to a combination of resources and ideas, a subtle undercurrent in these arguments points to pragmatism and the creativity it often generates as an important part of the story. First theorized by American philosophers in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, pragmatism emphasizes that creativity can reshape how we see norms and interests to make cooperation more likely. After discussing the basic elements of pragmatism and its intersection with prominent international relations arguments, I show how the creativity that pragmatism envisions appears in each of these books. Though the collected authors do not label themselves as pragmatists, piecing these pragmatic elements together demonstrates the importance of creativity for key global leadership moments in the twentieth century, as well as important, if under-appreciated, governance innovations in the twenty-first century. It also offers insights into how the United States might move into the future.

Automythology

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-56
Author(s):  
Jimmy Beaulieu
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
International Level ◽  
Collective Work ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Set Up

A brief historical overview considers a number of factors that were not propitious for the development of a home-grown comics culture in Quebec (notwithstanding the popularity of a few noteworthy artists) including the impossibility of competing with cheaper American production, and the ambient conservatism that dominated much of the twentieth century. Beaulieu goes on to describe the shock and excitement of his discovery in the mid-1990s of an alternative comics scene (more active in Montreal than in Quebec City), and his own involvement in it from the beginning of the twenty-first century as an artist, publisher and teacher. He offers a firsthand account of the realities of negotiating the pressures of alternative comics publishing within the two structures that he set up: Mécanique Générale and the smaller and (still) more radical Colosse. There are pleasures: the ethos of collective work, the opportunity to support up-and-coming young authors and to ensure the survival of work by an illustrious predecessor, invitations to take part in productive exchanges on a local, national and international level, and the sheer obsessive pursuit of perfectionism. But there are also frustrations: the never-ending grind of getting manuscripts ready for the printer, wearying battles with publishers' reps, the constant need to manage the expectations of authors and the skewing of the market by competitors prepared to outsource printing to Asia. The author explains his decision finally to withdraw from his publishing commitments and to focus on his own work. His conclusion, about the future of comic production in Quebec, is, however, optimistic and devoid of cynicism.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Zahavi
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Critical Theory ◽  
First Century ◽  
Husserlian Phenomenology ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Forward Looking

How should one assess Husserl’s legacy? One possibility is to study the influence he has exerted on the development of twentieth-century philosophy. That the influence has been immense can hardly be disputed. This is not to say, of course, that everybody agreed with him; but the fact that subsequent phenomenologists, including Heidegger, Ingarden, Schutz, Fink, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty, Levinas, Gadamer, Ricœur, Derrida, Henry, and Marion, as well as leading theorists from a whole range of other traditions, including hermeneutics, critical theory, deconstruction, and post-structuralism, felt a need to react and respond to Husserl’s project and program testifies to his importance. We can, however, contrast this more backward-looking approach with a more forward-looking appraisal of Husserl’s legacy, one that basically asks the following question: ‘What are the future prospects of Husserlian phenomenology?’ Or to put it differently, ‘Does Husserlian phenomenology remain relevant for philosophy in the twenty-first century?’ These are, of course, huge questions, and there are again different ways one might go about trying to answer them....

scholarly journals Divorced Eggs and the Culinary Field: Bourdieu, Field Theory, and the Chef

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Jed Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The 1960S

In this article I seek to utilise Bourdieu’s field theory to examine the relation between the artistic and culinary fields. I examine how the field has changed since the mid-twentieth century and how, since the 1960s, the autonomy of the chef drastically changed the culinary field. Focusing upon elite chefs of the twenty-first century, such as Ferran Adrià and Massimo Bottura, I analyse how European haute cuisine has developed and how dialogues between the chef and diner have become a defining feature of contemporary haute cuisine. Overall I examine how this autonomy occurred and what it potentially means for haute cuisine in the future. Throughout, I reference the concepts of Bourdieu’s field theory, legitimation, and heteronomy/autonomy to explain how these changes within the culinary field occurred and what it means for the field.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Cooper ◽  
H. Gibbs Knotts
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
First Century ◽  
Southern Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century

The concluding chapter ties together key findings from previous chapters, highlights the book’s theoretical contributions, building on the social identity literature reviewed in chapter 1. The concluding chapter reinforces the idea that southern identity remains, but that the shape of twenty-first century southern identity is different from twentieth-century identity. The concluding chapter closes with a discussion of the future of southern identity and a prediction that regionalism and regional distinctiveness will only become more pronounced in an increasingly interconnected world.

The Inward Turn and the Future of Tort Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Abraham ◽  
George E. White
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Tort Law ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
First Century ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Data Theft ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
American Society

Abstract The future of tort theory cannot be sensibly imagined without understanding its past. Our aim is to understand where tort theory has been in order to predict where it may go. We contend that tort theory has experienced two different eras, and that it may well be about to enter a third. In the first era, spanning roughly the first three-quarters of the twentieth century, tort theory faced outward to the world, focusing on issues affecting redress for civil injuries that were being decided in the courts and emerging in American society at large. In the second era, roughly the last 30 to 40 years, tort theory turned inward and focused mostly on itself. The tort theory that has been done during this second era, valuable though it has been, may well have borne most of its scholarly fruit. We may therefore be ready to move into a third era, in which tort theory turns outward again and becomes occupied with the cutting-edge issues of tort law policy and principle that will be generated as the twenty-first century progresses. This Essay chronicles the first era, in which tort theory faced outward, the second era, in which tort theory turned inward, and identifies three issues that we believe may be on the tort theory agenda, when and if tort theory turns outward again. These involve the coordination and systematization of tort with other sources of regulation and compensation; redressing data theft and digital invasions of privacy; and heightened sensitivity to harm associated with sex, gender, and race-related misconduct.

scholarly journals Corporate headquarters in the twenty-first century: an organization design perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Kunisch ◽  
Markus Menz ◽  
David Collis
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Organization Design ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
First Century ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Corporate Headquarters ◽  
Special Collection ◽  
Design Perspective ◽  
Twenty First Century

Abstract The corporate headquarters (CHQ) of the multi-business enterprise, which emerged as the dominant organizational form for the conduct of business in the twentieth century, has attracted considerable scholarly attention. As the business environment undergoes a fundamental transition in the twenty-first century, we believe that understanding the evolving role of the CHQ from an organization design perspective will offer unique insights into the nature of business activity in the future. The purpose of this article, in keeping with the theme of the Journal of Organization Design Special Collection, is thus to invigorate research into the CHQ. We begin by explicating four canonical questions related to the design of the CHQ. We then survey fundamental changes in the business environment occurring in the twenty-first century, and discuss their potential implications for CHQ design. When suitable here we also refer to the contributions published in our Special Collection. Finally, we put forward recommendations for advancements and new directions for future research to foster a deeper and broader understanding of the topic. We believe that we are on the cusp of a change in the CHQ as radical as that which saw its initial emergence in the late nineteenth/early twentieth century. Exactly what form that change will take remains for practitioners and researchers to inform.

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