Crossing Niagara (1846–51)

2020 ◽  
pp. 319-343
Author(s):  
Richard Haw

Ellet’s time at Niagara was packed with incident. He built a pulley system between the two shores, to which he attached an iron basket so as to transfer men, materials, and paying tourists across the chasm. He then used his swinging basket to build a temporary suspension bridge, built of wood and wire. The plan was to turn the temporary bridge into a permanent structure, but relations between Ellet and the Bridge Company quickly deteriorated. The company fired Ellet during one of his scheduled absences and took command of his bridge. Ellet’s agents subsequently retook the span, posting an armed guard and cannon at the bridge’s entrance. The standoff was eventually resolved through the courts. Ellet was paid off. John, who had avidly followed the whole episode and spent his time writing a series of articles for the press on a range of subjects, from the Atlantic Cable to a national university for technical education, was brought in.

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Діана Каліщук

У статті розглянуті мовленнєві маніпуляції як інструментальне вираження персуазивності у мовленні. Маніпуляцію розглядають як особливу комунікативно-мовленнєву стратегію здійснення впливу в політичному дискурсі, яка реалізується через низку тактик. Вибір тактик зазнає впливу концептуального стилю автора політичного дискурсу. У статті проаналізовані тактики реалізації стратегії негативної презентації «інших», зокрема, тактики «Надгенералізація» та «Екземпліфікація», як маркери концептуальних стилів президентів США Дж. Буша мол. та Б. Обами. Доведено, що особливості мовлення носіїв різних стилів зумовлюють вищу частотність певних тактик та, відповідно, нижчу частотність інших тактик. Тактика «Екземпліфікація» – це перенесення рис, що притаманні певній етнічній (чи іншій) групі загалом на конкретну подію чи особу. Ця тактика може вважатися типовою для дискурсу Дж. Буша мол., концептуальний стиль якого є аналітичним, що пояснюється дедуктивністю мовлення носіїв аналітичного стилю та їх схильністю до надмірного використання ярликів. Індуктивність мовлення Б. Обами, який є носієм реляційного концептуального стилю, пояснює вищу частотність тактики «Надгенералізація» у його дискурсі. «Надгенералізація» – це узагальнення одиничної моделі, певних аспектів часткового досвіду до загальної групової схеми. ЛітератураReferences Бережанська Ю. В. Лінгвостилістичні особливості персуазивного медичногодискурсу, присвяченого проблемі евтаназії // Наукові записки Національногоуніверситету «Острозька академія». Серія «Філологічна»: зб. наук. праць. 2014. Вип.44. С. 39–41.Berezhanska, Yu. (2014). Linhvostylistychni osoblyvosti persuazyvnoho medychnohodyskursu, prysvyachenoho problemi evtanasii [Linguo-stylistic peculiarities of medicaldiscourse dedicated to the issue of eutanasia]. Naukovi Zapysky NatsionalnohoUniversytetu “Ostroz’ka Academia”, 44, 39–41. Голоднов А. В. Лингвопрагматические особенности персуазивной коммуникации (напримере современной немецкоязычной рекламы). Автореф. дис. ... канд. филол.наук: 10.02.01. СПб., 2003.Golodnov, A. V. (2003) Lingvopragmaticheskiye osbennosti persuazivnoy kommunikatsii(na primere sovremmennoy nemetsoyazychnoy reklamy) [Lingvopragmatic peculiarities ofpersuasive communication (based on the German-speaking advertisements)]. ExtendedAbstarct of Ph.D. dissertation. St. Petersburg. Дейк Т. А. ван. Дискурс и власть: Репрезентация доминирования в языке икоммуникации/ Т. А. ван Дейк ; [пер. с англ.]. М.: Книжный дом «ЛИБРОКОМ»,2013.Dijk, T. van. (2013). Diskurs i Vlast’: Reprezentatsiya Domimirovaniya v Yazyke iKommunikatsiyi [Discourse and Power: Representation of Dominance in the Languageand Communication]. Moscow: Librokom. Доценко Е. Л. Психология манипуляции: феномены, механизмы и защита. СПб.:Речь, 2004.Dotsenko, Ye. (2004). Psikhologiya manipuliatsiyi: fenomeny, mekhanizmy i zashchita[Psychology of manipulation: phenomena, mechanisms and protection]. St. Petersburg:Rech’. Засєкіна Л. В., Засєкін С. В. Психолінгвістична діагностика. Луцьк: РВВ «Вежа»,2008.Zasiekina, L., Zasiekin, S. (2008). Psycholinhvistychna Diahnostyka [PsycholinguisticDiagnostics]. Lutsk: Vezha”. Ильченко М. Л. Метакоммуникативные тактики доминирования в американскомэлекторальном дискурсе (на материале предвыборных теледебатов) // Проблемылингвистики и лингводидактики. Вып. 1. Под ред. С. А. Моисеевой, Л. Г. Петровой.Белгород: ИПЦ «ПОЛИТЕРРА», 2013. С. 88–96.Ilchenko, M. (2013). Metakommunikativnyie taktiki dominirovaniya v amerakanskomelectoralnom diskurse (na materiale predvybornykh teledebatov) [Metacommunicative tactics of domination in American electoral discourse (based on pre-election debates)].Problemy Lingvistiki i Lingvodidaktiki, 1, 88–96. Калита А. А., Тараненко Л. И. Речевая манипуляция: определение, функция,механизм реализации // Вісник Харківського національного університету іменіВ. Н. Каразіна. Серія «Романо-германська філологія. Методика викладанняіноземних мов». 2012. № 1022. Вип. 71. С. 10–19.Kalyta, A., Taranenko, L. (2012). Rechevaya manipulyatsiya: opredeleniye, funktsiya,mekhanizm realizatsii [Speech manipulation: definition, function, mechanisms ofrealisation]. Bulletin of V. Karazin National University of Kharkiv, 71(1022), 10–19. Молодыченко Е. Н. Создание образа врага как персуазивная стратегияамериканского политического дискурса: когнитивный и лингвопрагматическийанализ: на материале публичных речей политических деятелей 1960–2008 гг:Автореф. дис. … канд. филол. наук: 10.02.04. С.-Петербург, 2010.Molodychenko, Ye. (2010). Sozdaniye obraza vraga kak persuazivnaya strategiiaamerikanskogo politicheskogo diskursa: kognitivnyy i lingvopragmaticheskii analiz: namaterial publichnykh rechey politicheskikh deyateley 1960–2008 [Enemy Image Creationas Persuasive Strategy of American Political Discourse: Cognitive and Lingual-PragmaticAnalysis: Based on Public Speeches of Politicians of 1960–2008]. Extended Abstract ofPh.D. dissertation. St. Petersburg. Серажим К. С. Дискурс як соціолінгвальне явище: методологія, архітектоніка,варіативність (на матеріалах сучасної газетної публіцистики): монографія / за ред.В. Різуна)]. Київ, 2002.Serazhym, K. (2002). Dyskurs Yak Sotsiolinhvalne Yavyshche: Metodolohiya,Arkhitektonika, Variatyvnist’ (Na Materialakh Suchasnoii Hazetnoii Publitsystyky)[Discourse as Sociolingual Phenomenon: Methodology, Archirectonics, Variability (Basedon Modern Newspaper Discourse)], V. Rizun, ed. Kyiv. Чернявская В. Е. Дискурс власти и власть дискурса: проблемы речевоговоздействия: учеб. пособие. М.: Флинта; Наука, 2006.Chernyavskaya, V. (2006). Diskurs Vlasti i Vlast’ Diskursa: Problemy RechevogoVozdeystviya [Discorse of Power and Power of Discourse: Issues of Speech Influence].Moscow: Flinta; Nauka. Cohen, R. (1969). Conceptual styles, culture conflict, and nonverbal tests of intelligence.American Anthropologist, 71(5), 828–856. Sources Nation and World. Transcript of President George W. Bush’s «Mission Accomplished»Speech. Retrieved from: http://pix11.com/2013/04/30/transcript-of-president-george-wbushs-mission-accomplished-speech/#axzz2k5GVjca0 President Bush Discusses the Middle East. July 16, 2007. Retrieved from: https://2001-2009.state.gov/p/nea/rls/rm/2007/ 88506.htm President Obama’s Full Campaign Kickoff Speech. May 05, 2012. Retrieved from:http://articles.latimes.com/2012/may/05/news/la-pn-transcript-obama-campaign-kickoff20120505 Statement by the President on Ukraine. July 18, 2014. Retrieved from:http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/07 /18/statement-president-ukraine State of the Union Address. January 23, 2007. Retrieved from :http://millercenter.org/president/speeches/detail/4455 State of the Union 2012: Obama Speech Transcript. January 25, 2012. Retrieved from:http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/state-of-the-union-2012-obama-speechexcerpts/2012/01 /24/gIQA9D3QOQ_story.html War and Appeasement. Barack Obama Speech on Bush, McCain, War and Appeasementin Watertown, South Dakota. 2008. Retrieved from: http://irregulartimes.com/index.php/archives/2008/05/16/text-transcript-of-barack-obama-speech-on-bush-mccainwar-and-appeasement-in-watertown-south-dakota-on-may-16-2008/


2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanne Missingham ◽  
Lorena Kanellopoulos

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of libraries and university presses and to present the Australian National University (ANU) Press and Library as a case study of successful structural integration. Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyses current debates about libraries as structural centres for running university presses. Taking into consideration the major areas of debate, the methodology used is to analyse the operation of the press; compare the financial parameters to two traditional Australian university presses; analyse the policy and procedures of the press; review the benefits to the university, library and press of the current operation; and outline issues for the future. Findings – Over the past 10 years, the ANU Press has developed into a major producer of open access scholarly outputs. The relationship with the Library has enabled a sharing of information, joint work on issues such as access and copyright and a platform from which integrated support for scholarly communication can occur. Research limitations/implications – The article is a detailed case study of the ANU Press. Further studies could compare the operations of other university presses that are located within universities and analyse the fit of different models. Practical implications – The model used at ANU has been used to develop two other presses in Australia, with some modifications. It can be used by other universities. Originality/value – Establishing libraries as the structural home for university presses is an area of hotly contested debate. This is a systematic review of a model of a press located within a library. It has resulted in both internal cooperation within the scholarly communication paradigm and a research impact of approximately one million downloads a year. It provides insights into the role of libraries in scholarly communication that have been the basis of assertions in current debate, providing information that will support further experimentation and more informed discussions.


2020 ◽  
pp. 52-72
Author(s):  
Richard Haw

Back in Mühlhausen, John became friends with Johann Etzler, who had spent the last seven years in the Americas, where he hoped to establish a communal farming and manufacturing settlement somewhere. He’d come home explicitly to recruit young Germans to accompany him back across the Atlantic. To the force of Etzler’s personality were added two decisive events. In May 1830, John saw his first suspension bridge in Bamberg, and two months later the July revolution broke out in Paris. John’s response to the uncertainty was to team up with Etzler and form the Mühlhausen Emigration Society. Together they drew up a plan for settlement; wrote a pamphlet, “A General Overview of the United States of North America for Emigrants, With a Plan Toward a Communal Settlement There”; and waged a promotional campaign in the press designed to recruit like-minded emigrants.


Crisis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Batterham ◽  
Alison L. Calear ◽  
Helen Christensen

Background: There are presently no validated scales to adequately measure the stigma of suicide in the community. The Stigma of Suicide Scale (SOSS) is a new scale containing 58 descriptors of a “typical” person who completes suicide. Aims: To validate the SOSS as a tool for assessing stigma toward suicide, to examine the scale’s factor structure, and to assess correlates of stigmatizing attitudes. Method: In March 2010, 676 staff and students at the Australian National University completed the scale in an online survey. The construct validity of the SOSS was assessed by comparing its factors with factors extracted from the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire (SOQ). Results: Three factors were identified: stigma, isolation/depression, and glorification/normalization. Each factor had high internal consistency and strong concurrent validity with the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire. More than 25% of respondents agreed that people who suicided were “weak,” “reckless,” or “selfish.” Respondents who were female, who had a psychology degree, or who spoke only English at home were less stigmatizing. A 16-item version of the scale also demonstrated robust psychometric properties. Conclusions: The SOSS is the first attitudes scale designed to directly measure the stigma of suicide in the community. Results suggest that psychoeducation may successfully reduce stigma.


1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell H. Weigel ◽  
Jeffrey J. Pappas
Keyword(s):  

1966 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 382-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEF BROŽEK ◽  
JIŘÍ HOSKOVEC
Keyword(s):  

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