What Is the Knowledge We Need?

We the Gamers ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Karen Schrier
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Public Life ◽  
World Knowledge ◽  
White House ◽  
The Real ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
Types Of Knowledge

Chapter 4 describes the type of civics and ethics knowledge necessary to learn, including the real- world structures, processes, and institutions of public life. It also includes ethical frameworks and approaches such as hedonism or utilitarianism, or virtues and moral habits. This knowledge forms the foundation for being able to civically engage and participate in society. The chapter also includes an overview of why gaining knowledge is necessary, what types of knowledge are necessary, and why games may support this. It also includes the limitations of using games to convey knowledge, and how to minimize those limitations. Finally, it reviews strategies that teachers can take to use games to build real-world knowledge. The chapter opens with the example Executive Command and also shares three examples in action: Win the White House, PolitiCraft, and Fable III.

scholarly journals Ethics of identity in the time of big data

First Monday ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Brusseau
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Personal Identity ◽  
Real World ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Question ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
The Real ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
Big Data Technology

Compartmentalizing our distinct personal identities is increasingly difficult in big data reality. Pictures of the person we were on past vacations resurface in employers’ Google searches; LinkedIn which exhibits our income level is increasingly used as a dating web site. Whether on vacation, at work, or seeking romance, our digital selves stream together. One result is that a perennial ethical question about personal identity has spilled out of philosophy departments and into the real world. Ought we possess one, unified identity that coherently integrates the various aspects of our lives, or, incarnate deeply distinct selves suited to different occasions and contexts? At bottom, are we one, or many? The question is not only palpable today, but also urgent because if a decision is not made by us, the forces of big data and surveillance capitalism will make it for us by compelling unity. Speaking in favor of the big data tendency, Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg promotes the ethics of an integrated identity, a single version of selfhood maintained across diverse contexts and human relationships. This essay goes in the other direction by sketching two ethical frameworks arranged to defend our compartmentalized identities, which amounts to promoting the dis-integration of our selves. One framework connects with natural law, the other with language, and both aim to create a sense of selfhood that breaks away from its own past, and from the unifying powers of big data technology.

scholarly journals Foreign Policy in the Real World: The Obama Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (55) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Joseph Marques
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Real World ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
White House ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World

O texto apresenta a análise de livros escritos por três ex-assessores do governo Barack Obama - Tough Love: My Story of the Things Worth Fighting For, de Susan Rice, The Education of an Idealist: A Memoir , de Samantha Power e The World as It Is: A Memoir of the Obama White House, de Ben Rhodes -, e busca demonstrar como todos eles conseguem apresentar muitos dos debates internos daquela administração, bem como revelar as limitações de sua política externa. 

scholarly journals Children's spontaneous inferences about time and causality in narrative

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine A Tillman ◽  
Nestor Tulagan ◽  
Jess Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Temporal Relations ◽  
World Knowledge ◽  
Causal Relations ◽  
The Real

How do children understand the temporal and causal relations among events in a narrative? We explored the roles of (a) connectives like before and because, (b) clause order, and (c) world knowledge in supporting children's inferences about causal and temporal relations in narrative. We told 3- to 7-year-old children stories containing two events. We then surprised them by asking them to retell the stories, to test what they remembered about the relations between events. Children attended to and recalled the causal and temporal relations from the stories. They were also sensitive to the ordering of the clauses in the stories, and to their plausibility: Children were more likely to modify their retellings when the events in the story were not described chronologically, or if the causal relations described were inconsistent with children’s knowledge of the real world. These tendencies interacted with the specific connectives in the story and their positioning.

scholarly journals Wokół kultury umysłowej w Polsce — jej źródła i przejawy

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-123
Author(s):  
Andrzej Zybała
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Intellectual Culture ◽  
Rational Analysis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
High Level ◽  
Modern Form ◽  
Lasting Influence ◽  
Radical Form

The author defines intellectual culture as a tendency to base decisions on objective analyses or the habit of investigating issues analytically. In the broader sense, intellectual culture may be considered to be the way the collective reacts to phenomena that appear in the real world. A high level of intellectual culture, in the author’s opinion, is shown by a modern form of thinking manifested in the ability to make use of abstracts and to take into account alternative systems of constructing opinions. On the basis of selected analyses of Polish scholars the author advances the hypothesis that Poland has failed to form proper institutional mechanisms favoring rational analysis in public life. The author demonstrates that this is the result of many factors, such as the long-lasting model of Sarmatian customs (including its providentialism), the strong and lasting influence of a radical form of romanticism, and also the nugatory influence of Enlightenment and positivist models. These factors have been accompanied by the unsuitability of educational and scholarly institutions, the delayed development of modern forms of economics, which force the use of rational calculations, and a structure of society that does not favor exchanges of ideas and deliberation.

scholarly journals Smith in Theory and Practice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Tebbe
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Similar Argument ◽  
Proper Place ◽  
Empirical Claim ◽  
The Real ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Lower Courts

32 Cardozo Law Review 2055 (2011)Employment Division v. Smith controversially held that general laws that were neutral toward religion would no longer be presumptively invalid, regardless of how much they incidentally burdened religious practices. That decision sparked a debate that continues today, twenty years later. This symposium Essay explores the argument that subsequent courts have in fact been less constrained by the principal rule of Smith than advocates on both sides of the controversy usually assume. Lower courts administering real world disputes often find they have all the room they need to grant relief from general laws, given exceptions written into the decision itself and other mechanisms for circumventing its main rule. While this brief piece does not attempt to prove the empirical claim that Smith has had a limited real-world impact, it gives reasons to think that it might be accurate. Moreover, it tests a similar argument with respect to scholarship, suggesting that even theorists who are sympathetic to Smith nevertheless are more willing to agree to exemptions in particular scenarios than is commonly realized, although important differences of degree and kind still separate them from opponents of the decision and from each other. The Conclusion offers one reason to celebrate this Essay’s depiction of how Smith actually operates, assuming it is correct: Raising awareness of its flexibility in the real world could lower the stakes of the ongoing national conflict over the proper place of religion in American public life.

Processing real-world violations embedded within a fantasy-world narrative

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 2282-2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erinn K Walsh ◽  
Anne E Cook ◽  
Edward J O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Target Sentence ◽  
World Knowledge ◽  
Global Level ◽  
The Real ◽  
Fantasy World ◽  
Contextual Support ◽  
Processing Difficulty

Fantasy-text is a genre in which events routinely violate rules we know to be true in the real world. In four experiments, we explored the inherent contradiction between unrealistic fictional events and general world knowledge (GWK) to examine these competing information sources within the context of an extended fantasy-narrative. Experiments 1a and 1b demonstrated that fantasy-unrelated inconsistencies caused disruption to comprehension despite an abundance of contextual support for real-world impossible events that violate GWK. Experiment 2a demonstrated that fantasy-related inconsistencies caused disruption when they occurred at the local level and the fantasy-context stood in direct opposition to the target sentence. However, Experiment 2b demonstrated that disruption can be initially eliminated when readers encountered fantasy-related violations at the global level, but delayed-processing difficulty occurred on the spillover sentence, downstream of the target sentence. All four experiments are discussed within the context of the RI-Val model.

Current Issues: Evidence-Based Practice for the Real World: Thoughts on Clinical Education in Communication Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne K. Bothe
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Education ◽  
Real World ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Real ◽  
Language Pathology

This article presents some streamlined and intentionally oversimplified ideas about educating future communication disorders professionals to use some of the most basic principles of evidence-based practice. Working from a popular five-step approach, modifications are suggested that may make the ideas more accessible, and therefore more useful, for university faculty, other supervisors, and future professionals in speech-language pathology, audiology, and related fields.

The Real-World Fellowship

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
LEE SAVIO BEERS
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Real
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