Practices of Projection

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Film Studies ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Moving Image ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Magic Lantern ◽  
Holistic Manner

This volume makes an intervention in the fields of film studies and visual culture by examining projection as a pivotal element in the continuing technological becoming of media systems. The chapters come together to paint a picture of projection that incorporates a range of practices across time and space. From studies of travelling projectionists in early twentieth-century Scotland and modern-day Uruguay to considerations of the (almost) lost mediums of the slide-tape and the magic lantern, the authors invite us to consider the varied nature of the technologies, apparatuses, practices, and histories of projection in a holistic manner. In doing so, the volume departs from the psychological metaphors of projection often employed by apparatus theory, instead emphasizing the performative character of the moving image and the labour of the various actors involved in the utterance of such texts.

‘Into Unknown Country’: Cinematicity and Intermedial Translation in Mansfield’s Fictional Journeys

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faye Harland
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Media ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Visual Effects ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Cultural Perceptions ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Written Word

This chapter examines the intermedial qualities of Mansfield’s fiction as a form of translation, suggesting that her work draws upon the new technologies of rail travel and the cinema in order to explore changing perceptions of the modern world. Mansfield’s fiction is aligned with early twentieth century visual culture, adapting the visual effects of various new media into written word. The chapter also discusses the connection between translation and transposition, examining the liminal journeys undertaken by Mansfield’s characters in terms of exile, subjective vision, and cultural perceptions of time and space.

Cather, Willa Siebert (1873–1947)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneva M. Gano
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Willa Cather ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Tradition ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
High Culture ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Future

Willa Cather was a major U.S. novelist active in the early twentieth century. Cather claimed a wide audience of admirers, including literary critics, writers and artists, and popular readers. Her relationship to modernism, however, is a contested one. Her reverence for the European masters of high culture, her tendency to look ‘backwards’ rather than to the future, and her simple, ‘unfurnished’ style distance her work philosophically and aesthetically from some of the most iconic modernist writers in the Western tradition. However, it must be remembered that modernism developed differentially across time and space; this insight allows us to see Cather as an important representative of the emergence of early modernism within the United States.

“Humor Ill-Advised, If Not Altogether Tasteless?”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phoebe Wolfskill
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Black Identity ◽  
Collective Mind ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Racial Stereotype ◽  
Historical Representations

Chapter 4 examines the ways in which caricature and stereotype informed articulations of African Americans in early twentieth-century art and visual culture. Although many artists embraced stereotypical figuration during this period for immediate readability, the appearance of caricatured figuration in the work of Motley and many of his contemporaries raises questions about the weight of historical representations of blackness within the collective mind. This chapter considers the use of caricature in relation to modernist forms of distortion and exaggeration, the persistence and relative acceptance of racial stereotype in visual culture—particularly as a satirical device—and the various subjectivities that come to play in defining methods of representation as acceptable or harmful. While emphasizing the variety of opinions constituting affirmative portrayals of blackness, a debate that played out in literature as well as art, this chapter explores how representations of black identity continued to rely on stereotype despite the discourse of racial reinvention.

The Residential Segregation of Immigrants in the United States from 1850 to 1940

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 989-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Eriksson ◽  
Zachary Ward
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Slow Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Do So

We provide the first estimates of immigrant residential segregation between 1850 and 1940 that cover the entire United States and are consistent across time and space. To do so, we adapt the Logan–Parman method to immigrants by measuring segregation based on the nativity of the next-door neighbor. In addition to providing a consistent measure of segregation, we also document new patterns such as high levels of segregation in rural areas, in small factory towns and for non-European sources. Early twentieth-century immigrants spatially assimilated at a slow rate, leaving immigrants’ lived experience distinct from natives for decades after arrival.

scholarly journals Marketing Circus through Personalization: Class and the Celebrity Images of John Ringling and Bertram Mills

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-215
Author(s):  
Kate Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Financial Success ◽  
Public Identity ◽  
Emotional Connection ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Commercial Enterprise ◽  
The University

Marketing strategies today often rely on creating an emotional connection to the brand through personalizing or humanizing the business. This article explores how both the American Ringling Bros and Barnum & Bailey and the British Bertram Mills Circus used this strategy in the early twentieth century to encourage audiences to attend their circus rather than any other. John Ringling and Bertram Mills may best be remembered for totemic images but their celebrity was constructed through a reiterative performance process. In this article Kate Holmes examines the shifts in their representation performed in press, publicity, and anecdote to explore how each iteration of their public identity functioned to publicize their respective circuses at significant points. She also explores how these circus celebrity identities, focused on achieving financial success for a commercial enterprise, activated and perpetuated national self-identities linked to class. Kate Holmes, who has previous experience as a qualified marketer, recently completed a PhD in Drama at the University of Exeter. Her research on circus performance has been published in Early Popular Visual Culture and is forthcoming in Stage Women, a collection of essays on early twentieth-century female performers.

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