Legal and Constitutional Theory of the European Union

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-122
Author(s):  
Neil Walker
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Constitutional Theory ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

The chapter’s overview of the constitutional theory and general legal theory of the EU reflects two different manifestations of the still limited cultivation of theory within EU law. The discussion of the relatively crowded field of EU constitutional theory, both explanatory and normative, reveals the abiding importance of the relationship of different positions (affirmative and critical) to the received state tradition of constitutional practice and theory as a distinguishing mark and point of opposition. The discussion of the wider contribution of legal theory to the study of EU legal doctrine more generally is more developmental. While acknowledging work that is explicit and systematic in its theorization, it is mainly concerned with how this more sparsely populated intellectual landscape might be filled by teasing out the fuller theoretical significance of the quite different background suppositions—positivist, idealist, culturalist, and pragmatic—of how law works that ground EU legal studies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of direct subsides granted to agricultural produces in Hajdúböszörmény

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Antal Uzonyi ◽  
Péter Horváth
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Lorenz Curve ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Herfindahl Index ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Cr Concentration ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

The accession of Hungary to the EU can be considered a milestone in the life of domestic agriculture, as currently 70% of the income of agricultural producers is funded by agricultural and rural development subsidies. Besides the timeliness of the topic, it is to be highlighted that agriculture has great traditions in Hajdúböszörmény. As a general objective of the study, the relationship of agricultural producers in Hajdúböszörmény with direct subsidies was determined. In the first part of the research, agricultural subsidisation systems of the European Union and Hungary were processed. Subsequently, with regard to Hajdúböszörmény and based on the subsidy-related data available for the period of 2008-2017, subsidies paid during the last 10 years were demonstrated in various breakdowns (resources, funds, settlements and subsidy type). In addition to the above, measurement of the concentration of direct subsidies was realised by means of three concentration indexes (Lorenz curve, CR concentration, Hirschman-Herfindahl index).  

1. The History and Constitutional Basis of the European Union

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Foster
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This chapter considers the rationale for the EU, why it was established, what it is, and some of the difficulties encountered along that path to the present day. The discussions cover the motives for European integration; the founding of the European Communities; the relationship of the UK with the European Communities and Union including the Brexit referendum result and possible consequences; the basic objectives and nature of the European Union; the widening and deepening of the Communities and Union; and future developments and conclusions.

15. The relationship of the UK with the European Union and Brexit

2020 ◽  
pp. 464-506
Author(s):  
Nigel Foster
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Future ◽  
Trade Relationship ◽  
Eu Referendum ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This chapter charts the long association of the UK with the EU. It considers all aspects of this relationship including pre membership, entry to the EC (EU), the first UK EU referendum in 1975 and the relationship over five decades. It considers how EU law was granted supremacy over UK law and how the courts viewed this. It considers the period up to and, including the 2016 UK EU referendum on exiting or remaining in the EU and the immediate consequences of that. Finally, and now most importantly, it looks at the negotiations and means by which the UK legally exited the EU on 31 January and the movement into the next stage of that relationship: the future trade relationship with the EU.

1. The History and Constitutional Basis of the European Union

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-42
Author(s):  
Nigel Foster
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This chapter considers the rationale for the EU, why it was established, what it is, and some of the difficulties encountered along that path to the present day. The discussions cover the motives for European integration; the founding of the European Communities; the relationship of the UK with the European Communities and Union including the Brexit referendum result and possible consequences; the basic objectives and nature of the European Union; the widening and deepening of the Communities and Union; and future developments and conclusions.

scholarly journals Environmental Production Efficiency in the European Union Countries as a Tool for the Implementation of Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4593
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Cheba ◽  
Iwona Bąk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
The European Union ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Taxonomic Methods ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

The main purpose of the paper is to present a proposal to measure the relationships between Goal 7 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and one of the areas considered in the green growth concept: environmental production efficiency. Both of these areas illustrate the relationship between the natural environment and the economy, emphasizing transformations in the field of energy use. Selected taxonomic methods, TOPSIS, and multicriteria taxonomy, were applied to study the relationships between the two areas. The results of the EU countries classification showed a variety of countries’ development pathways within a single economic community. Despite continued attempts to equalize the development levels between European Union countries in many strategic areas, they remain highly diversified. That is also true for the areas analyzed in the paper, which is a disturbing situation, indicating that both strategies might not correlate in all respects. Further research into the relationships linking the remaining dimensions of both strategies is required.

Instrument of Mobilization or a Bridge towards Understanding? Religion and Values in the Reform Process of the European Union

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christof Mandry
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
The Self ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Charter Of Fundamental Rights ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe self-understanding of the Europeans has been profoundly put into question since 1989, and during the EU reform process, 'Europe' was confronted by the task of describing itself anew. In this context, the debate about the significance of the religious patrimony took on a key position in the discourse. The broad public discussions of the preambles to the European Charter of Fundamental Rights and the Treaty establishing a Constitution for the European Union (ECT) indicate that the relationship between religion and political remains a controversial issue. The article argues that the 'preamble disputes' are part and parcel of the European Union's quest for a political identity and that the outcome of the identity debate—the self-description as a 'community of values'—deals in a specific way with this fundamental question.

scholarly journals Age-training gaps in the European Union

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
FIONA CARMICHAEL ◽  
MARCO G. ERCOLANI
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Older People ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training ◽  
Normal Work ◽  
The Eu

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the relationship between age and training in the 15 European Union countries (EU-15) that were member states prior to the 2004 enlargement. The analysis is carried out using European Union Labour Force Survey data. We report cross-country comparisons of the training undertaken by older people (aged 50–64) and younger people (aged 20–49). We extend previous research by adding an analysis of the training undertaken by non-workers as well as that of workers. We also consider whether training is work-related, whether it is undertaken during normal work-hours and the time spent in training. Our results show that across the EU-15 not only are older people less likely to participate in training in general but, more importantly, they are less likely to participate in work-related training. Our evidence suggests that there is considerable scope for raising the training rates of older people and particularly older people who are out of work.

scholarly journals The European Union as a Normative Power on the Example of the EU-Turkey Relations

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Dominika Liszkowska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Normative Power ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this study is to analyze the normative power of the European Union in the relations with Turkey and to answer the question: is the normative power of the European Union effective in relations with Turkey? The work consists of three parts. In the first one, the author analyzes the concept of the European Union as a normative power. The second part is a historical analysis of the relationship between the EU and Turkey. The last part is an analysis of current relations between the European Union (as a Normative Power) and Turkey. The analysis is based on EU’s documents.

3. The relationship between European Union and United Kingdom competition law

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-75
Author(s):  
Sandra Marco Colino
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Competition ◽  
Current Interaction ◽  
Article 50 ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This chapter focuses on the current interaction between European Union and UK law. EU law is currently a source of UK law. However, the relationship between the two regimes is expected to change in the future as a consequence of the UK’s decision to withdraw from the EU. The European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 stipulates that the European Communities Act 1972 will be ‘repealed on exit day’, which would be 29 March 2019 provided that the two-year period since Article 50 TEU was triggered is not extended. Once the European Communities Act 1972 has been repealed, EU law will cease to be a source of UK law. No major immediate changes to the national competition legislation are to be expected, but future reforms could distance the UK system from the EU rules.

6. General principles of law

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna Woods ◽  
Philippa Watson ◽  
Marios Costa
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Charter Of Fundamental Rights ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
General Principles Of Law ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines the development of the general principles by the Court of Justice (CJ) to support the protection of human rights in the European Union (EU) law. It analyses the relationship of the general principles derived from the CJ’s jurisprudence to the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), and the European Charter of Fundamental Rights (EUCFR). It discusses the possible accession of the EU to the ECHR and the implications of Opinion 2/13. It suggests that although the protection of human rights has been more visible since the Lisbon Treaty and there are now more avenues to such protection, it is debatable whether the scope and level of protection has increased.

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