Living for God

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-48
Author(s):  
Ilana M. Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Class Groups ◽  
Concerted Cultivation ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Future Selves

This chapter introduces readers to the childrearing logic of “religious restraint” and distinguishes it from Annette Lareau’s classic class-based childrearing strategies of “concerted cultivation” and “natural growth.” Deeply religious families do not fall into either of Lareau’s categories. Parents who raise their children with religious restraint exist across different social class groups. Children raised with religiously restraint (“abiders”) come to believe in God so deeply that it alters their sense of self—their idea of who they are. Teens believe that they are constantly being evaluated by God, which prompts them to change how they perceive themselves, how they carry themselves, and how they imagine their future selves. Living to please God shapes how teens see themselves and how they behave, which the chapter describes as developing a “God-centered self-concept.” Teens raised with religious restraint who develop a God-centered self-concept come from different genders, social class backgrounds, racial backgrounds, and religious traditions.

Exploring the superficial sense of self-concept clarity

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Guerrettaz Hancock ◽  
Robert M. Arkin
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Concept

Social Class and Code Elaboration in Oral Communication

1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Millicent E. Poole ◽  
T. W. Field
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Class Groups ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Coding

The Bernstein thesis of elaborated and restricted coding orientation in oral communication was explored at an Australian tertiary institute. A working-class/middle-class dichotomy was established on the basis of parental occupation and education, and differences in overall coding orientation were found to be associated with social class. This study differed from others in the area in that the social class groups were contrasted in the totality of their coding orientation on the elaborated/restricted continuum, rather than on discrete indices of linguistic coding.

Greater Right Hemisphericity is Associated with Lower Self-Esteem in Adults

1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1244-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Persinger ◽  
Katherine Makarec
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Developmental History ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
History Of

28 men and 32 women were given Vingiano's Hemisphericity Questionnaire and the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory. People who reported the greatest numbers of right hemispheric indicators displayed the lowest self-esteem; the correlations were moderately strong ( r>.50) for both men and women. These results support the hypothesis that the sense of self is primarily a linguistic, left-hemispheric phenomenon and that a developmental history of frequent intrusion from right-hemispheric processes can infuse the self-concept with negative affect.

scholarly journals A desigualdade invisível: o papel da classe social na criação dos filhos em famílias negras e brancas

2007 ◽  
pp. 13-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Lareau
Keyword(s):  
Natural Growth ◽  
Concerted Cultivation

Apesar de a vida familiar ter um impacto importante nas oportunidades de vida dos filhos, os mecanismos pelos quais os pais transmitem essas vantagens ainda não são totalmente compreendidos. Uma coleta de dados, realizada por meio de ferramentas etnográficas, com crianças brancas e negras de, aproximadamente, 10 anos de idade mostra os efeitos da classe social nas interações dentro de casa. Pais de classe média participam de um cultivo orquestrado (concerted cultivation), ao tentar cultivar os talentos dos filhos através de atividades de lazer organizadas e intensa racionalização. A classe trabalhadora e os pais pobres promovem um crescimento natural (natural growth), oferecendo condições para que os filhos possam crescer, mas deixando as atividades de lazer para as próprias crianças. Estes pais também usam diretivas em vez de racionalização. Os filhos da classe média, tanto brancos como negros, recebem um sentimento emergente de direito através de sua vida familiar. A raça teve muito menos impacto do que a classe econômica. Além disso, as diferenças na lógica cultural de criação ofereceram aos pais e aos filhos recursos distintos no momento de interação com profissionais de instituições dominantes e com outros adultos fora do ambiente familiar. Os filhos da classe média ganharam individualmente vantagens insignificantes, mas cumulativamente importantes. As classes trabalhadoras e pobres não apresentaram o mesmo sentimento de direito ou suas vantagens. No entanto, algumas áreas da vida familiar pareceram ser livres dos efeitos de classe social.

Fashion and women’s self-concept: a typology for self-fashioning using clothing

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa S. McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Strong Sense ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Identity Motives

Purpose An individual’s identity is defined in the role that they devise for themselves, based on social positions. Examining identity motives can help in understanding what influences one to take on a particular role. Self-esteem is one of the major motivational drivers in determining the role that an individual takes on. Individuals, through self-presentation, are said to be motivated to control the impressions others form of them. In this way, self-concept and fashion innovativeness are linked – with prior research suggesting that those with high levels of fashion innovativeness are also those with a strong sense of self. Where a gap remains, however, in exploring the direction of the relationship between self-concept and being more innovative and fashionable in clothing choices, as well as how individuals reflexively judge their own fashion choices against their perception of others – e.g. can you force yourself to be a fashion leader? The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This study takes a lived experience approach to examine fashion as a tool in establishing social hierarchies amongst women. The study uses depth interviews with ten women to explore the developed self-concept of women actively engaged with fashion consumption. Findings The research presents a typology of fashion identities, exploring notions of security, dominance and innovativeness in self-fashioning using clothing. Research limitations/implications The research is exploratory, and limited to a sample of ten women. However, the study offers a number of key findings to drive future research in this area. Practical implications The research finds that both security of self-concept, in relation to fashion and general self-esteem, as well as insecurity, can motivate women towards fashion independence. This suggests that identity-based marketing is likely to be more successful than lifestyle-based marketing, when selling women’s fashion clothing. Social implications In prior research, self-concept and fashion innovativeness are linked – with prior research suggesting that those with high levels of fashion innovativeness are also those with a strong sense of self. This study finds that those with an insecure sense of self may also exhibit fashion independence, using fashion to acquire social capital. Originality/value This paper illustrates the concept that, unlike previous notions of fashion independence and engagement with fashion, these fashion-involved categorisations of behaviour are not always driven by sophistication, confidence, creativity and low fear of risk. Instead, this study has shown that fashion innovativeness can be motivated by an overarching fear of the outcomes of being judged unfashionable.

Gender literacy: enhancing female self-concept and contributing to the prevention of body dissatisfaction and eating disorders

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Alpert Sigall ◽  
Mary Strouse Pabst
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Female Self ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Troubles Alimentaires ◽  
And Gender

English This article examines the effect of gender inequity in education and gender identity development on self-concept, body dissatisfaction and eating disorders in females and considers the potential impact of the limited access to information about women's lives, history and contributions, and the concomitant focus on culturally defined attractiveness as a basis for self-worth for females. The authors propose a Corrective Education Model to facilitate the achievement of 'gender literacy': an awareness and understanding of those gender-related issues that affect the context and possibilities of girls' and women's lives. The object of this work is to help women and girls feel more powerful and enhance their sense of self beyond the limits of their body size and shape. French Cette étude examine l'impact de l'inégalité des sexes dans l'éducation, de même que l'incidence du développement de l'identité sexuelle sur l'idée de soi, le rejet de son propre corps, et les troubles alimentaires. Elle analyse aussi les conséquences éventuelles de l'accès limité à l'information sur la vie, l'histoire et l'apport des femmes, ainsi que l'importance accordée à l'étalon culturel de la beauté, étalon à l'aune duquel la femme mesure sa propre valeur. Les auteurs proposent un modèle orthopédagogique pour faciliter l'éveil des femmes à leur identité sexuelle: une prise de conscience et une compréhension de la dynamique sexuelle qui influe sur le milieu de vie des femmes et des filles et sur les possibilités qui leur sont offertes. L'objectif de ce travail est d'amener femmes et filles à prendre conscience de leur capacité accrue d'améliorer l'idée qu'elles ont d'elles-mêmes, indépendamment des contraintes de corps, de taille et de forme.

Study abroad and the development of second language identities

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Benson, ◽  
Gary Barkhuizen, ◽  
Peter Bodycott, ◽  
Jill Brown,
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Second Language Proficiency ◽  
Language Identity ◽  
Hong Kong Students ◽  
Identity Based

AbstractMuch of the literature on study abroad outcomes focuses on language proficiency gains or on the influence of identity factors on opportunities for language learning. A smaller number of studies have looked at the influence of study abroad on participants' identities and have highlighted outcomes that might be placed under the heading of second language identity. Based on a review of this literature and a qualitative, narrative-based study of nine Hong Kong students participating in thirteen- and six-week study abroad programmes, this paper examines the construct of second language identity and its susceptibility to development in study abroad. Three main dimensions of second language identity are identified, related to (1) identity-related aspects of second language proficiency, or the ability to function as a person and express desired identities in a second language setting, (2) linguistic self-concept, or sense of self as a learner and user of the second language, and (3) second language-mediated aspects of personal competence. The study found that most of the students reported developments along all three of these dimensions, although there were variations among individuals that were related both to the duration of the programmes and individual goals and purposes.

Gender/Social Class, Family Environments and Adolescents' Aspirations

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Marjoribanks
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Educational Aspirations ◽  
Occupational Aspirations ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Class Groups ◽  
Linear Interaction ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Curvilinear Relationships

This study examined relationships between family environments and the aspirations of 516 South Australian adolescents from six gender/social-class groups. Family environments were assessed initially when the adolescents were 11 years old when measures were obtained of parents' aspirations for their children and of their instrumental and affective orientations to learning. When the adolescents were 16 years old, their perceptions of their parents' support for learning and of their own aspirations were assessed. Regression surfaces were constructed from models that included terms to account for possible linear, interaction and curvilinear relationships. The findings suggested the propositions that parents' aspirations have a direct impact (a) on female adolescents' educational aspirations and (b) on the educational and occupational aspirations of male working-class adolescents, after considering the effect on aspirations of the adolescents' perceptions of parents' support. The results also indicated gender/social-class differences in the relationships between family environments and adolescents' aspirations.

The Terrorism of Islamic Fundamentalists

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169
Author(s):  
Waldemar Zubrzycki
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
General Term ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
The West ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Suicide Attacks ◽  
Islamic Terrorism ◽  
Terrorist Acts

Fundamentalism is a general term denoting religious movements which consider religious traditions to be of the highest importance and are reluctant to introduce any changes which are seen as an infringement of religious identity. Fundamentalism is a characteristic of all religions in the world, however, in the case of Islam — in the recent years — it has often been the cause of terrorist acts. The dogmata of Islam are defined in the Quran, according to which there are five pillars of Islam to which every Muslim has to adhere. The characteristic feature of Islamic fundamentalism is to introduce specific ways of life based on traditional standards described in the Quran, they define social and political aspects of life as well as detachment from the Western way of life. The cause of this is frustration and social dissatisfaction along with a rejection of modern methods and changes proposed by the West. Preaching slogans which encourage fighting against injustice and demoralisation in the name of creating “a better world”, along with a proprietary right to interpret the verses of the Quran, results in the promotion of terrorism, including suicide attacks. The cult of sacrificing one’s own life is treated in Islam as a heroic deed, in which the doer sacrifices what he deems most important. Martyrdom, glory after death, the sense of self-sacrifice for the sake of a divine cause are factors which make Islamic terrorists accept their own demise and this is not considered as the end of their existence but rather its beginning and privileged because of the sacrifice of one’s life for Islam. The foundation of Islamic terrorism is the rivalry between the values of the West and the fundamentalist and traditionalist tendencies of the Arabic countries. Anti-West attitudes together with a politicised version of Islam are major threats not only to both sides but also the whole world.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document