Psycho-Emotional and Economic Resilience: A Case Study of the Widows of the Christian Male Victims of Suicide Attacks on Roman Catholic and Christ Churches in Youhanabad, Lahore

Aim of this study was to examine the psycho-emotional and economic resilience of the widows of the Christians male victims of the suicide attacks on Roman Catholic and Christ churches in Youhanabad Lahore. A qualitative case study was conducted of the widows of to understand how they recovered from the loss. The study exuded that how the widows recovered from the loss of their husband’s with the help of their in-laws. Second, how widows met their economic needs by doing menial jobs, and with the help of aid provided by in-laws. Third, the help provided by the Churches. Living in a society with a Muslim concentration also affects the widows into Forced religion conversion. Furthermore, due to lesser check and balance on male orphans, they also get involved in various criminals’ activities to support their families. The conclusion was the factors helped the widows overcome the psycho-emotional loss and recover economically.

Suicide Bomb Attack Identification and Analytics through Data Mining Techniques

Suicide bomb attacks are a high priority concern nowadays for every country in the world. They are a massively destructive criminal activity known as terrorism where one explodes a bomb attached to himself or herself, usually in a public place, taking the lives of many. Terrorist activity in different regions of the world depends and varies according to geopolitical situations and significant regional factors. There has been no significant work performed previously by utilizing the Pakistani suicide attack dataset and no data mining-based solutions have been given related to suicide attacks. This paper aims to contribute to the counterterrorism initiative for the safety of this world against suicide bomb attacks by extracting hidden patterns from suicidal bombing attack data. In order to analyze the psychology of suicide bombers and find a correlation between suicide attacks and the prediction of the next possible venue for terrorist activities, visualization analysis is performed and data mining techniques of classification, clustering and association rule mining are incorporated. For classification, Naïve Bayes, ID3 and J48 algorithms are applied on distinctive selected attributes. The results exhibited by classification show high accuracy against all three algorithms applied, i.e., 73.2%, 73.8% and 75.4%. We adapt the K-means algorithm to perform clustering and, consequently, the risk of blast intensity is identified in a particular location. Frequent patterns are also obtained through the Apriori algorithm for the association rule to extract the factors involved in suicide attacks.

Suicide attack - Wikipedia

A suicide attack is any violent attack, usually involving an explosion, in which attackers accept their own death as a direct result of the attacking method used. Suicide attacks have occurred throughout history, often as part of a military campaign (as with the Japanese kamikaze pilots of 1944-1945 during World War II), and more recently as part of terrorist campaigns (such as the September 11 attacks in 2001). ***** For archiving purpose only *****

Are suicide attacks irrational?

The thing or action that we deem irrational can be perceived as rational by other people just because humans do not always stand on a similar viewpoint. So do the U.S. and the suicide attackers. Perhaps, mutual communication and trust-building activities are the keys to end this vicious cycle of violence.

Military and monetary power: Are they the right counter-terrorism strategies?

Two-century efforts of the global war on terror, using overwhelming monetary power and modern destructive weapons, still could not obliterate terrorism. The suicide attacks into Kabul airport are evidence of the existing risks of the return of global terrorism. They, terrorists, might come back stronger and deadlier, using the weapons that used to belong to counter-terrorism fighters to damage their homeland. So, is it time to rethink the grand global counter-terrorism strategies? In my opinion, terrorism can be countered by neither modern military weapons, technologies, nor monetary power but through trust-based international collaboration and trust-building activities

Introducing the new CPOST dataset on suicide attacks

The University of Chicago Project on Security and Threats presents the updated and expanded Database on Suicide Attacks (DSAT), which now links to Uppsala Conflict Data Program data on armed conflicts and includes a new dataset measuring the alliance and rivalry relationships among militant groups with connections to suicide attack groups. We assess global trends in suicide attacks over four decades, and demonstrate the value of the expanded DSAT with special attention to the growing diffusion of suicide attacks in armed conflicts and the large role of networks established by Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State through 2019 in this diffusion. Overall, the expanded DSAT demonstrates the advantages of integration across datasets of political violence for expanding research on important outcomes, generating new knowledge about the spread of particularly deadly forms of political violence, and raising important new questions about the efficacy of current policies to curb their spread.

Examining the Human Security Challenges Emanating from the Weaponisation of Women. A Case study of Boko Haram and the Islamic State 2001-2018

The post-cold war period has witnessed an evolution in the nature of conflict from the new wars of the 1990s to asymmetric conflicts involving the weaponisation of civilians. This has achieved the twin objective of operating within the ranks of the combatants (in the case of women) as wives and child-bearers of the fighters, and inflicting harm on adversaries through suicide attacks. The weaponisation of women in the case of the wars in Syria and Nigeria has therefore elicited both human security challenges for the communities being targeted, and for the weaponised women. The biggest dilemma facing states of origin has been whether to accept the weaponised women’s return and rehabilitate them or declare them stateless. There has been a clear tendency to securitise them, especially when internal political dynamics are factored in. This qualitative study uses a case study approach to delve into the human security challenges emanating from the weaponisation of women in the case of Boko Haram and the Islamic State between 2001 and 2018. The paper further relies on content analysis to delve deeper into the discourse on human security. Through the use of a human security conceptual framework and securitisation theory, the paper argues that although once weaponised, some women become human security threats to targeted communities, and also face human security challenges during and after the insurgency, there is a need to deal with the women on a case-by-case basis rather than pursuing a blanket policy of securitising them. States need to work with international organisations to action processes aimed at delivering justice, demobilisation, rehabilitation, and the reintegration of these women. This will uphold international law and respect for human rights.

The psycho-religious mechanism behind suicide attacks: a mindsponge-based Bayesian statistical investigation and implications for the post-9/11 world

Regarding suicide, all major religions in the world share the principles of valuing and supporting life while respecting the dead. Many followers trust in religious teachings of mortality which promote peace and altruism. However, distorted extremists take advantage of such trust to recruit members for terroristic purposes through their propaganda. The current study explores the psycho-religious mechanism behind the suicide attacks by examining deeper into the suicidal ideation process. Bayesian analysis was performed on a multinational dataset of 268 university students in Japan. The results suggest that: (i) within religious students, those with a higher sense of connectedness tend to have lower suicidal ideation compared to those with a lower sense of connectedness. ; and (ii) within students who are more likely to seek help from religious leaders, those with a higher sense of connectedness tend to have lower suicidal ideation compared to those with a lower sense of connectedness. These findings suggest a complex psycho-religious mechanism of suicidal ideation.The results of conducted analyses are only for supporting the theorization of the mechanism of suicide-related information processing and in no way dealing with extremists’ thought processes (e.g., suicide bombers). The proposed mechanism explains how religious people may be at risk of being exploited by extremists. This manuscript is the fourth version of the study describing the logical framework and results of the study. Despite lacking many vital components, such as literature review, detailed explanation, and discussion of the results, we expect early reporting study’s results to provide a valuable way for understanding complex psycho-religious mechanisms behind the suicide bombers. More completed versions will be updated afterward.