Wartime San Francisco’s Pragmatic Religious Institution

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-154
Author(s):  
Amanda Brown
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Religious Institution ◽  
World War

Chapter 3 focuses closely on the ways in which Thurman’s inherent pragmatism—specifically his social activism centered on pluralism and mysticism—was represented within the Fellowship Church. It explores the years of Thurman’s direction between 1944 and 1953, as he is overwhelmingly accepted to be the primary leader of the institution and the groundwork he set during his tenure continues to frame its spiritual and philosophical character today. Chapter 3 traces the early years of the Fellowship Church during the tumultuous yet promising World War II era and explores its experimentation with affirmation mysticism. Examining both the pluralistic make-up of the congregation and the means by which Thurman tried to elicit moments of heightened consciousness, the chapter highlights and evaluates the ways in which the institution aimed to incite social activism through spiritual pursuit.

Anti-Jewish Incidents in the Lublin Region in the Early Years after World War II

2008 ◽  
pp. 177-205
Author(s):  
Adam Kopciowski
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Jewish Life ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Condition ◽  
Ritual Murder ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Post War ◽  
Anti Jewish

In the early years following World War II, the Lublin region was one of the most important centres of Jewish life. At the same time, during 1944-1946 it was the scene of anti-Jewish incidents: from anti-Semitic propaganda, accusation of ritual murder, economic boycott, to cases of individual or collective murder. The wave of anti-Jewish that lasted until autumn of 1946 resulted in a lengthy and, no doubt incomplete, list of 118 murdered Jews. Escalating anti-Jewish violence in the immediate post-war years was one of the main factors, albeit not the only one, to affect the demography (mass emigration) and the socio-political condition of the Jewish population in the Lublin region

Madeleine Dring

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Brister ◽  
Jay Rosenblatt
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Royal College ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Art Songs ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Full Time ◽  
World War ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Piano Students ◽  
Television Shows

This book is the first scholarly biography of Madeleine Dring (1923–1977). Using diaries, letters, and extensive archival research, the narrative examines her career and explores her music. The story of Dring’s life begins with her formal training at the Royal College of Music, first in the Junior Department and then as a full-time student, a period that also covers her personal experience of events both leading up to and during the early years of World War II. Her career is traced in detail through radio and television shows and West End revues, all productions for which she wrote music, as well as her work as an actor. Dring’s most important contemporaries are briefly discussed in relation to her life, including her teachers at the Royal College of Music, professional connections such as Felicity Gray and Laurier Lister, and her husband Roger Lord. Her musical compositions are surveyed, from the earliest works she wrote as a student to the art songs she wrote in her last years, along with various popular numbers for revues and numerous piano pieces for beginning piano students as well as those suitable for the concert hall. Each chapter singles out one or more of these works for detailed description and analysis, with attention to the qualities that characterize her distinctive musical style.

The Price of Failure

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Anand Toprani
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
The United States ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
World War ◽  
Cape Of Good Hope ◽  
Energy Needs

This chapter provides critical assessment of Britain’s post-World War I oil strategy and details the strategic consequences of its failure during the early years of World War II. It reveals the irreconcilable dilemma that doomed Britain’s attempts to satisfy its energy needs independently in wartime: a shortage of tankers and foreign exchange. Reducing the foreign exchange burden meant increasing imports from the Middle East, which stretched Britain’s supply of tankers to the breaking point, since there were not enough to redirect imports around the Cape of Good Hope after Italian hostility threatened access through the Mediterranean. Drawing oil from the Western Hemisphere required fewer tankers but also cost foreign exchange. Ultimately, Britain’s survival after 1940—as after 1917—depended upon the assistance of the United States.

“This Land Remains German”: Requisitioning, Society, and the US Army, 1945–1956

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 476-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam R. Seipp
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Korean War ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World War ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Us Army ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Korean War ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article examines debates over the requisitioning of real estate by the US Army during the decade after the end of World War II. Requisitioning quickly emerged as one of the most contentious issues in the relationship between German civilians and the American occupation. American policy changed several times as the physical presence of the occupiers shrank during the postwar period then expanded again after the outbreak of the Korean War. I show that requisitioning became a key site of contestation during the early years of the Federal Republic. The right to assert authority over real property served as a visible reminder of the persistent limits of German sovereignty. By pushing back against American requisitioning policy, Germans articulated an increasingly assertive claim to sovereign rights.

Factionalism Among Syrian Nationalists During the French Mandate

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip S. Khoury
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World War ◽  
Arab Nationalism ◽  
Independence Movement ◽  
French Mandate ◽  
The One ◽  
The Military

It is ironic and perhaps telling that the one national independence movement largely ignored by historians of the Arab Middle East is the Syrian nationalist movement. The irony, of course, is that the birthplace of Arab nationalism was Syria; it was to Damascus that Arab nationalists in Palestine, Iraq and elsewhere looked for inspiration, guidance, and moral support in the interwar period; and out of the Syrian movement sprang the radical nationalism of the Ba'thists. Intellectual histories of the precursors, birth, and content of Arab nationalism abound, and, insofar as these histories deal with the birthplace of Arab nationalism, they must discuss Damascus and Syria just prior to and during World War I. But once the intellectual birth of Arab nationalism has been discussed, interest in the history of Syria wanes to be revived only after World War II, with the emergence of Ba'thism and the military in politics. What follows is by no means a comprehensive analysis of the nature and organization of the Syrian national independence movement; rather, it is a preliminary investigation of some salient characteristics of the politics of Syrian-Arab nationalism in the early years of the French Mandate.

scholarly journals UNVEILING IRANIAN COURTYARD HOUSE: THE EXAMPLE OF KUY-E CHAHARSAD-DASTGAH (1946–1950)

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
Mohamad Sedighi ◽  
Dick van Gameren
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World War ◽  
House Type ◽  
Second World ◽  
Courtyard House

This article discusses the transformation of the traditional Iranian courtyard house type and neighbourhood structure in the early 20th century Iran, and focuses on the design of public housing in the country’s early years of modernisation, after the second World War. It explores how (urban) legislations by Iranian reformists and modernists, and the compulsory unveiling law implemented between 1936 and 1943 contributed to change the image of urban areas and the everyday life of Iranians, particularly in Tehran. While this article provides a short overview of these transformations, it discusses how Iranian architects, educated in Europe, attempted to reconceptualise the ideal form of living, the courtyard-garden house (Khaneh-Bagh), for large-scale housing production, in the country. This article shows how the transformation of this house type became an instrument of accommodating both change and resistance in terms of local customs and habits, in Kuy-e Chaharsad-Dastgah, built between 1946 and 1950 in Tehran. To illustrate these, the design and development of this experimental housing project is analysed in details. It is also demonstrated how this project was developed based on a “planning document” revised by a group of modernist Iranian architects, who intended to improve the hygiene condition of living environments and to accommodate a large number of low-income civil servants in post-World War II, Tehran. It is argued that dual characteristics of the Iranian courtyard house allowed for both incorporating imported models, and simultaneously resisting universalising tendencies towards homogenisation, in the case of Chaharsad-Dastgah.

World War II Soldiers of Color in James Baldwin’s Tell Me How Long the Train’s Been Gone and Rudolfo Anaya’s Bless Me, Ultima

MELUS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-193
Author(s):  
Jose Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
World War ◽  
War Effort ◽  
War Experiences

Abstract Critics have explored James Baldwin's Tell Me How Long the Train's Been Gone (1968) and Rudolfo Anaya's Bless Me, Ultima (1972) through the emergence of their protagonists as artists, while other scholars have focused on Tell Me How Long's emphasis on black nationalism or Bless Me, Ultima's engagement with Mexican American identity; however, the tensions between art and social protest in both novels has not been explored by scholars in relation to the novels' treatment of the experience of soldiers of color in World War II. This article focuses on the novels' depiction of the military service by soldiers of color, their transformation by those experiences, and how the protests and activism against the racism and discrimination experienced by soldiers of color contributed to the long civil rights movement. I argue that through the war experiences of the protagonists' older brothers in Tell Me How Long and Bless Me, Ultima, both narratives similarly present the contributions and experiences of soldiers of color during the war effort as they faced the dilemma of fighting a war for their country only to be denied full citizenship rights at home, which increased their social activism. Tell Me How Long describes the heroic service of an African American in battle in the Italian front that has a historical antecedent in the 92nd Infantry Division known as the Buffalo Soldiers, while Bless Me, Ultima focuses on the effects of the mobilization period in Mexican American communities in the Southwest and the war's psychological effects on returning soldiers.

BOLSHEVIK MODERNIZATION OF RUSSIA IN THE 20-30s OF THE 20th CENTURY AND ITS MILITARY-TECHNOLOGICAL, PERSONNEL AND POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES FOR THE FIGHT AGAINST NAZISM IN THE FIRST YEARS OF WORLD WAR II (ACCORDING TO V.M. CHERNOV)

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Konstantin G. Malikhin ◽  
Oleg V. Schekatunov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Second World

The article is devoted to the assessment of the results of the Bolshevik modernization of Russia in the 20-30s of the 20th century in its military-technological, personnel and political aspects on the example of the struggle of Soviet Russia with Nazi Germany in the first years of World War II and the Great Patriotic War. The relevance of the topic is due to the contradictions in the assessments of the Bolshevik transformations of the 20-30s. In historiography and in the public mind, disputes about the role of these transformations for victory in the Second World War and WWII are not abating. This is especially true of the first years of the Second World War, which led the USSR to disaster. This problem was analyzed by an outstanding theoretician, leader of the Socialist-Revolutionaries and a figure of the Russian intellectual emigration V.M. Chernov. As historical sources, the article considers a number of such interesting documents as the letter of V.M. Chernov to I. V. Stalin in 1942 and issues of the emigre magazine “For Freedom!ˮ published in the USA. Using these sources as an example, the position of V.M. Chernov on the successes and failures of the Bolshevik reform of Russia and the related victories and defeats of the Red Army in the early years of the War. It is proved that the failures of the USSR in the first years of the War were the result of a number of political and personnel problems, some of which were caused by the accelerated "assault" nature of the Bolshevik modernization of the 1920s and 1930s.

National Interests

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-39
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Robb ◽  
David James Gill
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
World War ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Strategic Cooperation ◽  
Economic Preferences ◽  
The Cold War

This chapter presents a broad survey of events from the end of World War II through to the early years of the Cold War. During the course of World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand established unprecedented levels of strategic cooperation. Such cooperation, however, should not obscure the existence of significant and persistent differences during and after the conflict. All four states held different views about the future of security and economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific. The chapter then contrasts U.S., British, Australian, and New Zealand national interests as well as regional objectives in the Asia-Pacific to show that postwar relations between all four states were not always conducive to future cooperation. Indeed, differences in national interests, military capabilities, economic preferences, domestic-political contexts, and security concerns repeatedly undermined cooperation in the Asia-Pacific. These competing national interests would come to weaken and confuse their response to the rising Communist challenge in the Asia-Pacific.

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