Beyond Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-154
Author(s):  
Clive Emsley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
White Men ◽  
Native Peoples ◽  
Order Maintenance ◽  
Civilizing Process ◽  
The World ◽  
Police Protection ◽  
The City

This chapter looks at other parts of the world that were mainly absorbed into European empires and what this meant for their experience of policing. Sixteenth- and seventeenth-century colonists tended to see native peoples as primitive and without any of their own ‘civilized’ ideas and institutions like police. As a result, and where possible, they increasingly re-created versions of the police in their homelands when they arrived in the virgin lands which they intended either to exploit or to make their new homes. A re-creation of the police deployed in the metropole was claimed to be something towards which the empires were moving, especially during the nineteenth century. It was assumed to be another aspect of the white Europeans’ civilizing process. Yet a police similar to that at home was most often to be found in the colonial towns and cities where white men made the city their own and were seen as requiring the same kind of police protection and order maintenance. The indigenous peoples, especially those living nomadic lifestyles, were thought to require something different, and, while some of the white men deployed to deal with them might be called ‘police’, their organization and behaviour were often far away from Europeans’ behaviour in their lands of origin.

‘Otherwise in London’ or, the ‘Essence of Things’: Modernity and Estrangement in the Nineteenth-Century Cityscape

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Julian Wolfreys
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
William Wordsworth ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Thomas De Quincey ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban Representation ◽  
Robert Southey ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Writers of the early nineteenth century sought to find new ways of writing about the urban landscape when first confronted with the phenomena of London. The very nature of London's rapid growth, its unprecedented scale, and its mere difference from any other urban centre throughout the world marked it out as demanding a different register in prose and poetry. The condition of writing the city, of inventing a new writing for a new experience is explored by familiar texts of urban representation such as by Thomas De Quincey and William Wordsworth, as well as through less widely read authors such as Sarah Green, Pierce Egan, and Robert Southey, particularly his fictional Letters from England.

The Whole World in a Book

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
White Men ◽  
Nation State ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Canadian French ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
Brazilian Sign Language

The nineteenth century saw a new wave of dictionaries, many of which remain household names. Those dictionaries didn’t just store words; they represented imperial ambitions, nationalist passions, religious fervour, and utopian imaginings. The Whole World in a Book explores a period in which globalization, industrialization, and social mobility were changing language in unimaginable ways. Dictionaries in the nineteenth century became more than dictionaries: they were battlefields between prestige languages and lower-status dialects; national icons celebrating the language and literature of the nation-state; and sites of innovative authorship where middle and lower classes, volunteers, women, colonial subjects, the deaf, and missionaries joined the ranks of educated white men in defining how people communicated and understood the world around them. This volume investigates dictionaries in the nineteenth century covering languages as diverse as Canadian French, English, German, Frisian, Japanese, Libras (Brazilian sign language), Manchu, Persian, Quebecois, Russian, Scots, and Yiddish.

Native Approaches to Decolonising Education in Institutions of Higher Learning

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polly Walke
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Native Peoples ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
The World

A growing number of Native scholars are involved in decolonising higher education through a range of processes designed to create space for Indigenous realities and Indigenous ways of managing knowledge. Basing their educational approaches on Indigenous ontologies and epistemologies, they are developing Indigenist approaches within higher education. Ward Churchill (1996:509), Cherokee scholar, explains that an Indigenist scholar is one who:Takes the rights of indigenous peoples as the highest priority …who draws on the traditions – the bodies of knowledge and corresponding codes of value – evolved over many thousands of years by native peoples the world over.

Land of Opportunity: Anti-Black and Settler Logics in the Gentrification of Detroit

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-133
Author(s):  
Jessi Quizar
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Predominantly Black ◽  
Native Peoples ◽  
Black Neighborhoods ◽  
Land Grabs ◽  
The City ◽  
Black Land

It is an increasingly common trope in anti-gentrification activism to claim that gentrification of Black neighborhoods is a form of settler colonialism. Although Native critics have pushed back against these metaphors as abstractions of, and false equivalencies to, the concrete conditions of settler colonialism, gentrifying discourse frequently draws on the language and logic of settler colonialism in narratives about the city of Detroit. In this article, I ask what it means that terms and logic that are being applied to a predominantly Black city were, and are, also used to rationalize and structure theft of land from Native Americans. Proposing that shifting white interests in Black land have led to “borrowing” of longstanding logics used to dispossess Native peoples, I argue that the reiteration of settler-colonial logics in Detroit to explain and justify gentrification manifestly both validates land grabs in the city and further erases the claims of both Black and Indigenous peoples to Detroit.

Indigenous stewardship as a lifeway1

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Avalos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Native Peoples ◽  
The World

As the decade closes, Indigenous peoples have re-emerged as a critical voice advocating not just for environmental justice but for an entirely different way of living and being with the world. As the descendants of the original inhabitants of lands now dominated by others, they are often entangled in ongoing struggles to protect their lands and sovereignty. Settler colonialism is now famously understood as a structure, not an event, meaning that colonial projects must be continually re-inscribed through discursive and juridical means in order to naturalize Indigenous dispossession. As a religious studies scholar, I am interested in the ways Native peoples in the United States operationalize religious action as an expression of refusal ‐ a refusal to acquiesce their religious lifeways and rights to their lands.

“A Few More or Less Make No Difference”

2018 ◽  
pp. 193-241
Author(s):  
Molly A. Warsh
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
Pliny The Elder ◽  
Private Correspondence ◽  
The World ◽  
Pearl Fishing ◽  
Heuristic Device ◽  
The City

This chapter considers how pearls’ subjective beauty, their complex and mysterious origins, and their powerful association with mastery of the seas allowed them to remain a powerful heuristic device for the expression of ideas about mutability, worth, and the nature of different places and peoples around the world. As empires moved to objectify profit and regulate the role of subjects in new ways, pearls continued to serve as a useful index (elenco in Spanish, a word Pliny the Elder employed to denote an elongated pearl but that, by the early seventeenth century, had come to stand for the very impulse to order and compartmentalize that the jewel provoked) of peoples’ highly independent and contingent calculations of worth. Through a consideration of crown-sponsored pearl-fishing interventions in the Scottish Highlands and along Swedish rivers close to the city of Gothenburg, this chapter traces how pearls continued to facilitate the expression of distinct approaches to resource husbandry at scales personal and imperial. The chapter further explores the late-seventeenth-century market for pearls in London and the jewel’s unstable political and economic value as expressed in private correspondence as well as in portraits of women and enslaved bodies whose value was considered impermanent and for purchase..

scholarly journals Ethnographic exhibition in the modern museum space of Barnaul

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 342-350
Author(s):  
I. I. Nazarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
State University ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

The publication presents the experience of organizing and conducting ethnographic exhibitions at various venues in the city of Barnaul. The exhibitions were held in two main thematic areas. The first direction is associated with the presentation of the collection of traditional hats of the peoples of the world from the collection of the author of this publication. The second direction updated the ethnographic collection on the culture of the indigenous peoples of Northern Altai from the funds of the Museum of Archeology and Ethnography of Altai, Altai State University. The exhibitions received positive responses from various groups of visitors and were widely consulted in various media. The success of the exhibitions was also associated with their active promotion in social networks.

Een paard en een stad

Queeste ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-127
Author(s):  
Veerle Uyttersprot
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Local Version ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Middle Dutch ◽  
Narrative Tradition ◽  
The City ◽  
The Middle Ages

Abstract This article concerns the Dendermond appropriation of the medieval legend of the steed Bayard and the four sons (the ‘Heems children’) of Aymon, lord of Dordoen. The story of Bayard and Aymon’s sons was popular in the Low Countries during the Middle Ages. In many towns and cities, a giant wooden Horse Bayard was part of processions and parades. In some cases, the tradition persists to this day. This is especially the case in Dendermonde, where a local version of the story exists. The nineteenth-century archivist of the city, Prudens Van Duyse, is probably responsible for this remarkable tradition. His assumptions about the Dendermond roots of Aymon of Dordoen and the resulting local narrative tradition are based on a very free interpretation of the toponyms in the Middle Dutch prose story and on an equally free reading of the writings of a number of seventeenth-century historians. While, after Van Duyse’s passing, there was some debate among historians concerning the credibility of his theories, storytellers embraced the regional variant that he invented. To this day, Van Duyse continues to influence Dendermond folklore.

Rioters and Vigilantes

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-52
Author(s):  
Adam Malka
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
White Men ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Political Inclusion ◽  
The City

This chapter presents an overview of the system of policing that existed in Baltimore during the early decades of the nineteenth century – before the city’s organization of a professional police force and the state’s introduction of a reformative penal system. It argues that Baltimore’s municipal government initially depended upon mobs of ordinary white men to police the city. Occasionally these men earned money for their policing, blurring the line between formal policing and vigilantism; occasionally these men ran amok, leading to riots. Whatever the case, by attempting to maintain order and combating crime, “good citizens” enacted their freedom in an otherwise unfree world. In early Baltimore, policing was above all a practice by which white men affirmed their political inclusion.

scholarly journals The Construction of the Architectural Background in Melkite Annunciation Icons

Chronos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 147-170
Author(s):  
Rand Abou Ackl
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Real Place ◽  
Architectural Perspective ◽  
The City

This article discusses the architectural backgrounds visible in Melkite Annunciation icons from Aleppo, Hama, Damascus and Latakia in Syria, dating from the middle of the seventeenth century to the end of the nineteenth century. The architectural backdrops of Annunciation icons and the architectural perspective are represented through the technique of reverse perspective. In order to emphasize that the event took place in a real place, the house of Virgin in the city of Nazareth.

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