Motivation

2020 ◽  
pp. 539-576
Author(s):  
Robyn M. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Family Values ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
Key Terms

Chapter 14 explores the ways culture shapes our thoughts and actions regarding motivation and achievement. It discusses motivation models including humanistic, learning, achievement, expectancy value, cognitive, and social cognitive approaches. It addresses the application of motivation models to everyday interactions and contexts, including school, the workplace, and job satisfaction. It also examines incentives and culture, factors impacting motivation in the classroom, extrinsic and intrinsic incentives, and motivation and stereotypical threat. Finally, it discusses the connection between achievement and culture, family values and educational outcomes, and presents indigenous, cross-cultural, and case studies on achievement. This chapter includes a case study, Culture Across Disciplines box, chapter summary, key terms, a What Do Other Disciplines Do? section, thought-provoking questions, and class and experiential activities.

Conclusions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine D. Beaule
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Indigenous Cultures ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Key Terms

The chapter outlines some key conclusions apparent from the collection of case studies in this edited volume, particularly regarding the highly variable, and sometimes minimal, impact of processes of colonialism on local or indigenous cultures. The argument briefly revisits other chapters’ conclusions about fluidity and variability in cross-cultural interaction. It ties this varability to modern conceptions of continuity and cultural change in ongoing struggles to reckon with the lasting impact of colonialism in modern nation states. And the chapter seeks to problematize archaeologists’ conceptual frameworks that employ key terms and data from prehistoric and historic, Western and non-Western case studies of colonialism. In doing so, it aims to extend the critique of archaeologies of colonialism beyond the regions, time periods, and cultural case studies included in this book.

Social Influence, Aggression, Violence, and War

2020 ◽  
pp. 365-407
Author(s):  
Robyn M. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Chapter 10 explores the ways culture shapes how we behave in the presence of others, aggression, violence, and war. It discusses obedience, Milgram’s experiment, obedience and culture, and cross-cultural comparisons on obedience. It addresses conformity, culture and conformity, conformity and disease, peer pressure, and culture-specific and cross-cultural studies on peer pressure. It also discusses aggression, explanations of aggression, cultural factors that shape aggression, and the connection between parenting practices and aggression. Finally, it discusses violence against individuals, child maltreatment, cross-cultural studies on child abuse, bullying, cyberbullying, violence against women, war, ethnic genocide, and child soldiers. This chapter includes a case study, Culture Across Disciplines box, chapter summary, key terms, a What Do Other Disciplines Do? section, thought-provoking questions, and class and experiential activities.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Daniel Roth
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Rabbinic Literature ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Key Terms

This introductory chapter defines the key terms and methodology through which the book will be analyzed. It begins with defining “third-party peacemaking and Jewish “rabbinic literature.” Then lays out the flow and structure of the various chapters of the book. The chapter then defines the various types of case studies to be examined in the book, consisting of “legends,” “historical accounts,” and ‘stories.” Finally, the chapter concludes with defining the three-layered methodology through which each case study will be analyzed: “text,” “theory,” and ‘practice.”

Social Relationships

2020 ◽  
pp. 288-322
Author(s):  
Robyn M. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Relational Models ◽  
Relational Models Theory ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Chapter 8 explores the ways culture shapes our social relationships. It discusses relational models theory, conditions for forming friendships, culture-specific and cross-cultural studies on friendship, physical attractiveness and beauty, cultural constructions, and culture-specific and cross-cultural studies on physical attractiveness and beauty. It addresses mate choice, love, Sternberg’s triangular theory of love, romantic love across cultures, and love and marriage. Finally, it examines the number of possible marriage partners, social practices for choosing a marriage partner, costs and benefits of marriage, intercultural weddings, migration and marriage, culture-specific studies on marriage and cultural change, marital happiness, and child marriages. This chapter includes a case study, Culture Across Disciplines box, chapter summary, key terms, a What Do Other Disciplines Do? section, thought-provoking questions, and class and experiential activities.

Case Studies

2016 ◽  
pp. 1350-1407
Author(s):  
Barbara Rissman
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Classroom Performance ◽  
Teacher Aide ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Illustrative Case Study ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Contextual Setting

This chapter is taken from five illustrative case study reports resulting from doctoral research. Each case gave the researched a voice. The study selected five students at Level 1 risk of manifesting virtually all NLD assets and deficits as a consequence of shunted hydrocephalus related to spina bifida then spoke with their parents, teachers, aides and the students themselves. Each case begins with a brief description of the medical condition that predisposed each child to NLD followed by the contextual setting derived from family members. A snapshot of each student's life, classroom performance, psychological test results, teacher, aide, and parent perceptions of functional abilities, and the level of each participant's awareness of the NLD syndrome are then considered. Interpretative Discussions include teacher and aide understandings of the difficulties interspersed with those of the author. Practical help from teachers, aides, parents, and students is offered at the end of each case study. Case Studies conclude with a catalog of Key Terms and Definitions.

Human Development: Processes, Transitions, and Rituals

2020 ◽  
pp. 408-452
Author(s):  
Robyn M. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Childhood Studies ◽  
Models Of Development ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Adolescent Conflict ◽  
Sleeping Arrangements ◽  
Media And Technology ◽  
Key Terms

Chapter 11 explores the ways culture shapes developmental processes and outcomes throughout the lifespan. It discusses models of development, childbirth, cross-cultural childbirth comparisons, infant mortality, infancy, infant sleeping arrangements, temperament, goodness of fit, and culture and temperament. Childhood subtopics include socialization processes, culture-specific and cross-cultural childhood studies, gender socialization and culture, and moral development models. Adolescent subtopics include 21st century experiences, parent–adolescent conflict, culture–specific studies, body image, rites of passage, social media use, and dating. Emerging adulthood topics include self and identity, love and sexuality, and media and technology. Late adulthood subtopics include culture and aging, culture–specific and cross-cultural studies, and Alzheimer’s disease and culture. This chapter includes a case study, Culture Across Disciplines box, chapter summary, key terms, a What Do Other Disciplines Do? section, thought-provoking questions, and class and experiential activities.

Case Studies

2015 ◽  
pp. 191-249
Author(s):  
Barbara Rissman
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Classroom Performance ◽  
Teacher Aide ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Illustrative Case Study ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Contextual Setting

This chapter is taken from five illustrative case study reports resulting from doctoral research. Each case gave the researched a voice. The study selected five students at Level 1 risk of manifesting virtually all NLD assets and deficits as a consequence of shunted hydrocephalus related to spina bifida then spoke with their parents, teachers, aides and the students themselves. Each case begins with a brief description of the medical condition that predisposed each child to NLD followed by the contextual setting derived from family members. A snapshot of each student's life, classroom performance, psychological test results, teacher, aide, and parent perceptions of functional abilities, and the level of each participant's awareness of the NLD syndrome are then considered. Interpretative Discussions include teacher and aide understandings of the difficulties interspersed with those of the author. Practical help from teachers, aides, parents, and students is offered at the end of each case study. Case Studies conclude with a catalog of Key Terms and Definitions.

Emotion

2020 ◽  
pp. 500-538
Author(s):  
Robyn M. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Facial Action Coding System ◽  
Facial Action ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Cultural Constructions

Chapter 13 explores the ways culture shapes how we process, express, and experience our emotions. It discusses emotional intelligence; defining emotions; the James-Lange, two-factor, and Mesquita’s emoting models; emoting in different life stages; and Holodynski’s and Shweder’s views of emotions as cultural constructions. It addresses whether emotions are universal; Darwin’s, Ekman’s, and Izard’s contributions; emotions and facial expressions; the Facial Action Coding System; and socially engaging and disengaging emotions. It also discusses self-construals and emotions, how we learn culturally proper emotional expression, cultural display rules, culture-specific and cross-cultural studies on emotions, emotion and self-regulation, and cultural worldviews and self-regulation. Finally, it explores emotion and language through Natural Semantic Metalanguage and indigenous and cross-cultural examples. This chapter includes a case study, Culture Across Disciplines box, chapter summary, key terms, a What Do Other Disciplines Do? section, thought-provoking questions, and class and experiential activities.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

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