Perinatal Psychiatry

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Puerperal Psychosis ◽  
Perinatal Psychiatry ◽  
History Of

Mental health problems during and immediately after pregnancy are a major concern across the world. As well as affecting the health of the mother, they can have significant, harmful, and long term effects on the infant if not dealt with effectively. Perinatal Psychiatry honors the work of Channi Kumar, one of the seminal figures in the history of perinatal psychiatry, and presents a comprehensive multidisciplinary review of the field. Bringing together the leading researchers in the area, it covers the causes of perinatal mental health problems, the biology of perinatal depression and its more extreme form, puerperal psychosis, as well as psychosocial and psychological interventions, hormonal and neural substrates of perinatal depression, and risk factors and epidemiology.

scholarly journals Psychological services for women giving birth in a large Irish tertiary referral maternity unit

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aileen McAuliffe ◽  
Noirin E. Russell ◽  
Joanne Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Psychological Services ◽  
Perinatal Mental Health ◽  
Puerperal Psychosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Case Note Review

Aims and methodTo investigate whether women were being asked about their current and previous mental health, and where risk factors for perinatal mental health problems were identified, to determine whether appropriate referral occurred. Individual case-note review was performed on women where present or past mental health problems were indicated.ResultsIn two-thirds of women where a history of mental health problems was indicated at the booking clinic this was not addressed in their obstetric case notes. Of the women who reported being depressed, nearly a third had no reference to this in their obstetric case notes and only 40% were referred to the Mental Health Liaison Clinic (MHLC). Two-thirds of the women who indicated a history of postnatal depression had no further comments documented in their obstetric case notes. One case of bipolar affective disorder and one case of puerperal psychosis were identified on booking questionnaires and neither had any comments documented in the obstetric case notes. In total 16% of women who reported a history of mental health problems were referred to the MHLC.Clinical implicationsMore robust procedures for the identification and management of perinatal mental health risk need to be implemented.

Adolescent antecedents of maternal and paternal perinatal depression: a 36-year prospective cohort

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly C Thomson ◽  
Helena Romaniuk ◽  
Christopher J Greenwood ◽  
Primrose Letcher ◽  
Elizabeth Spry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Transition To Parenthood ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Common Mental Health Problems ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Rates of common mental health problems (depression/anxiety) rise sharply in adolescence and peak in young adulthood, often coinciding with the transition to parenthood. Little is known regarding the persistence of common mental health problems from adolescence to the perinatal period in both mothers and fathers. Methods A total of 393 mothers (686 pregnancies) and 257 fathers (357 pregnancies) from the intergenerational Australian Temperament Project Generation 3 Study completed self-report assessments of depression and anxiety in adolescence (ages 13–14, 15–16, 17–18 years) and young adulthood (ages 19–20, 23–24, 27–28 years). The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms at 32 weeks pregnancy and 12 months postpartum in mothers, and at 12 months postpartum in fathers. Results Most pregnancies (81%) in which mothers reported perinatal depression were preceded by a history of mental health problems in adolescence or young adulthood. Similarly, most pregnancies (83%) in which fathers reported postnatal depression were preceded by a preconception history of mental health problems. After adjustment for potential confounders, the odds of self-reporting perinatal depression in both women and men were consistently higher in those with a history of persistent mental health problems across adolescence and young adulthood than those without (ORwomen 5.7, 95% CI 2.9–10.9; ORmen 5.5, 95% CI 1.03–29.70). Conclusions Perinatal depression, for the majority of parents, is a continuation of mental health problems with onsets well before pregnancy. Strategies to promote good perinatal mental health should start before parenthood and include both men and women.

Effectiveness of interventions to promote help-seeking for mental health problems: systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (16) ◽  
pp. 2658-2667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyan Xu ◽  
Fangfang Huang ◽  
Markus Kösters ◽  
Tobias Staiger ◽  
Thomas Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Informal Help

AbstractHelp-seeking is important to access appropriate care and improve mental health. However, individuals often delay or avoid seeking help for mental health problems. Interventions to improve help-seeking have been developed, but their effectiveness is unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis were therefore conducted to examine the effectiveness of mental health related help-seeking interventions. Nine databases in English, German and Chinese were searched for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials. Effect sizes were calculated for attitudes, intentions and behaviours to seek formal, informal and self-help. Ninety-eight studies with 69 208 participants were included. Interventions yielded significant short-term benefits in terms of formal help-seeking, self-help, as well as mental health literacy and personal stigma. There were also positive long-term effects on formal help-seeking behaviours. The most common intervention types were strategies to increase mental health literacy, destigmatisation (both had positive short-term effects on formal help-seeking behaviours) as well as motivational enhancement (with positive long-term effects on formal help-seeking behaviours). Interventions improved formal help-seeking behaviours if delivered to people with or at risk of mental health problems, but not among children, adolescents or the general public. There was no evidence that interventions increased the use of informal help. Few studies were conducted in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of help-seeking interventions in terms of improving attitudes, intentions and behaviours to seek formal help for mental health problems among adults. Future research should develop effective interventions to improve informal help-seeking, for specific target groups and in LMICs settings.

Physical and Psychological Benefits of Written Emotional Expression

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Kállay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Expressive Writing ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract. The last several decades have witnessed a substantial increase in the number of individuals suffering from both diagnosable and subsyndromal mental health problems. Consequently, the development of cost-effective treatment methods, accessible to large populations suffering from different forms of mental health problems, became imperative. A very promising intervention is the method of expressive writing (EW), which may be used in both clinically diagnosable cases and subthreshold symptomatology. This method, in which people express their feelings and thoughts related to stressful situations in writing, has been found to improve participants’ long-term psychological, physiological, behavioral, and social functioning. Based on a thorough analysis and synthesis of the published literature (also including most recent meta-analyses), the present paper presents the expressive writing method, its short- and long-term, intra-and interpersonal effects, different situations and conditions in which it has been proven to be effective, the most important mechanisms implied in the process of recovery, advantages, disadvantages, and possible pitfalls of the method, as well as variants of the original technique and future research directions.

Comparing the social networks of service users with long term mental health needs living in community with those in a general adult in-patient unit

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402110175
Author(s):  
Roberto Rusca ◽  
Ike-Foster Onwuchekwa ◽  
Catherine Kinane ◽  
Douglas MacInnes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
The Social

Background: Relationships are vital to recovery however, there is uncertainty whether users have different types of social networks in different mental health settings and how these networks may impact on users’ wellbeing. Aims: To compare the social networks of people with long-term mental illness in the community with those of people in a general adult in-patient unit. Method: A sample of general adult in-patients with enduring mental health problems, aged between 18 and 65, was compared with a similar sample attending a general adult psychiatric clinic. A cross-sectional survey collected demographic data and information about participants’ social networks. Participants also completed the Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale to examine well-being and the Significant Others Scale to explore their social network support. Results: The study recruited 53 participants (25 living in the community and 28 current in-patients) with 339 named as important members of their social networks. Both groups recorded low numbers in their social networks though the community sample had a significantly greater number of social contacts (7.4 vs. 5.4), more monthly contacts with members of their network and significantly higher levels of social media use. The in-patient group reported greater levels of emotional and practical support from their network. Conclusions: People with serious and enduring mental health problems living in the community had a significantly greater number of people in their social network than those who were in-patients while the in-patient group reported greater levels of emotional and practical support from their network. Recommendations for future work have been made.

scholarly journals Predictors of clinical deterioration in patients with suspected COVID-19 managed in a ‘virtual hospital’ setting: a cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e045356
Author(s):  
Nick A Francis ◽  
Beth Stuart ◽  
Matthew Knight ◽  
Rama Vancheeswaran ◽  
Charles Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Clinical Deterioration ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Remote Assessment ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveIdentify predictors of clinical deterioration in a virtual hospital (VH) setting for COVID-19.DesignReal-world prospective observational study.SettingVH remote assessment service in West Hertfordshire NHS Trust, UK.ParticipantsPatients with suspected COVID-19 illness enrolled directly from the community (postaccident and emergency (A&E) or medical intake assessment) or postinpatient admission.Main outcome measureDeath or (re-)admission to inpatient hospital care during VH follow-up and for 2 weeks post-VH discharge.Results900 patients with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 (455 referred from A&E or medical intake and 445 postinpatient) were included in the analysis. 76 (8.4%) of these experienced clinical deterioration (15 deaths in admitted patients, 3 deaths in patients not admitted and 58 additional inpatient admissions). Predictors of clinical deterioration were increase in age (OR 1.04 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.06) per year of age), history of cancer (OR 2.87 (95% CI 1.41 to 5.82)), history of mental health problems (OR 1.76 (95% CI 1.02 to 3.04)), severely impaired renal function (OR for eGFR <30=9.09 (95% CI 2.01 to 41.09)) and having a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result (OR 2.0 (95% CI 1.11 to 3.60)).ConclusionsThese predictors may help direct intensity of monitoring for patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 who are being remotely monitored by primary or secondary care services. Further research is needed to confirm our findings and identify the reasons for increased risk of clinical deterioration associated with cancer and mental health problems.

scholarly journals Health problems and violence experiences of nurses working in acute care hospitals, long-term care facilities, and home-based long-term care in Germany: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260050
Author(s):  
Andrea Schaller ◽  
Teresa Klas ◽  
Madeleine Gernert ◽  
Kathrin Steinbeißer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Care Facilities

Background Working in the nursing sector is accompanied by great physical and mental health burdens. Consequently, it is necessary to develop target-oriented, sustainable profession-specific support and health promotion measures for nurses. Objectives The present review aims to give an overview of existing major health problems and violence experiences of nurses in different settings (acute care hospitals, long-term care facilities, and home-based long-term care) in Germany. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and PubPsych and completed by a manual search upon included studies’ references and health insurance reports. Articles were included if they had been published after 2010 and provided data on health problems or violence experiences of nurses in at least one care setting. Results A total of 29 studies providing data on nurses health problems and/or violence experience were included. Of these, five studies allowed for direct comparison of nurses in the settings. In addition, 14 studies provided data on nursing working in acute care hospitals, ten on nurses working in long-term care facilities, and four studies on home-based long-term care. The studies either conducted a setting-specific approach or provided subgroup data from setting-unspecific studies. The remaining studies did not allow setting-related differentiation of the results. The available results indicate that mental health problems are the highest for nurses in acute care hospitals. Regarding violence experience, nurses working in long-term care facilities appear to be most frequently affected. Conclusion The state of research on setting-specific differences of nurses’ health problems and violence experiences is insufficient. Setting-specific data are necessesary to develop target-group specific and feasible interventions to support the nurses’ health and prevention of violence, as well as dealing with violence experiences of nurses.

Social care

2020 ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Jo Moriarty
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Broad Term ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
And Control

Social care is the broad term for the support provided to people living at home and in care homes. Major changes have taken place to this sector in the past few years and this chapter describes the key policy developments that have impacted upon the kind of support provided to older people with mental health problems and how that support is funded. The policy of personalization is intended to increase choice and control, but as yet it is unclear whether this will lead to improved outcomes in terms of quality of life or independence. Some long-standing issues, such as the high prevalence of people with unidentified mental health problems in long-term care, continue to provide challenges for organizations providing social care support.

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