Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Carolyn James
Keyword(s):  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Modus Vivendi ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Historical Specificity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Division Of Work

The historical specificity of how patriarchy was interpreted and the ways in which social position and gender interacted to shape an elite marital relationship are the focus of this study of Isabella d’Este and Francesco Gonzaga. The pair’s agile improvisations in relation to masculine and feminine identities and to the division of work, were usually prompted by the diplomatic dilemmas they faced. Inevitably such experiments prompted uncertainty and sometimes sharp discord, as they struggled to work out a modus vivendi in a rapidly changing and perilous political environment. In analysing how this marriage was inhabited emotionally, alongside how it operated politically, the book aims to uncover the intricate intertwining of the private and public in a marriage that had to succeed on both levels.

scholarly journals Reconciliation and social segmentation strategies: a double inequality

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Alcañiz
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Double Inequality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Division Of Work

The incorporation ofwomen into the labour market has implied a reorganisation ofthe gender division of work, but has not released women from the performance oftheir traditional role with regard to tasks in the domestic and caring fields. In orderto be able to do this double day’s work, women—occasionally with the participationof their spouses—choose strategies to enable them to reconcile these dimensions.This article presents these strategies and relates them with both structuralsociological variables, such as social position and occupation, and gender ideology.The author’s goal is to determine the articulation between the two, and their linksto inequality.

The Enigma of Meyer Lissner: Los Angeles's Progressive Boss

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-136
Author(s):  
Mark H. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Era ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
Political Skill ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Municipal Politics ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
A Charge

Meyer Lissner was Los Angeles's preeminent municipal political reformer between 1906 and 1913. Yet he was perhaps an enigmatic progressive. His life defied conformity and categorization to specific progressive norms regarding ethnicity, religion, upbringing, and social position. His gift for organization, combined with a keen political intelligence, enabled him to organize a formidable opposition to the Southern Pacific—dominated local political environment. Los Angeles's municipal politics thereafter remained nonpartisan. His political skill won him the praise of his progressive supporters and the scorn of his critics as a “reform boss,” a charge with which they mercilessly pursued him throughout the remainder of his municipal career. Was Lissner a “reformer,” a “boss,” a combination of both, or neither? Do such categories matter, given the reality of Progressive Era urban politics and current trends in writing on the stereotyped struggle between the boss and the reformer?

Women in Iranian Kurdistan: Patriarchy and the Quest for Empowerment

2021 ◽  
pp. 089124322110292
Author(s):  
Sahar Shakiba ◽  
Omid Ghaderzadeh ◽  
Valentine M. Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Male Control ◽  
Gender Regime ◽  
Kurdish Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City

Informed by sociological standpoint, intersectional, and gender regime theories, we examine perceptions of a diverse sample of Iranian Kurdish women in the city of Sanandaj about their legal status and social positions. We find perceptions of injustice, oppression, male control, and lack of opportunity associated with both the family and broader society. Kurdish women are socially located in structures and institutions of both private and public patriarchy. At the same time, their growing educational attainment and knowledge of possibilities for change enable them not only to articulate grievances but also to aspire to, and sometimes engage in, collective action for women’s rights. By focusing on an under-studied region, this article contributes to the wider literature on Kurdish women, underscores the continued salience of intersectional and standpoint approaches, and expands gender regime theorizing beyond Western cases.

The Problem with Black Boys: Race, Gender, and Discipline in Christian and Private Elementary Schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-421
Author(s):  
Sharoni D. Little ◽  
La Verne A. Tolbert
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Teacher Expectations ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Black Boys ◽  
Institutional Climate ◽  
Educational Environments ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
And Gender

In Christian, private, and public schools, Black boys are forced to endure educational environments that promulgate the stereotype of their supposed intellectual inadequacy and “troublesome” behavior. Deficit-based narratives, fueled by historical racist and sexist stereotypes, contend that Black boys are deviant, disengaged, disruptive, undisciplined, unintelligent, problematic, confrontational, threatening, and difficult to teach – all in a place that should be safe and affirming – schools. In this article, we examine how racial and gender stereotypes reify the educational plight of Black boys, and negatively influence key educational foci, including teacher expectations, pedagogy, curricula, institutional climate/culture, student assessment, and disciplinary matters.

scholarly journals Job Satisfaction and Occupational Stress among Public and Private Bank Employees

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Karshan B. Chothani
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Private Bank ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
National Bank ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
And Gender

This article discusses the emerging research concerned with the effect job satisfaction on occupational stress experienced among bank employees. The Occupational Stress Index developed by A.K. Srivastava and A. P. Singh (1984) and Job Satisfaction scale (JSS) developed by Dr. Amar Singh and Dr. T R Sharma (2007) by the researchers to importune information from bank employees was administered to 100 respondents comprising of both public and private banks in the branches of SBI, Bank of Baroda, Punjab National Bank, Co-Operative Bank, ICICI, HDFC and Axis Bank within Ahmedabad city. Objectives of the studies are 1) To study the level of Job Satisfaction of Employees working in Private and Public bank in relation to types of Bank and Gender. 2) To study the Occupational Stress of Employees working in Private and Public bank in relation to types of Bank and Gender. 3) To know the correlation between Job Satisfaction and Occupational Stress of Private and public Bank employees. Statistical ‘t’-test and correlation were used for data analysis. The findings of the study reflect that Public Bank employees are more satisfied with their jobs and occupationally less stressed than the Private bank employees. Further Female bank employees are less satisfied and under higher level of occupational stress as compared to their Male bank employees counterparts. Whereas, there is a negative & significant co-relation between Job Satisfaction & Occupational stress of Bank employees. It is suggested from findings of the study, that in order to reduce occupational stress among Private bank employees, the job satisfaction must be enhanced.

scholarly journals Service Perceptions in Fitness Centers: IPA Approach by Gender and Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo León-Quismondo ◽  
Jorge García-Unanue ◽  
Pablo Burillo
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Fitness Centers ◽  
User Perceptions ◽  
Personal Training ◽  
Activity Spaces ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Gender

Background: The number of fitness practitioners has increased in the last decades. A deeper understanding of user perceptions is required for better service design. Methods: An importance-performance analysis (IPA) and correlational analysis were performed on a sample of 414 members (173 women and 241 men) with a mean age of 32.33 years (SD = 11.50) and recruited from 25 fitness centers of Community of Madrid, Spain. Results: The results show that women’s levels of importance and performance are higher than men in most of the service attributes. Women also correlate with a higher priority than men in core elements of the service, such as the variety and number of activities, personal training and fitness service quality. Female members feel more attracted by services like swimming pools and other peripheral services, like a welcome pack and medical or physiotherapist service. According to age, older members feel less satisfied than young users with the cleanliness of activity spaces and with the safety of lockers. Conclusions: Differences in perceptions by age and gender were identified among members of fitness centers. These results should be considered by private and public organizations to provide the best practices and tailored services for engaging more people in physical activity.

Role of virtual avatars in digitalized hotel service

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 977-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjoon Choi ◽  
Fuad Mehraliyev ◽  
Seongseop (Sam) Kim
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Psychological Mechanism ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Technical Features

Purpose This study aim to attempt to conceptualize agency in a hospitality setting and examine the psychological effects of agency-related visual cues on user perception and intention to use to understand the role of agency in the digitalization of hotel services. Design/methodology/approach After developing demo videos of an express check-out application, two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of using an avatar and explain the psychological mechanism of how attributes of an avatar increase intention to use. Findings Study 1 found that the presence of an avatar had a positive influence on intention to use. Study 2 retested the findings of Study 1 and illustrated the psychological mechanism of how two attributes of an avatar (social position and gender) influenced perceived expertise and intention to use. A significant interaction effect between social position and gender was found on perceived expertise. Perceived expertise also mediated the effect of an avatar on intention to use in the male avatar conditions. Originality/value As the first attempt to investigate the role of avatars in human–computer interaction in a hotel setting, this study will serve as an example in testing the effects of agency-related technical features on user experience and behavioral intention, possibly broadening the current research scope of hospitality and tourism. This study also provides a useful guideline to develop and design a successful interface of digitalized hotel services.

Colonialism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Mama
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Military Rule ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Gender Regime ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
And Gender

This chapter describes the way in which imperialism perpetuated a patriarchal gender regime in the modern states of Africa. It addresses the lingering effects of colonial political institutions that relied on a gendered separation of the private and public spheres. It illuminates the centrality of sex and gender coercion to the colonization processes and the legacy of these practices on contemporary law and policy. The marginalization of women from political and economic life has persisted to the modern day, provoking women to mobilize into movements challenging this discrimination. This chapter further argues that military rule and civil war are not indigenous to Africa but are instead a relapse that draws on the institutional dominance of all-male colonial security systems.

Intimate Counter‐Spaces of Migrant Domestic Workers in Lebanon1

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 780-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Pande
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Paradoxical Effects ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Politics Of Resistance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
State Restrictions ◽  
Female Migrant ◽  
Migrant Domestic Workers

This article examines new nodes of migrants' desire to disrupt the heteronormative focus on married mothers in the literature on migration and gender and the reification of normative notions of both gender and sexuality. It demonstrates that in the presence of intense raced and gendered surveillance of both private and public spaces in Lebanon, migrant domestic workers (MDWs) use public “counter‐spaces” to forge intimate and sexual ties. It offers the frame of intimate counter‐spaces to understand the wider politics of resistance mobilized by MDWs in their everyday lives. Intimate counter‐spaces complicate debates around public/private, sacred/sexual, and confront state restrictions on migrant workers' sexuality. Despite their subversive power, such spaces can also reinforce the hypersexualization of the female migrant and highlight the paradoxical effects of everyday subversive practices used by migrant workers, not just in Middle East and Asia, but also across the world.

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