Revivalistics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghil'ad Zuckermann
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Promised Land ◽  
Language Revival ◽  
Revival Movements ◽  
Disciplinary Field ◽  
Multiple Causation ◽  
Cross Fertilization

This seminal book introduces revivalistics, a new trans-disciplinary field of enquiry surrounding language reclamation, revitalization and reinvigoration. The book is divided into two main parts that represent Zuckermann’s fascinating and multifaceted journey into language revival, from the ‘Promised Land’ (Israel) to the ‘Lucky Country’ (Australia) and beyond: PART 1: LANGUAGE REVIVAL AND CROSS-FERTILIZATION The aim of this part is to suggest that due to the ubiquitous multiple causation, the reclamation of a no-longer spoken language is unlikely without cross-fertilization from the revivalists’ mother tongue(s). Thus, one should expect revival efforts to result in a language with a hybridic genetic and typological character. The book highlights salient morphological, phonological, phonetic, syntactic, semantic and lexical features, illustrating the difficulty in determining a single source for the grammar of ‘Israeli’, the language resulting from the Hebrew revival. The European impact in these features is apparent inter alia in structure, semantics or productivity. PART 2: LANGUAGE REVIVAL AND WELLBEING The book then applies practical lessons (rather than clichés) from the critical analysis of the Hebrew reclamation to other revival movements globally, and goes on to describe the why and how of language revival. The how includes practical, nitty-gritty methods for reclaiming ‘sleeping beauties’ such as the Barngarla Aboriginal language of Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, e.g. using what Zuckermann calls talknology (talk+technology). The why includes ethical, aesthetic, and utilitarian reasons such as improving wellbeing and mental health.

scholarly journals Hybridity versus Revivability: Multiple Causation, Forms and Patterns

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghil'ad Zuckermann
Keyword(s):  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Family Tree ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Congruence Principle ◽  
Modern Hebrew ◽  
Multiple Causation ◽  
Cross Fertilization

AbstractThe aim of this article is to suggest that due to the ubiquitous multiple causation, the revival of a no-longer spoken language is unlikely without cross-fertilization from the revivalists' mother tongue(s). Thus, one should expect revival efforts to result in a language with a hybridic genetic and typological character. The article highlights salient morphological constructions and categories, illustrating the difficulty in determining a single source for the grammar of Israeli, somewhat misleadingly a.k.a. 'Modern Hebrew'. The European impact in these features is apparent inter alia in structure, semantics or productivity. Multiple causation is manifested in the Congruence Principle, according to which if a feature exists in more than one contributing language, it is more likely to persist in the emerging language. Consequently, the reality of linguistic genesis is far more complex than a simple family tree system allows. 'Revived' languages are unlikely to have a single parent. The multisourced nature of Israeli and the role of the Congruence Principle in its genesis have implications for historical linguistics, language planning and the study of language, culture and identity.

’Nother Tongue

Revivalistics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 44-111
Author(s):  
Ghil'ad Zuckermann
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Multiple Causation ◽  
Cross Fertilization

This chapter analyses salient phonetic, phonological, morphological, syntactic, and lexical features in the fully fledged Israeli language. It illustrates the difficulty in determining a single source for the grammar of Israeli. The European impact in these features is apparent inter alia in structure, semantics, or productivity. The chapter demonstrates the ubiquitous multiple causation in Israeli and that the revival of a no-longer spoken language is unlikely without cross-fertilization from the revivalists’ mother tongue(s). Thus, one should expect revival efforts to result in a language with a hybridic genetic and typological character.

The social consequences of writing Louisiana French

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becky Brown
Keyword(s):  
Language Maintenance ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Language Revival ◽  
The Social ◽  
Louisiana French ◽  
Revival Movement ◽  
Revival Movements ◽  
Written Word

ABSTRACTStudies on language shift often refer to the demise of the ousted variety by detailing various stages of language decay and extinction. Problematic for these accounts are well-documented cases of intervening social phenomena, such as language revival movements, which can alter in some way the stages of decline. French Louisiana's situation illustrates language shift interacting with a strong revival movement. In the wake of the revival and in spite of continued shift, another trend is apparent – the writing of Louisiana French. Whereas shift clearly represents a stage of language decline, the creation of a written code functions as a key ingredient for language maintenance. A sociolinguistic analysis of these forces reveals the complexity and the conflict involved in the choice of the written word. (Sociolinguistics, Louisiana French, Cajun, Louisiana French Creole, variation in writing, ethnography, literacy, language maintenance)

scholarly journals A short critical analysis of curricular paradigms involved in teaching the mother tongue

Educatia 21 ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Horia Corcheş ◽  
◽  
Mușata Bocoș ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Mother Tongue

Cross-fertilization and hybrid development of forms of the brown alga Hormosira banksii (Turner) Decaisne

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Clarke ◽  
HBS Womersley
Keyword(s):  
Brown Alga ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Hybrid Development ◽  
Cross Fertilization

Gametes from four forms of Hormosira banksii(f. banksii, f. gracilis, f, sieberi and f.pumila) from the coast at Victor Harbor and Aldinga, in South Australia, cross-fertilize readily in all combinations and the zygotes develop into healthy germlings. Nearly all developed to the first vesicle stage and a few were successfully cultured to plants 24 cm high with many vesicles. The larger plants had immature but typical conceptacles but did not become fertile before loss at 15 months. The above taxa are considered to be at subspecific levels.

scholarly journals 修復的少年司法の批判的分析―オーストラリアを事例として― (Critical Analysis of Restorative Juvenile Justice: Case Study on Australia)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Reintegrative Shaming

本稿は以下の構成からなる。まず初めに、オーストラリアにおける修復的少年司法の実践に焦点を当てる。ここでは、オーストラリアにおける修復的少年司法の始まりおよび発展の歴史に関して簡単に触れた後、現在の実務状況および少年司法内への制度化によって生じた弊害に関して論じる。続いて、オーストラリアにおける修復的少年司法の有効性を扱った研究、特に Reintegrative Shaming ExperimentとSouth Australia Juvenile Justiceに着目する。これらの結果の分析を踏まえた上で、オーストラリアにおける修復的(少年)司法研究の今後の方向性について論じる。最後に、以上の批判的分析をもとに、日本への視座に関して言及する。

scholarly journals Revivalistics is Not Documentary Linguistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ghil’ad Zuckermann
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Minority Community ◽  
Language Revival ◽  
Biological Mother ◽  
Disciplinary Field ◽  
Indigenous Minority ◽  
The One ◽  
Community Supports ◽  
Minority People

Summary This article introduces a new field of enquiry called revivalistics, and explores its trans-disciplinarity and various ethical, aesthetic and utilitarian benefits. Revivalistics is an emerging global, trans-disciplinary field of enquiry studying comparatively and systematically the universal constraints and global mechanisms on the one hand (Zuckermann, 2003; 2009; 2020), and particularistic peculiarities and cultural relativist idiosyncrasies on the other, apparent in linguistic reclamation, revitalization and reinvigoration across various sociological backgrounds, all over the globe (Zuckermann, 2020; Zuckermann & Walsh, 2011; 2014). The article focuses on the crucial differences between revivalistics and documentary linguistics. It provides examples from the field that demonstrate the complexity of the revivalist’s work and how the revivalist’s work is distinct from that of the documentary linguist. Too many documentary linguists mislead themselves to believe that they can easily be revivalists too. But there are two crucial differences between revivalistics and documentary linguistics, which are at war between themselves: (1) Whereas documentary linguists put the language at the centre, revivalists put the language custodians at the centre. (2) Whereas in documentary linguistics the Indigenous/minority people have the knowledge of the language, in revivalistics the revivalist is the one with that knowledge. Given that the Aboriginal/minority people are the language custodians, and given that the language custodians are at the centre of the revivalistic enterprise, the revivalist must be extremely sensitive. A revivalist is not only a linguist but also a psychologist, social worker, teacher, driver, schlepper, financial manager, cook, waiter, babysitter, donor etc. A revivalist must have a heart of gold, “balls” of steel and the patience of a saint. Language revival is similar to co-parenting. But the revivalist is only a step-father. The important biological mother is the Indigenous/minority community. If you are the step-father and your spouse, who is the biological mother, makes what you perceive to be a mediocre decision with regard to your children, you cannot just disapprove of it. After all, the children are your spouse’s more than they are yours. You must work together for the best possible outcome. Similarly, if the community supports a decision that is not linguistically viable, the revivalist can try to inspire the community members, but must accept their own verdict. That would be difficult for a documentary linguist with poor social skills.

scholarly journals La poliglòssia en la predicació de Vicent Ferrer

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Antoni Ferrando Francés
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Textual Transmission ◽  
Basic Features

Resum: Un bon nombre dels sermons de Vicent Ferrer ens ha arribat gràcies a les còpies de les reportationes que en feien els estenògrafs que l’acompanyaven en els seus viatges missionals per diversos països de l’Europa occidental (1399-1419). No són, per tant, reproduccions fidels de l’oralitat vicentina, però en reflecteixen els trets bàsics. L’anàlisi crítica d’aquests trets i de les declaracions dels testimonis del procés de canonització de Vicent Ferrer (1453-1454) posen de manifest que el dominic valencià, que en la seua predicació sempre tractà d’aproximar-se lingüísticament als oients, adoptà les parles romànics dels països que va recórrer, ja que sabem que, a més del llatí i de la llengua materna –el català o valencià–, coneixia bé l’aragonés, el castellà, el francés, l’occità i l’italià.Paraules clau: Vicent Ferrer, predicació, segle XV, usos lingüístics, transmissió oral i textualAbstract: Many of Vicent Ferrer’s sermons have come down to us thanks to copies of the reportationes made by the stenographers who accompanied him on his missionary travels through various countries in Western Europe (1399-1419). They are not, therefore, faithful reproductions of Ferrerian orality, but they do reflect its basic features. The textual examination of these features and the critical analysis of the statements made by the witnesses of the process of canonization of Vicent Ferrer (1453-1454) show that the Valencian Dominican, who in his preaching always tried to approach his listeners linguistically, adopted the Romance languages of the countries he visited, as we know that, in addition to Latin and to his mother tongue –Catalan or Valencian–, he was fluent in Aragonese, Castilian, French, Occitan and Italian. Keywords: Vicent Ferrer, preaching, 15th century, linguistic uses, oral and textual transmission

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