’Nother Tongue

Revivalistics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 44-111
Author(s):  
Ghil'ad Zuckermann
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Multiple Causation ◽  
Cross Fertilization

This chapter analyses salient phonetic, phonological, morphological, syntactic, and lexical features in the fully fledged Israeli language. It illustrates the difficulty in determining a single source for the grammar of Israeli. The European impact in these features is apparent inter alia in structure, semantics, or productivity. The chapter demonstrates the ubiquitous multiple causation in Israeli and that the revival of a no-longer spoken language is unlikely without cross-fertilization from the revivalists’ mother tongue(s). Thus, one should expect revival efforts to result in a language with a hybridic genetic and typological character.

scholarly journals Hybridity versus Revivability: Multiple Causation, Forms and Patterns

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghil'ad Zuckermann
Keyword(s):  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Family Tree ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Congruence Principle ◽  
Modern Hebrew ◽  
Multiple Causation ◽  
Cross Fertilization

AbstractThe aim of this article is to suggest that due to the ubiquitous multiple causation, the revival of a no-longer spoken language is unlikely without cross-fertilization from the revivalists' mother tongue(s). Thus, one should expect revival efforts to result in a language with a hybridic genetic and typological character. The article highlights salient morphological constructions and categories, illustrating the difficulty in determining a single source for the grammar of Israeli, somewhat misleadingly a.k.a. 'Modern Hebrew'. The European impact in these features is apparent inter alia in structure, semantics or productivity. Multiple causation is manifested in the Congruence Principle, according to which if a feature exists in more than one contributing language, it is more likely to persist in the emerging language. Consequently, the reality of linguistic genesis is far more complex than a simple family tree system allows. 'Revived' languages are unlikely to have a single parent. The multisourced nature of Israeli and the role of the Congruence Principle in its genesis have implications for historical linguistics, language planning and the study of language, culture and identity.

Revivalistics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghil'ad Zuckermann
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Promised Land ◽  
Language Revival ◽  
Revival Movements ◽  
Disciplinary Field ◽  
Multiple Causation ◽  
Cross Fertilization

This seminal book introduces revivalistics, a new trans-disciplinary field of enquiry surrounding language reclamation, revitalization and reinvigoration. The book is divided into two main parts that represent Zuckermann’s fascinating and multifaceted journey into language revival, from the ‘Promised Land’ (Israel) to the ‘Lucky Country’ (Australia) and beyond: PART 1: LANGUAGE REVIVAL AND CROSS-FERTILIZATION The aim of this part is to suggest that due to the ubiquitous multiple causation, the reclamation of a no-longer spoken language is unlikely without cross-fertilization from the revivalists’ mother tongue(s). Thus, one should expect revival efforts to result in a language with a hybridic genetic and typological character. The book highlights salient morphological, phonological, phonetic, syntactic, semantic and lexical features, illustrating the difficulty in determining a single source for the grammar of ‘Israeli’, the language resulting from the Hebrew revival. The European impact in these features is apparent inter alia in structure, semantics or productivity. PART 2: LANGUAGE REVIVAL AND WELLBEING The book then applies practical lessons (rather than clichés) from the critical analysis of the Hebrew reclamation to other revival movements globally, and goes on to describe the why and how of language revival. The how includes practical, nitty-gritty methods for reclaiming ‘sleeping beauties’ such as the Barngarla Aboriginal language of Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, e.g. using what Zuckermann calls talknology (talk+technology). The why includes ethical, aesthetic, and utilitarian reasons such as improving wellbeing and mental health.

scholarly journals A Survey of the Mixed Use of He/She for Chinese Freshmen in English Majors

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Yixuan Liang ◽  
Fang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Spoken English ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
English Majors ◽  
Articulatory Phonetics ◽  
English Major ◽  
Research Questions

The mixed use of he/she in oral English is a hot topic in the field of second language acquisition in the past decades and the related study is numerous. However, there are few studies on the misuse of the two pronouns in oral English for English majors in Chinese universities. This study aims to explore the current situation and characteristics of he/she misuse in oral English of Chinese freshmen majoring in English and analyze the factors that cause the misuse, so as to arouse the learners’ awareness of the error. This study focuses on two research questions: (1) What are the characteristics of he/she misuse in spoken English of Chinese freshmen majoring in English? (2) What are the reasons for the misuse? Based on the selected spoken language materials, this study explores the mixing types and error rate of he/she and analyzes the characteristics of the misuse through data. Through the questionnaire, this thesis study investigates the causes of the misuse. It is found that the mixed use of pronoun he/she is serious in the spoken language of English major freshmen, especially the misuse of “she” into “he”. The factors that cause the misuse are complex, involving mother tongue, attention distribution and working memory, pronunciation relationship, transfer of training, and social environment and personal factors, among which the analysis from articulatory phonetics deserves more attention.

scholarly journals Afrikaans in Botany after 75 years of “Akademie” activities

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
H. P. Van der Schijff
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Technical Language ◽  
Scientific Image ◽  
Daily Contact ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
English Speaking

Just like the Afrikaans language itself, the use of Afrikaans as a technical language in Botany made meaningful progress during the last 75 years. It cannot, however, be divorced from the general use of Afrikaans by the Afrikaner in his daily contact with his non-Afrikaans speaking compatriots in all other spheres of activities, such as business, sports or politics. Unless Afrikaans as a spoken language can hold its own in a growing English-speaking community and world, it will not survive as a technical scientific language in Botany. As a technical language only, no language can hold its own. The publishing of scientific papers in international journals by Afrikaans-speaking scientists cannot be attributed to selfishness or a lack of appreciation for their mother tongue. It must also be seen as a means of enhancing the scientific image of his country and of the Afrikaner.

scholarly journals “In un placete de La Mancha of which nombre no quiero remembrearme”: Don Quijote en spanglish y los desafíos de la traducción bilingüe

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Classical Text ◽  
Hispanic Culture ◽  
Don Quijote ◽  
American Scholar ◽  
La Mancha

Spanglish, the mixing of Spanish and English in oral and written communi-cation, has an increasing importance as a literary code. Challenged by derogatory comments on the poor aesthetic possibilities of Spanglish, Mexican American scholar Ilan Stavans translated the first chapter of Cervantes’ Don Quijote into a mixed language made of English, Spanish and hybrid words. The result provoked the hilarity of many readers, but also the indignation of Castilian purists who opposed the invasion of their mother tongue by a foreign language and the desecration of the most out- standing monument of the Hispanic Culture, while American Chicanos criticized the quality of the translation, arguing that Stavans ’ Spanglish fails to reflect accurately the reality of bilingual speech in daily life. In my paper I propose some reflections about this controversy and I try to analyse Stavans’ intentions and strategies in this translation of a canonical classical text into a non-normative and highly stigmatized variety of spoken language. As it is directed to a bilingual audience, this translation loses its principal raison d’être, that is to make the text understandable for foreign readers, but it fulfils other functions.

scholarly journals HIGHLIGHTING THE SOUND SHIFT IN PUNJABI LANGUAGE: A CORPUS-BASED DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farukh Arslan ◽  
◽  
Asim Mahmood ◽  
Hira Haroon ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Sound Change ◽  
Problematic Situation ◽  
The Past

Punjabi language is most widely spoken language of Pakistan (Abbas, Chohan, Ahmed, & Kaleem, 2016). Punjabi is under developed language because of which, upcoming generations are shifting to other technically and digitally developed languages such as Urdu and English. In result of which, the sound shift is being observed in Punjabi language. Sounds which used to be present in the past in Punjabi language are found missing now. This leads to a problematic situation that this sound shift may result in language extinction and sound loss. This study is about the sound change and it has been studied in Punjabi language. On the basis of observation of speech in surrounding, researcher made a hypothesis that those speakers of Punjabi language who acquired Punjabi as L1 are able to produce few distinctive sounds that are not produced by the speakers who acquired Urdu as a mother tongue. For this purpose, a corpus of 2 million words was collected and the words including the sounds |n|ن and |l| ل were particularly shortlisted from the corpus. The speakers from both origins were asked to pronounce these words, the hypothesis was proved and, in result, variations in the pronunciation of sounds were observed. Sociolinguists and Phonologists need to heed on this issue to save Punjabi language from extinction.

Evaluational reactions to spoken French and English in Montreal: Does mother tongue really matter?

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elke Laur
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Linguistic Group ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Methodological Difference ◽  
French And English

AbstractMontreal became famous in socio-psychological and sociohnguistic circles half a century ago, when a group of researchers—Lambert, Hodgson, Gardner, and Fil-lenbaum — invented a new methodology to measure speech evaluations indirectly. They came up with an innovative technique, called matched guise, which allows researchers to access subjects’ reactions without asking for their opinions directly or doing extensive field work. In 2004, another matched guise study of the evaluational reactions of Montrealers added new aspects to the original methodological design in order to test some of its limits. The fundamental methodological difference was to include members of different language groups in a representative sample of the population of Montreal so that multivariate analysis could determine the extent to which belonging to a specific linguistic group could actually account for reactions to spoken language. This analysis reveals that some earlier interpretations should be realigned.

Problems Of Improving Spoken Language Skills In Teaching Russian As A Foreign Language

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Ajoy Kumar Karnati ◽  
Janani Vaidhyanathan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Spoken Language Skills

<p class="3ABSTRAK">While teaching Russian as a foreign language to undergraduate and postgraduate students in India, we observed that the learners quickly pick up writing skills, whereas their spoken language skills are not at the same level. There are many issues which need to be sorted out in order to improve spoken language skills. As written and spoken skills are different, we need to use different methods of teaching for each one of them. </p><p class="3ABSTRAK">Since the first thing that is taught to students, who are learning a language, are alphabets, hence, initially the whole attention is turned towards improving their writing skills. Though, in the beginning, the students also do pick up an elementary level of spoken language, in the intermediate and advanced levels of learning, their spoken language skills suffer due to various factors. One of the main factors being the lack of exposure to the foreign language once the learners are out of the classroom. Since they continue to do homework, they keep in touch with the written skills. However, once they are out of the classroom, the learners and people around them use their own mother tongue or other native languages to speak. As a result, their spoken skills of the foreign language do not improve.</p><p>Measures need to be taken for improving spoken skills: showing feature, as well as animation films; involving the students in discussions with the help of native speakers; providing audio books; showing them TV programs after class hours; involving learners in enacting Russian plays, etc. On the whole, artificial foreign language surroundings need to be created. Let us see how to motivate learners to speak as well as to write foreign language of their choice.</p><p> </p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>spoken skills, teaching Russian as a foreign language, learning problems</em>

What Do We Want Them To Be When They Grow Up?

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Lyn Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Profound Hearing Loss ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss ◽  
Learning To Listen

Abstract Learning to listen and speak are well-established preludes for reading, writing, and succeeding in mainstream educational settings. Intangibles beyond the ubiquitous test scores that typically serve as markers for progress in children with hearing loss are embedded in descriptions of the educational and social development of four young women. All were diagnosed with severe-to-profound or profound hearing loss as toddlers, and all were fitted with hearing aids and given listening and spoken language therapy. Compiling stories across the life span provides insights into what we can be doing in the lives of young children with hearing loss.

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