Performing Algorithms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Algorithmic Music ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Acoustic Domain

The chapter considers algorithmic music as the ‘sonification’ of algorithms, a term coined by Carla Scaletti to describe the mapping of numerically represented relations in some domain to relations in an acoustic domain. The chapter looks at the range of ways this concept has been used by the author in composing her works. The chapter identifies isomorphic relationships between algorithms and collaboration, music, and performance, and extends the boundary of the computer to include systems of people and sound. The definition of music and performance is extended to include process, rules, machines, and execution. Examples discussed include performing a bubble sort, pandemic performances (using principles of complex adaptive systems), Mandelbrot music, and M.T.Brain/Telebrain, which send complex algorithmic instructions to multiple performers in real time.

scholarly journals Sensing the City: Legibility in the Context of Mediated Spatial Terrains

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Wohl
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems Theory ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

Smartphones, with their “pervasive presence” in contact with our bodies, have come to act as sensory prosthetics that mediate our experience of the city. They activate new possibilities of navigating the urban, such that we can find exactly what we want, rather than what has been placed before us. This article argues that smartphone technologies produce a more fluid engagement with urban space: where space is not so much “given” as “enacted.” In this context, notions of “legibility” take on new algorithmic and virtual forms. Thus, according to Hamilton and colleagues, where “the legible city waited to be read, the transparent city of data waits to be accessed.” Here, stable features dissolve as urban space becomes increasingly fluid and contingent, no longer limited by static patterns of inhabitation. Instead, how we move and where we move shift in accordance with the kinds of urban resources being activated at any given location, at any given moment, and in conjunction with the shifting vicissitudes of the crowd. In this context, the virtual (in its technological definition of cyber-enabled or -enacted space) mediates and activates the virtual (in its philosophical definition pertaining to the capacities of an entity that may or may not be manifested depending on context). The article considers the implications of this novel spatial mediation using an ontological perspective informed by complex adaptive systems theory, which considers forms and objects not as absolutes but rather as contingent entities activated through interactions.

scholarly journals The Substrate-Independence Theory: Advancing Constructor Theory to Scaffold Substrate Attributes for the Recursive Interaction between Knowledge and Information

Systems ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
John Turner ◽  
Dave Snowden ◽  
Nigel Thurlow
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Structure Learning ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Construction Tasks ◽  
Post Hoc

The substrate-independence theory utilizes sensemaking techniques to provide cognitively based scaffolds that guide and structure learning. Scaffolds are cognitive abstractions of constraints that relate to information within a system. The substrate-independence theory concentrates on the flow of information as the underlying property of the host system. The substrate-independence theory views social systems as complex adaptive systems capable of repurposing their structure to combat external threats by utilizing constructors and substrates. Constructor theory is used to identify potential construction tasks, the legitimate input and output states that are possible, to map the desired change in the substrate’s attributes. Construction tasks can be mapped in advance for ordered and known environments. Construction tasks may also be mapped in either real-time or post hoc for unordered and complex environments using current sensemaking techniques. Mapping of the construction tasks in real-time becomes part of the landscape, and scaffolds are implemented to aid in achieving the desired state or move to a more manageable environment (e.g., from complex to complicated).

Resilience of Complex Adaptive Systems: A Pedagogical Framework for Engineering Education and Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Agami Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Operations Research ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Complete Failure ◽  
And Performance

Abstract The discourse on resilience, currently at the forefront of research and implementation in a wide variety of fields, is confusing because of its multi-disciplinary/spatial/temporal nature. Resilience analysis is a discipline that allows the assessment and enhancement of the coping and recovery behaviors of systems when subjected to short-lived high-impact external shocks leading to partial or complete failure. This paper, meant for pedagogical teaching and research formulation, starts by providing an overview of different aspects of resilience in general and then focuses on communities and regions that are complex adaptive systems (CAS) involving multiple engineered infrastructures providing essential services to local inhabitants and adapted to available natural resources and social requirements. Next, for objective analysis and assessment, it is proposed that resilience be characterized by four different quantifiable sub-attributes. This paper then describes the standard technocentric manner in which different temporal phases during and in the aftermath of disasters are generally visualized and analyzed, and discusses how these relate to reliability and risk analyses. Subsequently, two prevalent types of frameworks are described and representative literature reviewed: (i) those that aim at improving general resilience via soft methods such as subjective means (interviews, narratives) and census data, and (ii) those that are meant to enhance specific resilience under certain threat scenarios using hard/objective methods such as data-driven analysis and performance-predictive modeling methods, akin to resource allocation problems in operations research. Finally, the need for research into an integrated framework is urged; one that could potentially combine the strengths of both approaches.

Overlooked Role of Technology in the Sustainability Movement: A Pedagogical Framework for Engineering Education and Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agami Reddy ◽  
Braden Allenby
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
The Status ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sustainability Movement ◽  
Pedagogical Framework

Abstract The term “sustainability” has acquired an all-encompassing ambiguous aura, given that it touches on all facets of human endeavor. This paper, meant to provide a pedagogical framework for engineering education, starts by pointing out that since technology is an important and fundamental driver of current human development and inextricably interwoven into the societal fabric, the discourse on sustainability and sustainable development should evolve beyond its environmental and social origins. One should explicitly recognize the importance of technology in profundly shaping the discourse and not simply view it as an enabler of meeting preset equipment and system performance targets. In order to fragment the monolithic implied by the term “sustainability,” a categorization is then suggested ranging from individual products to wicked/complex adaptive systems as a fundamental level of separation. Subsequently, it is argued that the objective analysis of the multidimensional-spatial-temporal nature of sustainability, meant for the assessment of actionable design alternatives and for tracking the status of implemented measures, requires the definition of a small set of quantifiable umbrella capabilities and sub-attributes. The need to identify direct or surrogate parameters/variables and performance measures/metrics which characterize these sub-attributes is then discussed and mapped onto the application categories. Weighting and aggregating these sub-attributes to quantify the umbrella attributes necessarily introduce normative/aspirational preferences/biases of the various stakeholders, and this issue is also discussed. Finally, the two prevalent sustainability assessment frameworks, namely, the structure-based and the performance-based, are reviewed in terms of strengths and weaknesses and illustrative publications cited, and it is urged that more research be undertaken to synthesize these somewhat disparate approaches in dealing with natural, social, economic, political, and technological systems and organizations.

Relatonics as a Key Concept for Networked Organizations

2011 ◽  
pp. 1367-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Backström ◽  
Marianne Döös
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Learning ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Virtual Organizations ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Everyday Learning ◽  
Practical Implications

Learning in organizations, and the competence the organization thereby obtains for performing its core tasks, has come into ever sharper focus when attempts have been made to explain the degree of competitiveness of companies. Much learning takes place when people interact, converse, or co-act. In their research, the current authors have found themselves in need of a new concept, relatonic, that can be applied to the study of interaction and relations at organizational level. To focus interactions and relations is important for all organizations, and extra important for networked and virtual organizations, where persons not as often meet naturally just by working close to each other. The authors have defined and used the concept on the basis of their respective theoretical platforms. These concern recent thinking within the theories of workplace learning (WPL) and organization pedagogics (Döös, 2004, 2007) and theories of complex adaptive systems (CAS) (Backström, 2004). The possibility of a joint definition of the concept of relatonics has been explored (Backström & Döös, 2005), thereby initiating integration of parts of the theories of WPL and CAS. Next, in the Background, follows the joint definition of relatonics and the concept relatonic is expounded from a CAS perspective. Thereafter, follows a description of practical implications of relatonics. The aim is to describe the importance of relatonics for networked and virtual organizations. The main underlying problem concerns which opportunities for everyday learning and competence development are offered in working life, both at an individual and organizational level, but also the problem of stabilizing and integrating organizations composed of relatively autonomous parts.

scholarly journals FISHERMEN ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE AND COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS: AN INTERPRETATIVE MODEL FOR SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Loto ◽  
Ronaldo Lobão ◽  
Edson Pereira Silva ◽  
Cassiano Monteiro-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Marine Biology ◽  
Complex Adaptive System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Interpretative Model

Abstract The fishermen ecological knowledge (FEK) encompasses information on biology of species and climatic and oceanographic changes, all related with schools of fish and its capture. It incorporates a complex set of codes and signs, which are constantly updated and transmitted orally thorough generations. In this sense, FEK presents characteristics such as diversity and ability to learn from experience, which are in conformity with the definition of a complex adaptive system (CAS). Based on this assumption, this work proposes to structure and interpret FEK as a CAS. It is supported that such approach can promote the exchange of information among areas, which are other way considered incommensurable (anthropology, oceanography, marine biology, meteorology etc.), and also among formal sciences and the FEK. However, CAS is a structure designed with heuristic goals associated with mathematical modeling what is beyond the aims of this work, which uses CAS only as a structuring metaphor.

scholarly journals Cooperating community connections: A changing political reality

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Garth Graham
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Community Informatics ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Community Informatics has declared that the global is a federation of locals.  James Quilligan has written an essay to the effect that applying such a definition of global requires a world institution of democratic governance.  Some members of the community of community informatics researchers have come to a similar conclusion.  This essay outlines an alternative interpretation based on complex adaptive systems theory, and with consequent results for a different definition of the individual, the community and their interdependence.  It asks the question – where does the predominance of opinion in community informatics about the changing nature of governance and community reside?

scholarly journals Productivity Equation and the m Distributions of Information Processing in Workflows

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Roberto Telles
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Probabilistic Systems ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Definition Of

This research proposes and investigates an equation for productivity in hybrid workflows regarding its robustness towards the definition of workflows as a hybrid probabilistic systems. The proposed equation and its derivations were formulated through a theoretical framework about information theory, probabilities and complex adaptive systems. By defining a productivity equation for organism-machine-environment interactions, discrete and continuous variables that constitute the systems can be controlled by a mathematical framework where prediction and monitoring aspects of optimization are possible without the limitation of strict empirical methods.

scholarly journals Examining Innovation in Hospital Units: A Complex Adaptive Systems Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiljeana Glover ◽  
Noa Nissinboim ◽  
Eitan Naveh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Performance Orientation ◽  
Hospital Units ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Health innovation has been dominant in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and to some extent insurance institutions for quite some time. Now we are in an innovation age for healthcare delivery. Some note that the complexity of healthcare delivery may make innovation in this setting more difficult and may require more adaptive solutions. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between departmental complexity and innovation, using a complex adaptive systems approach in a hospital setting. Methods: We conducted a quantitative study of 31 hospital units within one hospital and use complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory to examine how two CAS factors, autonomy and performance orientation, moderate the relationship between departmental complexity and innovation. Results: We find that departmental complexity is associated with higher innovation performance when autonomy is low rather than high. We also find that departmental complexity is associated with higher innovation performance when performance orientation is high rather than low. Our findings make three distinct contributions: we quantify the influence of complexity on innovation success in the health care sector, we examine the impact of autonomy on innovation in health care, and we are the first to examine performance orientation on innovation in health care. Conclusions: This study tackles the long debate about the influence of complexity on healthcare delivery, particularly innovation. Instead of being subject to the influence of complexity with no means of making progress or gaining control, hospitals looking to implement innovation programs should provide guidance to teams and departments regarding the type of innovation sought and provide support in terms of time and management commitment. Hospitals should also find ways to promote and make successful pilot implementations of such innovations visible in the organization. A close connection between the targeted innovation and the overall success and performance of the hospital unit is ideal.

Emerging interdisciplinary fields in the coming intelligence/convergence era

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Noor
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractDramatic advances are in the horizon resulting from rapid pace of development of several technologies, including, computing, communication, mobile, robotic, and interactive technologies. These advances, along with the trend towards convergence of traditional engineering disciplines with physical, life and other science disciplines will result in the development of new interdisciplinary fields, as well as in new paradigms for engineering practice in the coming intelligence/convergence era (post-information age). The interdisciplinary fields include Cyber Engineering, Living Systems Engineering, Biomechatronics/Robotics Engineering, Knowledge Engineering, Emergent/Complexity Engineering, and Multiscale Systems engineering.The paper identifies some of the characteristics of the intelligence/convergence era, gives broad definition of convergence, describes some of the emerging interdisciplinary fields, and lists some of the academic and other organizations working in these disciplines. The need is described for establishing a Hierarchical Cyber-Physical Ecosystem for facilitating interdisciplinary collaborations, and accelerating development of skilled workforce in the new fields. The major components of the ecosystem are listed.The new interdisciplinary fields will yield critical advances in engineering practice, and help in addressing future challenges in broad array of sectors, from manufacturing to energy, transportation, climate, and healthcare. They will also enable building large future complex adaptive systems-of-systems, such as intelligent multimodal transportation systems, optimized multi-energy systems, intelligent disaster prevention systems, and smart cities.

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